Oscillometry reference values for children and adolescents.

Background: Oscillometry devices allow quantification of respiratory function at tidal breathing but device-specific reference equations are scarce: the present study aims to create sex-specific oscillometric reference values for children and adolescents using the Resmon PRO FULL device.

Methods: Healthy participants (n=981) aged 6 to 17 years of the Austrian LEAD general population cohort were included. Subjects had normal weight (body mass index ≤99th percentile) and normal lung volumes (total lung capacity (TLC) ≥ lower limit of normal).

Reference Equations for Within-Breath Respiratory Oscillometry in White Adults.

Background: Within-breath analysis of oscillometry parameters is a growing research area since it increases sensitivity and specificity to respiratory pathologies and conditions. However, reference equations for these parameters in White adults are lacking and devices using multiple sinusoids or pseudorandom forcing stimuli have been underrepresented in previous studies deriving reference equations. The current study aimed to establish reference ranges for oscillometry parameters, including also the within-breath ones in White adults using multi-sinusoidal oscillations.

Impact of neonatal noninvasive resuscitation strategies on lung mechanics, tracheal pressure, and tidal volume in preterm lambs.

This study investigated the relationship between three respiratory support approaches on lung volume recruitment during the first 2 h of postnatal life in preterm lambs. We estimated changes in lung aeration, measuring respiratory resistance and reactance by oscillometry at 5 Hz. We also measured intratracheal pressure in subsets of lambs.

Simultaneous in-air and underwater 3D kinematic analysis of swimmers: Feasibility and reliability of action sport cameras.

This study explored the potential of reconstructing the 3D motion of a swimmer's hands with accuracy and consistency using action sport cameras (ASC) distributed in-air and underwater. To record at least two stroke cycles of an athlete performing a front crawl task, the cameras were properly calibrated to cover an acquisition volume of 3 m in X, 8 m in Y, and 3.5 m in Z axis, approximately.

Respiratory and chest wall mechanics in very preterm infants.

Data on static compliance of the chest wall () in preterm infants are scarce. We characterized the static compliance of the lung () and to determine their relative contribution to static compliance of the respiratory system () in very preterm infants at 36 wk postmenstrual age (PMA). We also aimed to investigate how these compliances were influenced by the presence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and impacted breathing variables.

Oscillometry Longitudinal Data on COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Syndrome Treated with Non-Invasive Respiratory Support.

: Oscillometry allows for the non-invasive measurements of lung mechanics. In COVID-19 ARDS patients treated with Non-Invasive Oxygen Support (NI-OS), we aimed to (1) observe lung mechanics at the patients' admission and their subsequent changes, (2) compare lung mechanics with clinical and imaging data, and (3) evaluate whether lung mechanics helps to predict clinical outcomes. : We retrospectively analyzed the data from 37 consecutive patients with moderate-severe COVID-19 ARDS.

Mesenchymal stromal cell extracellular vesicles improve lung development in mechanically ventilated preterm lambs.

Novel therapies are needed for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) because no effective treatment exists. Mesenchymal stromal cell extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) have therapeutic efficacy in a mouse pup neonatal hyperoxia BPD model. We tested the hypothesis that MSC-sEVs will improve lung functional and structural development in mechanically ventilated preterm lambs.

A Survey of the Union of European Neonatal and Perinatal Societies on Neonatal Respiratory Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units.

(1) Background: Our survey aimed to gather information on respiratory care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) in the European and Mediterranean region. (2) Methods: Cross-sectional electronic survey. An 89-item questionnaire focusing on the current modes, devices, and strategies employed in neonatal units in the domain of respiratory care was sent to directors/heads of 528 NICUs.

Within-breath oscillometry for identifying exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in pediatric patients reporting symptoms with exercise.

Background: Evaluating oscillometry parameters separately for the inspiratory and expiratory breath phases and their within-breath differences can help to identify exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in pediatric outpatients disclosing exercise-induced symptoms (EIS).

Aims: To assess the response in impedance parameters following an exercise challenge in patients reporting EIS.

Methods: Sixty-eight patients reporting EIS (34 asthmatics and 34 suspected of asthma, age mean = 10.

Continuous Telemetric In Utero Tracheal Pressure Measurements in Fetal Lambs.

Normal in utero lung development and growth rely upon the expansion of airspaces and the controlled efflux of lung liquid into the amniotic space. Infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) also have lung hypoplasia due to occupation of the chest cavity by the stomach and bowel and, in the most severe cases, the liver. Balloon tracheal occlusion reduces the severity of lung hypoplasia in fetuses with CDH but increases the risk of premature birth.

Oscillometry for personalizing continuous distending pressure maneuvers: an observational study in extremely preterm infants.

Rationale: Lung recruitment and continuous distending pressure (CDP) titration are critical for assuring the efficacy of high-frequency ventilation (HFOV) in preterm infants. The limitation of oxygenation (peripheral oxygen saturation, SpO) in optimizing CDP calls for evaluating other non-invasive bedside measurements. Respiratory reactance (Xrs) at 10 Hz measured by oscillometry reflects lung volume recruitment and tissue strain.

Combining lung ultrasound and oscillatory mechanics for assessing lung disease in very preterm infants.

Background: We investigated whether combining lung ultrasound scores (LUSs) and respiratory system reactance (Xrs) measured by respiratory oscillometry explains the severity of lung disease better than individual parameters alone.

Methods: We performed a prospective observational study in very preterm infants. Forced oscillations (10 Hz) were applied using a neonatal mechanical ventilator (Fabian HFOi, Vyaire).

Oscillatory mechanics trajectory in very preterm infants: a cohort study.

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the trajectory of oscillatory mechanics from the first week of life to term equivalent and evaluate whether oscillatory mechanics are associated with simultaneous lung disease in infants ≤32 weeks gestation.

Methods: In this observational, longitudinal study, we enrolled 66 infants. Forced oscillations were applied using a neonatal mechanical ventilator (Fabian HFOi) that superimposed oscillations (10 Hz, amplitude 2.

Home monitoring of lung mechanics by oscillometry before, during and after severe COVID-19 disease: a case study.

https://bit.ly/3WCpWC0.

Biochemical and Lung Function Test Accuracy for Predicting the Need for Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: We evaluate the accuracy of postnatal biochemical and lung function tests performed within 3 h from birth for predicting surfactant need in preterm infants ≤34 weeks' gestation receiving noninvasive respiratory support for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Library, PROSPERO, and clinicaltrials.gov databases for studies published from 2000 to November 10, 2021, cross-referencing relevant literature and contacting experts.

Oscillatory mechanics in very preterm infants on continuous positive airway pressure support: Reference values.

Objective: To create reference values for respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs) measured by the forced oscillation technique (FOT) in nonintubated very preterm infants.

Design: Retrospective analysis of data collected as part of prospective observational studies in two centers.

Setting: Tertiary neonatal intensive care units.

Impact of fetal treatments for congenital diaphragmatic hernia on lung development.

The extent of lung hypoplasia impacts the survival and severity of morbidities associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The alveoli of CDH infants and in experimental models of CDH have thickened septa with fewer type II pneumocytes and capillaries. Fetal treatments of CDH-risk preterm birth.

A novel method for monitoring abdominal compliance to optimize insufflation pressure during laparoscopy.

Background: Abdominal compliance describes the ease of expansion of the abdominal cavity. Several studies highlighted the importance of monitoring abdominal compliance (C) during the creation of laparoscopic workspace to individualize the insufflation pressure. The lack of validated clinical monitoring tools for abdominal compliance prevents accurate tailoring of insufflation pressure.

An Analysis of New Feature Extraction Methods Based on Machine Learning Methods for Classification Radiological Images.

The lungs are COVID-19's most important focus, as it induces inflammatory changes in the lungs that can lead to respiratory insufficiency. Reducing the supply of oxygen to human cells negatively impacts humans, and multiorgan failure with a high mortality rate may, in certain circumstances, occur. Radiological pulmonary evaluation is a vital part of patient therapy for the critically ill patient with COVID-19.

Preclinical Assessment of Nebulized Surfactant Delivered through Neonatal High Flow Nasal Cannula Respiratory Support.

High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a non-invasive respiratory support (NRS) modality to treat premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The delivery of nebulized surfactant during NRS would represent a truly non-invasive method of surfactant administration and could reduce NRS failure rates. However, the delivery efficiency of nebulized surfactant during HFNC has not been evaluated in vitro or in animal models of respiratory distress.

Contactless Monitoring of Breathing Pattern and Thoracoabdominal Asynchronies in Preterm Infants Using Depth Cameras: A Feasibility Study.

Objective: Monitoring infants' breathing activity is crucial in research and clinical applications but remains a challenge. This study aims to develop a contactless method to monitor breathing patterns and thoracoabdominal asynchronies in infants inside the incubator, using depth cameras.

Methods: We proposed an algorithm to extract the 3D displacements of the ribcage and abdomen from the analysis of depth images.

Monitoring respiratory mechanics by oscillometry in COVID-19 patients receiving non-invasive respiratory support.

Background: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has been increasingly used in COVID-19 patients. The limited physiological monitoring and the unavailability of respiratory mechanic measures, usually obtainable during invasive ventilation, is a limitation of NIV for ARDS and COVID-19 patients management.

Objectives: This pilot study was aimed to evaluate the feasibility of non-invasively monitoring respiratory mechanics by oscillometry in COVID-19 patients with moderate-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) receiving NIV.