Human supragingival in vivo calculus formation in relation to saturation of saliva with respect to calcium phosphates.

The aim was to establish if there is a correlation between the rate of formation of supragingival calculus and the degree of supersaturation of saliva with respect to apatite, brushite and other calcium phosphates. The rate of calculus formation was estimated by measuring the calculus formed on lingual surfaces of the lower incisors in 15 individuals during 30 days. Submandibular saliva stimulated with citric acid and resting whole saliva, alter pH determination and ultrafiltration to remove protein was analysed for calcium, phosphate, sodium, potassium and carbonate.

Formulating a "do not resuscitate" policy for a psychogeriatric service: need for consultation with Maori.

The authors discuss the need for Do Not Resuscitate policies in psychogeriatric wards, the process of consulting Maori when formulating such policies and some legal considerations when applying do not resuscitate policies. The reasons for the need to consult with Maori when developing mental health services for the elderly are emphasised.

Psychiatric disorder and disability in New Zealand long-stay psychiatric patients.

A study was undertaken of the prevalence of physical disease, psychiatric disorder and deviant behaviour in a sample of 137 long stay psychiatric patients at Porirua Hospital near Wellington, New Zealand. Patients were in the main male, single, middle-aged to elderly and of European descent. Schizophrenia was the most common diagnosis.

Use of hormonal contraceptives in an institutional setting: reasons for use, consent and safety in women with psychiatric and intellectual disabilities.

Aim: To describe the use of hormonal contraceptives in institutionalised women with psychiatric and/or intellectual disabilities.

Methods: Women who had been disability or mental health service inpatients for six months or more and were prescribed hormonal contraceptives were included. Data were collected from their clinical files and from structured interviews of the women and of their primary care givers.

Parental bonding and separation-individuation difficulties among late adolescent eating disordered women.

This study is an exploration of both interpersonal and intrapsychic factors associated with eating disorders in late adolescent women. It examines perceived parental bonding characteristics and resolution of the second separation-individuation process for both eating and non-eating disordered subjects. Subjects were 20 late adolescent eating disordered women and 20 symptom-free late adolescent female university students.