Molecular characterization of anopheline species diversity in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago, with a particular emphasis on Anopheles barbirostris.

This study investigates anopheline species diversity in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, employing morphological and molecular methods, focusing on the D3 domain of 28S rRNA (D3) and second internal spacer (ITS2). Ten Anopheline species were identified morphologically and confirmed with molecular markers. While the D3 region demonstrated low level of inter- and intra-specific genetic distance in all the species, ITS2 revealed clear barcoding gap.

Anticancer efficacy of magnetite nanoparticles synthesized using aqueous extract of brown seaweed Rosenvingea intricata, South Andaman, India.

Cancer is a global issue and hence various efforts are being made. Iron oxide is considered a significant biochemical agent in the biomedical arena for cancer treatment. Marine macroalgae-mediated iron oxides especially, magnetite (FeO) nanoparticles (NPs) are a prospective alternative to diagnose and treat cancer owing to their fluorescent and magnetic properties.

Clinical Profile, Management, and Outcome of Posterior Urethral Valves in Children - Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: Posterior urethral valves (PUV) are the most common obstructive anomaly of the lower urinary tract in children. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) in 17% of the children is due to PUV. The present study helps know the spectrum of the disease, management options, and the outcome in these children.

Insights into the physiology, biochemistry and ecological significance of the red seaweed Tricleocarpa fragilis in the Andaman Sea.

The present study focused on the physiological and biochemical aspects of Tricleocarpa fragilis, red seaweed belonging to the phylum Rhodophyta, along the South Andaman coast, with particular attention given to its symbiotic relationships with associated flora and fauna. The physicochemical parameters of the seawater at the sampling station, such as its temperature, pH, and salinity, were meticulously analyzed to determine the optimal harvesting period for T. fragilis.

A New Beginning to the Existing Medicines; Repurposing FDA-Approved Drugs for the Neglected Re-Emerging Disease Leptospirosis.

Leptospirosis is one of the re-emerging zoonotic diseases, especially in tropical regions. Many antibiotics are used to treat leptospirosis, but there are no scientific evidence-based guidelines or systematic clinical trials for using these drugs. A bioinformatics approach was made to shortlist some Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States of America-approved and currently used drugs for leptospirosis.

A cross-sectional study on diabetes self-management practice and its association with glycemic control among type 2 Diabetes patients.

Context: Diabetes has emerged as a major chronic public health problem throughout the world. Self-management by diabetes patients is very important for controlling blood sugar levels and preventing complications of diabetes.

Aims: The present study was conducted to study self-management practices among diabetes patients and to analyse socio-demographic factors associated with them.

Tracing microplastic pollution in Mahi River estuary, Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, and their influence on functional traits of macrobenthos.

Most maritime habitats contain microplastic (MPs) contamination. The quality of the benthic ecosystem's habitat is declining as MPs accumulate in marine system. The contamination of MPs must therefore be investigated.

Seasonal distribution and upsurge of respiratory viruses among indigenous tribes with ILI and SARI in a far-flung Car Nicobar Island.

Background: Respiratory viral illnesses among children are a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. The aim of this study is to understand the seasonal pattern and surge of respiratory viruses among the Nicobarese tribe.

Methods: Respiratory specimens were collected from both ARI and SARI cases attended the BJR district hospital in Car Nicobar Island, India, between 2021 and 2022.

An eco-epidemiological analysis of dengue outbreak in Port Blair, South Andaman Island, India.

Background Objectives: In Port Blair, the capital of Andaman & Nicobar Islands, in the Bay of Bengal, India, there was a sudden increase in fever cases resembling the symptoms of dengue in the monsoon period of 2022. Hence, an investigation was carried out to find out epidemiological and entomological reasons behind the outbreak.

Methods: An entomological survey was carried out in 24 wards of Port Blair Municipal Council (PBMC) area, epidemiological data of last six years (January-December 2017-2021 and January-October 2022) and patient details of the year 2022 were collected.

Serosurveillance of dengue infection and correlation with mosquito pools for dengue virus positivity during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tamil Nadu, India - A state-wide cross-sectional cluster randomized community-based study.

Background: Dengue is a vector-borne viral disease impacting millions across the globe. Nevertheless, akin to many other diseases, reports indicated a decline in dengue incidence and seroprevalence during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-22). This presumably could be attributed to reduced treatment-seeking rates, under-reporting, misdiagnosis, disrupted health services and reduced exposure to vectors due to lockdowns.

Prevalence, Attributes, and Risk Factors of QT-Interval-Prolonging Drugs and Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Cancer Patients: A Prospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Introduction Cancer chemotherapy regimens include multiple classes of adjuvant drugs as supportive therapy. Because of the concurrent intake of other drugs (like antiemetics, antidepressants, analgesics, and antimicrobials), there is a heightened risk for possible QT interval prolongation. There is a dearth of evidence in the literature regarding the usage of QT-prolonging anticancer drugs and associated risk factors that have the propensity to prolong QT interval.

Evaluation of Different Root Canal Sealers on Post Operative Pain in Single Visit RCT - A Comparative Study.

Aim: To evaluate and compare three different root canal sealers (Endo-Sequence BC, Bio Root RCS and Zinc Oxide Eugenol) on post operative pain in single visit root canal therapies.

Material And Methodology: 60 subjects with age ranging from 18-60 years were randomly selected depending upon the inclusion criteria. The subjects were then divided into three groups with 20 patients in each.

Assessment of genome mutation analysis for tumor-informed detection of circulating tumor DNA in patients with breast cancer.

Introduction: Breast cancer, one of the most aggressive types of cancer, poses significant challenges for diagnosis and treatment. Emerging as a promising biomarker, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can be used to identify and monitor disease risk. This study sought to examine the impact of mutations in various genes on the progression of breast cancer.

Molecular characterization of lymphocystis disease virus in Indian glass fish: first report from the Andaman Islands.

Here, we report the first detection of lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) in Indian glass fish in the Andaman Islands, India. Microscopic examination revealed the presence of whitish clusters of nodules on the fish's skin, fins, and eyes. The histopathology of the nodules revealed typical hypertrophied fibroblasts.

Resolving fusilier puzzles: The identity of Squamosicaesio marri and Pterocaesio flavifasciata, and a new record of Flavicaesio suevica from the Western Indian Ocean.

A phylogenetic analysis incorporating mitochondrial cox1 gene sequences of members of the family Caesionidae revealed the conspecificity of Pterocaesio flavifasciata and Squamosicaesio marri, which was also supported by the absence of any clear morphological diagnostic characters and meristic counts to separate the two species. Additionally, we provide the first record of the Suez fusilier, Flavicaesio suevica, from outside the Red Sea, based on specimens collected from the Laccadive archipelago, Western Indian Ocean. Together, these results show that the taxonomy, diversity, and distribution of members of the family Caesionidae continue to be poorly known, necessitating a comprehensive range-wide study.

Biodiversity of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in phytotelmata from Car Nicobar Island, India.

The Culicidae mosquito family breeds in various natural and artificial water bodies. Phytotelmata are plant structures that hold water and are used by many mosquito species during their life cycle. Mosquitoes are disease vectors, and phytotelmata play an important role in harbouring them.

Whole genome analysis of Human Mastadenovirus D causing Keratoconjunctivitis in India - A multicentre study.

Introduction: Human mastadenovirus (HAdV) types 8, 37, 64 have been considered the major contributors in Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) epidemics, but recent surveillance data have shown the involvement of emerging recombinants, including HAdV-53, HAdV-54, and HAdV-56. In our initial work, positive samples for adenovirus revealed that our strains were closer to HAdV-54 than HAdV-8. Hence, the current study aimed to use whole genome technology to identify the HAdV strain correctly.

Extracellular L-Asparaginase Synthesis Isolation, Optimization, and Characterization from Marine Saltern Sediment Sources.

Background: Asparagine is an amino acid that can be converted into aspartic acid and ammonia by the enzyme L-asparaginase. Some forms of cancer, such Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL), respond well to this enzyme when employed as a chemotherapeutic drug. The purpose of this research was to find bacteria that can manufacture the enzymes L-asparaginasein marine slattern sediment which can be employed in commercial and industrial scale production.