Effects of hydrogeochemistry on the microbial ecology of terrestrial hot springs.

Temperature, pH, and hydrochemistry of terrestrial hot springs play a critical role in shaping thermal microbial communities. However, the interactions of biotic and abiotic factors at this terrestrial-aquatic interface are still not well understood on a global scale, and the question of how underground events influence microbial communities remains open. To answer this, 11 new samples obtained from the El Tatio geothermal field were analyzed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (V4 region), along with 191 samples from previous publications obtained from the Taupo Volcanic Zone, the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field, and the Eastern Tibetan Plateau, with their temperature, pH, and major ion concentration.

Assessment of activities and participation of people by rehabilitation-focused clinical registries: a systematic scoping review.

Introduction: Rehabilitation is considered a key intervention in health care. Clinical registries, defined as an organized system that uses observational methods to collect information to assess specific outcomes in a defined population, can contribute to assessing the impact of the rehabilitation intervention. This review aims to identify and describe rehabilitation-specific registry systems with an emphasis on identifying outcomes that enable the assessment of vital areas and activities of daily living.

MRI-Based Surrogate Imaging Markers of Aggressiveness in Prostate Cancer: Development of a Machine Learning Model Based on Radiomic Features.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to develop a noninvasive Machine Learning (ML) model to identify clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) according to Gleason Score (GS) based on biparametric MRI (bpMRI) radiomic features and clinical information.

Methods: This retrospective study included 86 adult Hispanic men (60 ± 8.2 years, median prostate-specific antigen density (PSA-D) 0.

Distribution and Activity of Sulfur-Metabolizing Bacteria along the Temperature Gradient in Phototrophic Mats of the Chilean Hot Spring Porcelana.

In terrestrial hot springs, some members of the microbial mat community utilize sulfur chemical species for reduction and oxidization metabolism. In this study, the diversity and activity of sulfur-metabolizing bacteria were evaluated along a temperature gradient (48-69 °C) in non-acidic phototrophic mats of the Porcelana hot spring (Northern Patagonia, Chile) using complementary meta-omic methodologies and specific amplification of the A (APS reductase) and B (thiosulfohydrolase) genes. Overall, the key players in sulfur metabolism varied mostly in abundance along the temperature gradient, which is relevant for evaluating the possible implications of microorganisms associated with sulfur cycling under the current global climate change scenario.

Factors influencing the implementation of shared decision-making in breast cancer care: protocol for a mixed-methods study.

Introduction: Chile is committed to actively involving patients in their healthcare. However, little is known about how this is translated into clinical encounters. Breast cancer (BC) is the first cause of cancer-related death in Chilean women.

The impact of health policies and the COVID-19 pandemic on exclusive breastfeeding in Chile during 2009-2020.

In 2011, Chile added 12 mandatory extra weeks of maternity leave (ML). In January 2015, a pay-for-performance (P4P) strategy was included in the primary healthcare system, incorporating exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) promotion actions. The COVID-19 pandemic led to healthcare access difficulties and augmented household workloads.

Anxiety, anhedonia, and related food consumption in Israelis populations:An online cross-sectional study two years since the outbreak of COVID-19.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted daily life. Beyond severe health and economic consequences, psychological consequences have surfaced that require in-depth research to understand the pandemic's effects on mental health. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the association between anxiety levels and anhedonia with food consumption patterns and changes in body weight over the two years since the COVID-19 outbreak in Israel.

GPR43 stimulation on TCRαβ intraepithelial colonic lymphocytes inhibits the recruitment of encephalitogenic T-cells into the central nervous system and attenuates the development of autoimmunity.

Introduction: Gut microbiota plays a critical role in the regulation of immune homeostasis. Accordingly, several autoimmune disorders have been associated with dysbiosis in the gut microbiota. Notably, the dysbiosis associated with central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity involves a substantial reduction of bacteria belonging to Clostridia clusters IV and XIVa, which constitute major producers of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).

Systematic Mapping Review of Orthognathic Surgery (Protocol).

Study Design: This document details the planning phase of a systematic mapping review.

Objective: The objective of this mapping review is to identify, describe, and organize evidence currently available from systematic reviews and primary studies regarding different co-interventions and surgical modalities used in orthognathic surgery (OS) and their outcomes.

Methods: Systematic reviews (SRs), randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and observational studies that evaluate perioperative OS co-interventions and surgical modalities will be identified in an exhaustive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Epistemonikos, Lilacs, Web of Science, and CENTRAL.

Ultrasound Assessment of Skin Tumors Local Recurrence.

Skin cancer may recur at or around the surgical site despite wide excisions. Prompt clinical and sonographic detection of local recurrence is important since subjects with relapsing melanomas or nonmelanoma malignancies can be managed efficaciously, with a relevant impact on morbidity and survival. Ultrasound is being employed with increasing frequency in the assessment of skin tumors, but most of the published articles relate to initial pretherapeutic diagnosis and staging.

Extubation failure after cardiac surgery in children with Down syndrome.

Unlabelled: Extubation failure (EF) after cardiac surgery is associated with poorer outcomes. Approximately 50% of children with Down syndrome (DS) have congenital heart disease. Our primary aim was to describe the frequency of EF and identify risk factors for its occurrence in a population of patients with DS after cardiac surgery.

Self-reported periodontitis association with impaired smell and taste: A multicenter survey.

Objectives: To investigate the association between self-reported periodontitis and the senses of taste and smell among employees of one Danish and two American universities.

Materials And Methods: Data were collected through a digital survey. A total of 1239 individuals from Aarhus University - Denmark, the University of Iowa, and the University of Florida - USA were included.

TFOS Lifestyle Report: Impact of environmental conditions on the ocular surface.

Environmental risk factors that have an impact on the ocular surface were reviewed and associations with age and sex, race/ethnicity, geographical area, seasonality, prevalence and possible interactions between risk factors are reviewed. Environmental factors can be (a) climate-related: temperature, humidity, wind speed, altitude, dew point, ultraviolet light, and allergen or (b) outdoor and indoor pollution: gases, particulate matter, and other sources of airborne pollutants. Temperature affects ocular surface homeostasis directly and indirectly, precipitating ocular surface diseases and/or symptoms, including trachoma.

Hypoglycemia and glycemic variability of people with type 1 diabetes with lower and higher physical activity loads in free-living conditions using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with predictive low-glucose suspend system.

Introduction: Maintaining glycemic control during and after physical activity (PA) is a major challenge in type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study compared the glycemic variability and exercise-related diabetic management strategies of adults with T1D achieving higher and lower PA loads in nighttime-daytime and active- sedentary behavior hours in free-living conditions.

Research Design And Methods: Active adults (n=28) with T1D (ages: 35±10 years; diabetes duration: 21±11 years; body mass index: 24.

How not to write a constitution: lessons from Chile.

On September 4, 2022, Chilean voters massively turned down a constitutional proposal that responded to widely shared criticisms of the 1980 constitution and emerged from a consensual and participatory process. This result is paradoxical because ex ante, the odds seemed largely in favor of changing the status quo. We argue that three factors, which derived from the interaction between rules and political contingency, explain the outcome: a Convention under the control of party-less independents, the exceptional underrepresentation of the political right, and a highly decentralized and public writing process.

The Reliability of Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation Classification Systems: A Comparison Between the Rockwood and Kraus Classifications.

Background: The Rockwood system for the classification of acute acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocations has been associated with a lack of reliability. A novel system has been proposed (Kraus classification) that is based on dynamic posterior translation of these injuries.

Purpose: To assess the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the Rockwood and Kraus classification systems and also to examine the impact of surgeon experience on the assessments.

BC Clinical impact of medication reviews with follow-up in cardiovascular older patients in primary care: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Aims: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the primary cause of death in Chile. Pharmacist-led medication review with follow-up (MRF) has improved CVD risk factors control in Europe and North America. However, their healthcare systems differ from Chile's, precluding generalizability.

GRASP: a computational platform for building kinetic models of cellular metabolism.

Summary: Kinetic models of metabolism are crucial to understand the inner workings of cell metabolism. By taking into account enzyme regulation, detailed kinetic models can provide accurate predictions of metabolic fluxes. Comprehensive consideration of kinetic regulation requires highly parameterized non-linear models, which are challenging to build and fit using available modelling tools.

Ultra-processed food consumption and the incidence of obesity in two cohorts of Latin-American young children: A longitudinal study.

Purpose: We evaluated the potential associations between the consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) and the incidence of obesity among Uruguayan and Brazilian preschoolers.

Design And Methods: We conducted a longitudinal analysis using data from preschool children from Uruguay and Brazil. The "Health, child development and nutritional survey" (ENDIS) was conducted in Uruguay in 2013-2014 and 2015-2016.

Global phylogenomic novelty of the Cas1 gene from hot spring microbial communities.

The Cas1 protein is essential for the functioning of CRISPR-Cas adaptive systems. However, despite the high prevalence of CRISPR-Cas systems in thermophilic microorganisms, few studies have investigated the occurrence and diversity of Cas1 across hot spring microbial communities. Phylogenomic analysis of 2,150 Cas1 sequences recovered from 48 metagenomes representing hot springs (42-80°C, pH 6-9) from three continents, revealed similar ecological diversity of Cas1 and 16S rRNA associated with geographic location.

Socio-economic inequalities in the effect of public policies and the COVID-19 pandemic on exclusive breastfeeding in Chile.

Objective: To assess the impact of the addition of 12 maternity leave (ML) weeks (2011), a pay for performance (P4P) exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) promotion strategy (2015), and the COVID-19 pandemic in EBF inequalities in Chile.

Study Design: Interrupted time-series analyses (ITSAs).

Methods: Aggregated national EBF data by municipality and month were collected from 2009 to 2020.