Modified Atkins Diet versus low glycemic index treatment in children with drug-resistant epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Both the Modified Atkins Diet (MAD) and Low Glycemic Index Treatment(LGIT) are considered less restrictive than the ketogenic diet and effective in children with drug-resistant epilepsy(DRE). Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have compared these two diets.

Methods: All RCTs directly comparing MAD and LGIT for DRE were included in the review.

Clinical Characteristics, and Prevalence of Hepatic and Bone Mineral Density Abnormalities in Patients With Sheehan Syndrome: Data From a Tertiary Care Center.

Objective: Sheehan syndrome (SS), or postpartum pituitary necrosis, occurs due to reduced vascular supply to pituitary gland after postpartum hemorrhage, often linked to coagulation abnormalities, and pituitary antibodies. A smaller sella turcica volume is a risk factor for SS, consequent to compressive effects on the pituitary stalk. Hypopituitarism in SS increases the risk of metabolic liver and bone diseases.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Online and Face-to-Face Parent Training for Parents of Children With Developmental Disabilities.

Background: Parent training (PT) is an effective intervention for improving children's behavioral problems and enhancing parental mental health in those caring for children with developmental disabilities (DD). Recent studies report the effectiveness of online PT (ON-PT). ON-PT encompasses both the on-demand type and the real-time type, which involves real-time online group PT delivered through web conferencing systems.

A prospective pilot study of kidney-specific biomarkers to detect acute kidney injury after cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical morbidity after cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC).

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the use of kidney-specific biomarkers to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of post-HIPEC AKI.

Methods: Patients who received CRS/HIPEC were prospectively enrolled in this study.

Rotational training structures and national employment in public health education: an organizational perspective.

Introduction: Postgraduate medical education (PGME) relies on structured training rotations and workplace-based learning (WBL) to provide comprehensive clinical training and professional development. Emphasizing WBL, PGME integrates theoretical knowledge with practical skills through direct patient care involvement, underscoring the pivotal role of training institutes in supporting these initiatives. While curricular changes in PGME have been extensively studied in clinical teaching hospitals, PGME programs in public health (PGME-PH) remain underexplored, yet their multidisciplinary nature post-COVID-19 underscores the urgency for effective curricular reforms.

Internal brace augmentation in elbow varus posteromedial rotatory instability (VPMRI) allows early rehabilitation and prevents stiffness.

Purpose: Varus posteromedial rotatory instability (VPMRI) involves anteromedial coronoid fracture (AMCF), lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL), and medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury. There is no general consensus regarding the surgical treatment, but most surgeons recommend internal fixation of the coronoid along with primary ligament repair. This methodology involves postoperative immobilization to allow ligament healing, occasionally associated with stiffness.

Multi-scale inferomedial femoral neck bone quality in type 2 diabetes patients with fragility fracture.

Both trabecular and cortical bone undergo changes at multiple scales. We previously demonstrated the multi-scale changes in trabecular bone quality that contribute to bone fragility in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The link between increased fragility in T2D and multi-scale changes in cortical bone and their interaction with glycation remains unclear.

Speckle Tracking Echocardiography-Based Correlation Between Left Atrial Strain and Functional Capacity in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Introduction: The left atrium (LA) dilates and its function decreases as a chronic secondary change in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). LA strain is a more sensitive measure of LV filling pressure than LA volume and can be used to predict the functional capacity in HCM.

Objective: To analyze LA strain in patients with HCM and its correlation with exercise tolerance.

Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Secreting MS Neuroblastoma.

We present a rare case of a 17-month-old child diagnosed with MS-stage neuroblastoma and associated chronic diarrhea due to elevated vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) levels. The unusual occurrence of a VIP-secreting tumor in a patient with MS neuroblastoma is a rare combination, not previously reported in the literature. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy and excision of the tumor, leading to a significant decline in VIP levels and resolution of symptoms.

Primitive Myxoid Mesenchymal Tumor of Infancy: A Lost Battle.

Primitive myxoid mesenchymal tumor of infancy (PMMTI) is a low to intermediate-grade, poorly differentiated myofibroblastic tumor and is characterized by its tendency to recur locally. It commonly occurs in the 1 year of life and is predominantly seen in the axial skeleton and rarely in the retroperitoneum. We report one such case of PMMTI, which is the second case reported in English literature.

Rising global burden of anxiety disorders among adolescents and young adults: trends, risk factors, and the impact of socioeconomic disparities and COVID-19 from 1990 to 2021.

Background: Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental health conditions globally, particularly affecting adolescents and young adults (10-24 years), and causing substantial psychological and social impairments. This study analyzed changes in the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of anxiety disorders in this age group from 1990 to 2021, emphasizing the impact of socioeconomic disparities and the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly post-2019.

Methods: Utilizing the Global Burden of Disease(GBD) 2021 data from 204 countries, this study evaluated global trends in anxiety disorders among adolescents and young adults.

Effectiveness of an Online Medical Spanish Course in Improving Medical Students' Spanish Proficiency.

Introduction: A growing need exists for language-concordant healthcare for Spanish speakers in the United States. More than three-quarters of American medical schools provide Spanish language instruction, but little data exists on best practices. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine whether an online medical Spanish course is effective at improving medical students' Spanish proficiency.

Olfactory Evoked Potential Monitoring: Technical Note and Challenges Faced.

Background And Aim: Despite the sustained progress in the realm of intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring of the nervous system, little progress has been achieved in monitoring the olfactory pathway. Loss of olfactory function due to retraction-induced physical damage during operations has ill-appreciated negative consequences for the patients and is often underreported. Improvements in this area of neuromonitoring require a revisit of the technical challenges.

Determinants of tumor necrosis and its impact on outcome in patients with Localized osteosarcoma uniformly treated with a response adapted regimen without high dose Methotrexate- A retrospective institutional analysis.

Purpose: Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in form of tumor necrosis predicts outcome in osteosarcoma; although response-adapted treatment escalation failed to improve outcome among patients treated with high-dose methotrexate-based (HDMTx) chemotherapy. This study aimed to identify factors predicting tumor necrosis and its impact on survival among patients with non-metastatic osteosarcoma treated with a response-adapted non-HDMTx regimen.

Methods: A retrospective single-institutional study was conducted among non-metastatic osteosarcoma patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy between 2004-2019.

Level V Metastases in Node-Positive Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Beyond Level IIA and III.

Introduction: Surgical management of level V in clinically node positive (cN+) oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) is controversial. The objectives of the study were to identify predictors of level V metastases in cN+ OSCC.

Methods: This retrospective study is based on institutional data of operated cN+ OSCC between April 2018 and December 2022.

Effectiveness of Heart Failure Nursing Protocol (HF-NP) on quality of life of patients with heart failure.

Background: Effective management of heart failure (HF) requires an integrated approach involving pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Available evidence shows that patients benefit from adjunctive therapies along with guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). Still, there is an inadequacy in the use of the best available evidence and the self-management of symptoms by the patients.

Molecular Characteristics of Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant , Hospital-Acquired MRSA Isolates, and PVL in one of the Indian hospitals.

Unlabelled: Community-acquired methicillin resistant (CA-MRSA) strains are increasingly replacing hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA) strains in hospitalized patients leading to poor clinical outcomes. Hence, this study aimed to characterize clinical isolates of MRSA (HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA) and to understand their clonal origin. A total of 400 consecutive clinical isolates were collected from the clinical bacteriology lab of a tertiary care hospital.

Endoscopic Monitoring of Treatment of Indeterminate Intestinal Lesions in a Prospective "Real-Life" Cohort in Eastern India Where Tuberculosis Remains Endemic: Distinguishing Intestinal Tuberculosis From Crohn's Disease.

Introduction It is sometimes difficult to differentiate between intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and Crohn's disease (CD) in India, as both conditions may mimic each other. The aim was to differentiate ITB from CD in indeterminate intestinal lesions with a therapeutic trial of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) and follow-up to find out the clinical, endoscopic, radiological, and histological predictors for differentiation between ITB and CD. Methods A prospective observational cohort study of patients diagnosed with ITB and CD according to the Asia-Pacific Guidelines in a "real-life" clinical setting was conducted.

Incorporating Climate Change Education Into Residency: A Focus on Community Risks and Resources.

Background: Graduate medical education (GME) focused on climate change (CC) health effects is essential. However, few CC education evaluations exist to guide residency programs looking to implement CC content.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of an education session on residents' self-reported knowledge of CC health effects and confidence utilizing local CC anticipatory guidance and community resources with patients.

A Rapid-Response Curricular Approach to Teaching Politically Charged Topics.

Residency education in the United States faces challenges from evolving external influence on evidence-based reproductive and gender-affirming health care (R/GAHC). Curricula must incorporate information and resources to assist residents in navigating changes. To illustrate a process for expeditiously adapting curriculum in response to changing laws affecting R/GAHC.

A Novel Longitudinal Training Experience in Obesity Medicine for Internal Medicine Residents.

Treatment of obesity is a public health priority. However, little training in obesity medicine is currently integrated into residency programs. We integrated a 12-month obesity medicine training experience within a New York internal medicine residency program.

Role of intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1 in impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia.

Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) experience multiple episodes of hypoglycemia, resulting in dysfunctional counter-regulatory responses with time. The recent experimental study by Jin explored the role of intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia. They identified intestinal GLP-1 along with GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) as the new key players linked with impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic mice.

Comparison of Bioelectrical Impedance Analyser (BIA) with Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Scan in Assessing the Body Composition of Adult Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: Assessing the body composition is important in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to prevent and achieve optimum control during treatment. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), being a more affordable method of assessing the body composition, should therefore be compared with the gold standard dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to look for a correlation between the two and the potential of BIA to be used widely in this population. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 60 patients attending the endocrinology outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care centre in Kolkata, India.