Radical overlapping intravelar veloplasty during primary cleft palate repair results in decreased secondary speech surgery.

Background: There is growing evidence that performing a radical intravelar veloplasty (IVV) improves speech outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of a radical IVV during primary palatoplasty on the rate of secondary speech surgery.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of primary palatoplasty using an IVV performed by a single surgeon from the year 2000 to 2023.

Evaluation of a high-fidelity cleft alveolar bone graft simulator.

Introduction: Cleft alveolar bone graft surgery is technically challenging to perform as well as difficult to learn and teach. A high-fidelity cleft alveolar bone graft simulator was previously developed. However, further evaluation of the simulator is necessary to assess its efficacy.

Bilateral Cleft lip Simulation.

Objective: To evaluate the features, anatomic accuracy, and educational value of a high-fidelity bilateral cleft lip simulator.

Design: Evaluation of the simulator by expert cleft surgeons after performing a simulated bilateral cleft lip repair.

Setting: The simulator was evaluated by the surgeons during the Latin American Craniofacial Association meeting.

Breast Cancer Detection Using a Low-Dose Positron Emission Digital Mammography System.

Purpose To investigate the feasibility of low-dose positron emission mammography (PEM) concurrently to MRI to identify breast cancer and determine its local extent. Materials and Methods In this research ethics board-approved prospective study, participants newly diagnosed with breast cancer with concurrent breast MRI acquisitions were assigned independently of breast density, tumor size, and histopathologic cancer subtype to undergo low-dose PEM with up to 185 MBq of fluorine 18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG). Two breast radiologists, unaware of the cancer location, reviewed PEM images taken 1 and 4 hours following F-FDG injection.

An augmented hybrid multibaseline and referenceless MR thermometry motion compensation algorithm for MRgHIFU hyperthermia.

Purpose: A hybrid principal component analysis and projection onto dipole fields (PCA-PDF) MR thermometry motion compensation algorithm was optimized with atlas image augmentation and validated.

Methods: Experiments were conducted on a 3T Philips MRI and Profound V1 Sonalleve high intensity focused ultrasound (high intensity focused ultrasound system. An MR-compatible robot was configured to induce motion on custom gelatin phantoms.

An interactive augmented reality software for facial reconstructive surgeries.

Background And Objective: Surgical trainees need a lot of training and practice before being able to operate independently. The current approach of surgical education mainly involves didactic teaching and psychomotor training through physical models or real tissue. Due to the unavailability of physical resources and lack of objective ways of evaluation, there is a demand for developing alternative training methods for surgeons.

Development and Evaluation of a High-Fidelity Rhinoplasty Simulator.

Rhinoplasty is a challenging procedure with a steep learning curve. Surgical simulators provide a safe platform to gain hands-on experience without compromising patient outcomes. Therefore, rhinoplasty is an ideal procedure to benefit from an effective surgical simulator.

An adaptive targeting algorithm for magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound controlled hyperthermia.

Background: Mild hyperthermia has been demonstrated to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy in various cancer types. One localized, non-invasive method of administering mild hyperthermia is magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MRgHIFU). However, challenges for ultrasound such as beam deflection, refraction and coupling issues may result in a misalignment of the HIFU focus and the tumor during hyperthermia.

Erratum: Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Generated Hyperthermia: A Feasible Treatment Method in a Murine Rhabdomyosarcoma Model.

An erratum was issued for: Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Generated Hyperthermia: A Feasible Treatment Method in a Murine Rhabdomyosarcoma Model . The Authors section was updated from: Claire Wunker1,2 Karolina Piorkowska3 Ben Keunen3 Yael Babichev2 Suzanne M. Wong3,4 Maximilian Regenold5 Michael Dunne5 Julia Nomikos1,2 Maryam Siddiqui6 Samuel Pichardo6 Warren Foltz7 Adam C.

Deformity-Correcting Ankle Fusions With Patient-Specific 3D Operative Planning and 3D-Printed Cut Guides: Report of 2 Cases.

Case: We report 2 cases of severe arthrogrypotic clubfeet presenting with multiplanar ankle deformities. Two patients (3 ankles) were treated with deformity-correcting ankle fusions using 3D preoperative planning and 3D-printed patient-specific cut guides. This technique enabled safe, accurate, and efficient surgical correction with good clinical outcomes.

Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Generated Hyperthermia: A Feasible Treatment Method in a Murine Rhabdomyosarcoma Model.

Magnetic resonance-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (MRgHIFU) is an established method for producing localized hyperthermia. Given the real-time imaging and acoustic energy modulation, this modality enables precise temperature control within a defined area. Many thermal applications are being explored with this noninvasive, nonionizing technology, such as hyperthermia generation, to release drugs from thermosensitive liposomal carriers.

Effect of Wearing a Face Mask on Hand-to-Face Contact by Children in a Simulated School Environment: The Back-to-School COVID-19 Simulation Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Wearing a face mask in school can reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission but it may also lead to increased hand-to-face contact, which in turn could increase infection risk through self-inoculation.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of wearing a face mask on hand-to-face contact by children while at school.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective randomized clinical trial randomized students from junior kindergarten to grade 12 at 2 schools in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, during August 2020 in a 1:1 ratio to either a mask or control class during a 2-day school simulation.

Moderate procedural confidence improvement following hands-on practice using the hemispherectomy simulator.

Introduction: Pediatric hemispherectomy is a technically demanding procedure with significant risk. There are relatively few opportunities for surgeon trainees to gain confidence in this nuanced surgery solely through traditional apprenticeship prior to independent practice. Surgeon confidence has been linked to better intraoperative performance and surgical simulation has, according to literature, resulted in improved surgeon confidence.

Design and validation of a hemispherectomy simulator for neurosurgical education.

Objective: Early adaptors of surgical simulation have documented a translation to improved intraoperative surgical performance. Similar progress would boost neurosurgical education, especially in highly nuanced epilepsy surgeries. This study introduces a hands-on cerebral hemispheric surgery simulator and evaluates its usefulness in teaching epilepsy surgeries.

Fabrication of Customizable Intraplaque Hemorrhage Phantoms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Purpose: Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging detection of methemoglobin, a molecular marker of intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), in atherosclerotic plaque is a promising method of assessing stroke risk. However, the multicenter imaging studies required to further validate this technique necessitate the development of IPH phantoms to standardize images acquired across different scanners. This study developed a set of phantoms that modeled methemoglobin-laden IPH for use in MR image standardization.

A robotic magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound platform for neonatal neurosurgery: Assessment of targeting accuracy and precision in a brain phantom.

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is one of the most serious neurovascular complications resulting from premature birth. It can result in clotting of blood within the ventricles, which causes a buildup of cerebrospinal fluid that can lead to posthemorrhagic ventricular dilation and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Currently, there are no direct treatments for these blood clots as the standard of care is invasive surgery to insert a shunt.