Long-term outcomes in five patients with autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis treated with molgramostim inhalation solution.

Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (aPAP), which accounts for >90% of all cases of PAP, is a rare lung disease mediated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) autoantibodies that block GM-CSF signalling, leading to reduced surfactant clearance causing abnormal accumulation of alveolar surfactant and impaired gas exchange [1-3]. The current standard of care for aPAP is whole-lung lavage (WLL), which is invasive, resource intensive, carries procedural risk, does not address the underlying cause of disease and often must be repeated regularly [4]. Hence, there is a therapeutical need to address the underlying pathophysiology of the disease.

Bioaugmented design and functional evaluation of low damage implantable array electrodes.

Implantable neural electrodes are key components of brain-computer interfaces (BCI), but the mismatch in mechanical and biological properties between electrode materials and brain tissue can lead to foreign body reactions and glial scarring, and subsequently compromise the long-term stability of electrical signal transmission. In this study, we proposed a new concept for the design and bioaugmentation of implantable electrodes (bio-array electrodes) featuring a heterogeneous gradient structure. Different composite polyaniline-gelatin-alginate based conductive hydrogel formulations were developed for electrode surface coating.

Metabolomics insights into doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil combination therapy in triple-negative breast cancer: a xenograft mouse model study.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies and a leading cause of death among women worldwide. Among its subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant clinical challenges due to its aggressive behavior and limited treatment options. This study aimed to investigate the effects of doxorubicin (DOX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as monotherapies and in combination using an established MDA-MB-231 xenograft model in female BALB/C nude mice employing advanced metabolomics analysis to identify molecular alterations induced by these treatments.

Addressing the overuse of hospital emergency departments in the Portuguese NHS: a new paradigm.

The escalating trend of inappropriate visits to Emergency Departments (ED) has led to significant concerns, including resource misallocation, compromised patient care, and an increased burden on healthcare workers. Portugal faces a notable challenge, reporting one of the highest ED visit rates, with an annual average of approximately 6 million ED visits from 2013 to 2023. In response, the "Call First, Save Lives" pilot project was launched by the Portuguese NHS Executive Board, in 2023, at the Local Health Unit (LHU) of Póvoa de Varzim/Vila do Conde.

Modelling neurodegeneration and inflammation in early diabetic retinopathy using 3D human retinal organoids.

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes and a primary cause of visual impairment amongst working-age individuals. DR is a degenerative condition in which hyperglycaemia results in morphological and functional changes in certain retinal cells. Existing treatments mainly address the advanced stages of the disease, which involve vascular defects or neovascularization.

Evidence-based exercise recommendations to improve functional mobility in older adults - A study protocol for living systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: This is a protocol for a living systematic review and meta-analysis.This review will assess the effects of state-of-the-art exercise interventions designed to promote functional mobility. Therefore, after identifying all potential interventions, we will use the F.

Giant Cell Tumor of the Uterus: A Report and Review of the Literature.

Giant cell tumors are neoplasms that usually occur in the long bones of young adults. They can rarely present in the soft tissue and may display malignant behavior. Giant cell malignancies have previously been reported as tumors primary of the uterus but are exceptionally rare.

Risk factors affecting the therapeutic effect of onabotulinum toxin a on chronic migraine.

Background: OnabotulinumtoxinA demonstrates effectiveness in chronic migraine prevention but is hindered by variable patient responses. This study aims to identify modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors influencing the response to onabotulinumtoxinA.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a tertiary hospital involving chronic migraine patients treated with onabotulinumtoxinA.

Sleeve Gastrectomy and Gastric Bypass Impact in Patient's Metabolic, Gut Microbiome, and Immuno-inflammatory Profiles-A Comparative Study.

Background: Bariatric surgery is the most long-term effective treatment option for severe obesity. The role of gut microbiome (GM) in either the development of obesity or in response to obesity management strategies has been a matter of debate. This study aims to compare the impact of two of the most popular procedures, sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GB), on metabolic syndrome parameters and gut bacterial microbiome and in systemic immuno-inflammatory response.

Estimating future heat-related and cold-related mortality under climate change, demographic and adaptation scenarios in 854 European cities.

Previous health impact assessments of temperature-related mortality in Europe indicated that the mortality burden attributable to cold is much larger than for heat. Questions remain as to whether climate change can result in a net decrease in temperature-related mortality. In this study, we estimated how climate change could affect future heat-related and cold-related mortality in 854 European urban areas, under several climate, demographic and adaptation scenarios.

Waste marble sludge and calcined clay brick powders in conventional cement farina production for cleaner built environment.

In the manufacturing of some sectors, such as marble and brick, certain byproducts, such as sludge, powder, and pieces containing valuable chemical compounds, emerge. Some concrete plants utilize these byproducts as mineralogical additives in Turkey. The objective of the experimental study is to ascertain whether the incorporation of waste from the marble and brick industries, in powder form, into cement manufacturing as a mineralogical additive or substitute is a viable option.

Optimal frequency bands for pupillography for maximal correlation with HRV.

Assessing cognitive load using pupillography frequency features presents a persistent challenge due to the lack of consensus on optimal frequency limits. This study aims to address this challenge by exploring pupillography frequency bands and seeking clarity in defining the most effective ranges for cognitive load assessment. From a controlled experiment involving 21 programmers performing software bug inspection, our study pinpoints the optimal low-frequency (0.

Short-term evolutionary implications of an introgressed size-determining supergene in a vulnerable population.

The Thorny Skate (Amblyraja radiata) is a vulnerable species displaying a discrete size-polymorphism in the northwest Atlantic Ocean (NWA). We conducted whole genome sequencing of samples collected across its range. Genetic diversity was similar at all sampled sites, but we discovered a ~ 31 megabase bi-allelic supergene associated with the size polymorphism, with the larger size allele having introgressed in the last ~160,000 years B.

Helioseismic inference of the solar radiative opacity.

The Sun is the most studied of all stars, and thus constitutes a benchmark for stellar models. However, our vision of the Sun is still incomplete, as illustrated by the current debate on its chemical composition. The problem reaches far beyond chemical abundances and is intimately linked to microscopic and macroscopic physical ingredients of solar models such as radiative opacity, for which experimental results have been recently measured that still await theoretical explanations.

Sanctuary for vulnerable Arctic species at the Borealis Mud Volcano.

Borealis is a recently discovered submerged mud volcano in the Polar North Atlantic, differing from the numerous methane seepages previously identified in the region. Here we show in situ observations from a remotely operated vehicle (ROV), capturing the release of warm (11.5 °C) Neogene sediments and methane-rich fluids from a gryphon at Borealis.

Efficacy and safety of an algorithm using C-reactive protein to guide antibiotic therapy applied through a digital clinical decision support system: a study protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial.

Introduction: The escalating resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobials poses a significant public health threat. Strategies that use biomarkers to guide antimicrobial therapy-most notably Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP)-show promise in safely reducing patient antibiotic exposure. While CRP is less studied, it offers advantages such as lower cost and broader availability compared with PCT.

Portuguese consensus on first line treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis with a non-TNF inhibitor therapy - a delphi methodology.

Introduction: Psoriasis (PsO) is a common chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated disease. In 2023, a 4.4% prevalence of PsO was reported in Portugal.

Safety and effectiveness of pulsed field ablation for pulmonary vein isolation in atrial fibrillation patients: One-year single center experience.

Introduction And Objectives: Pulmonary vein (PV) isolation is one of the cornerstones of rhythm-control therapy for symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel ablation modality that involves the application of electrical pulses causing cellular death, and it has preferential tissue specificity. In this study, we aimed to share a one-year single center experience of AF ablation with PFA.

Assessing the impact of TiO nanomaterials on intestinal cells: new evidence for epithelial translocation and potential pro-inflammatory effects.

Understanding the potential impact of nanomaterials (NMs) on human health requires further investigation into the organ-specific nano-bio interplay at the cellular and molecular levels. We showed increased chromosomal damage in intestinal cells exposed to some of in vitro digested Titanium dioxide (TiO) NMs. The present study aimed to explore possible mechanisms linked to the uptake, epithelial barrier integrity, cellular trafficking, as well as activation of pro-inflammatory pathways, after exposure to three TiO-NMs (NM-102, NM-103, and NM-105).

Changes in the epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever: impact of travel and a OneHealth approach in the European region.

Background: The World Health Organization has identified Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) as a priority disease for research and development in emergency contexts. The epidemiology of CCHF is evolving and this review highlights travel-associated cases and focuses on the need for a One Health approach in Europe.

Methods: For this narrative review, two searches were performed in PubMed and Google Scholar for the period 1980-October 2024.

Improving Motor Competence of Children: The "Super Quinas" Intervention Program in Portuguese Primary Schools.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe the effects of an extra hour of a structured motor program on the motor competence (MC) of children 6-10 years old..

Design: The need for movement interventions to enhance MC among school-aged children has gained vital importance in the last years, given the negative secular trends reported.

Guidelines International Network: Principles for Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Health Guideline Enterprise.

Description: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been defined by the High-Level Expert Group on AI of the European Commission as "systems that display intelligent behaviour by analysing their environment and taking actions-with some degree of autonomy-to achieve specific goals." Artificial intelligence has the potential to support guideline planning, development and adaptation, reporting, implementation, impact evaluation, certification, and appraisal of recommendations, which we will refer to as "guideline enterprise." Considering this potential, as well as the lack of guidance for the use of AI in guidelines, the Guidelines International Network (GIN) proposes a set of principles for the development and use of AI tools or processes to support the health guideline enterprise.