[Acute abdominal pain in general practice].

Acute abdominal pain (AAP) represents the 9th most common complaint in general practice. The etiologies are multiple: a third are non-specific, but around 10% require hospital treatment. An accurate history enables a correct diagnosis in 76% of cases, and abdominal palpation can detect a possible surgical abdomen.

[Red eye : common ocular pathologies in outpatient care].

Red eye is a common condition characterized by eye redness, often accompanied by itching, burning, pain, or discharge. This condition can be caused by a multitude of factors, ranging from minor irritations to severe infections. Red eyes are a frequent complaint in outpatient practice.

[Knee pain in primary care medicine : diagnostic and therapeutic approach].

Knee pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints in primary care medicine. The leading causes of knee pain are osteoarthritis and musculoskeletal disorders. A careful history and a rigorous clinical examination usually enable a diagnosis to be made without the need for further investigations.

[TVE in the management of rare diseases in hematology: raising the "Dephi" bar].

Launched in 2022 at the Policlinique d'hématologie et d'immunologie (PHI) of the Centre hospitalier (CH) Saint-Louis, the therapeutic patient education (TPE) program for patients suffering from rare hematology pathologies is continuing to develop. It has led to the creation of an TPE team. To date, two workshops are up and running, and a third is nearing completion.

[Taking origins into account in medical reasoning in infectious and tropical diseases? A critical look].

Healthcare discriminations based on one's ethnic background is increasingly being studied in medicine. The scale of the Covid-19 pandemic has played an important role in bringing them to light. Data, although scarce, exist in France.

[Children and adolescents in a neglectful environment Early detection as the first response to their needs].

Neglect of children and adolescents is the most common form of abuse and occurs when their basic needs are not met. The negative impact on physical and mental health can be significant. Early detection by primary care physicians and support for parents and the community, in collaboration with the social and health network, are essential to ensure that minors have an environment conducive to their healthy development.

[Dengue vaccines, a time for cautious optimism?].

Vaccine could take a central role in the strategy to reduce the burden of dengue. The development of an effective and safe vaccine must address various immunological challenges. Several vaccines are currently in development.

[Malaria vaccines: a new tool for elimination?].

A malaria vaccine represents an essential complementary tool to curb the stagnation, or even increase, in malaria cases observed over the last decade due to the emergence of resistance to insecticides impregnated on mosquito nets, wars and internal conflicts, as well as global warming. In October 2021, WHO recommended the use of the RTS,S/ASO1 vaccine for children aged 5-17 months in areas of moderate to high transmission. In October 2023, a second vaccine received WHO approval for deployment in the same population, following demonstration of around 70 % efficacy in protecting young children against malaria for one year.

[A map for the improvement of healthcare: Swiss Health Care Atlas].

The Swiss Health Care Atlas (ASSS) is a free platform accessible to healthcare professionals and the general public. It provides a detailed overview of healthcare practices and the use of pharmaceutical and technological resources in both acute and outpatient care settings throughout Switzerland. It serves as an interactive tool for visualizing medical services and practices in Switzerland, along with regional variations.

[Dengue fever is knocking on the doors of Europe].

Dengue is a subject of major concern in global health because its incidence is increasing, and its geographical area continues to expand. On a global scale, the projections available point in the direction of an extension of the geographical areas of the Aedes vectors, partly in connection with the increase in temperatures and the modification of precipitation cycles in the context of the climate change. This expansion is expected at the borders of the areas of current spread with, however, a possible contraction in certain areas that are now endemic.

[COVID-19, how to treat the disease during Fall 2022?].

Since the arrival of COVID-19, we have witnessed a series of new variants and new therapies, and it is therefore becoming difficult to stay up to date on the best management of an outpatient infected with SARS-CoV-2. In a patient at risk of an unfavorable evolution in the first 5 days of illness, the antiviral Paxlovid is recommended. Evusheld, administered in the hospitals, is recommended in patients with a documented negative serology, for treatment in early disease or as a pre-exposure prophylaxis.

[Mobile phone applications for addiction treatment].

This literature review focuses on mobile phone applications for addiction treatment. Only applications used in combination with a standard treatment were considered. Eleven studies met inclusion criteria.

[Travel vaccines: what is in the pipeline?].

While no vaccine is on the horizon to prevent traveler's diarrhea, progress has been made in the field of malaria and dengue fever. In both cases, the objective is not primarily the prevention among travelers but rather the reduction of morbidity and mortality in populations living in endemic areas. The immune mechanisms protecting against parasitosis are not well understood, which further complicates vaccine development.

[Pharmacovigilance - mRNA COVID-19 vaccines : current state of knowledge on their adverse effects].

The COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated the rapid development and large-scale use of technologically innovative vaccines, such as the mRNA vaccines Spikevax (Moderna) and Comirnaty (Pfizer-BioNTech). This unprecedented deployment has challenged pharmacovigilance, requiring combined skills in safety monitoring, prompt data analysis and continuous dissemination of knowledge. Main recognised adverse events of these vaccines are moderate and transient, linked to their significant reactogenicity.

[Detection and treatment of burnout by physicians of Unisanté].

Lacking diagnostic standards, the prevalence of Occupational Burnout (OB) remains uncertain. Unisanté aimed to evaluate its magnitude in its patients and to evaluate the medical practices related to OB in two of its departments, the Department of the Policlinics (DDP) and the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (DSTE). An online survey has shown that 43/55 of the physicians participating in the survey have already diagnosed patients with OB in their practice.

Risk factors of hospitalization for any medical condition among patients with prior emergency department visits for mental health conditions.

Background: This longitudinal study identified risk factors for frequency of hospitalization among patients with any medical condition who had previously visited one of six Quebec (Canada) emergency departments (ED) at least once for mental health (MH) conditions as the primary diagnosis.

Methods: Records of n = 11,367 patients were investigated using administrative databanks (2012-13/2014-15). Hospitalization rates in the 12 months after a first ED visit in 2014-15 were categorized as no hospitalizations (0 times), moderate hospitalizations (1-2 times), and frequent hospitalizations (3+ times).

[Treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism : an update of the evidence and the new Rapid Recommendations].

Subclinical hypothyroidism is frequent and its treatment by thyroid hormones is debated. Current guidelines tend to recommend a treatment for symptomatic adults or for thyrotropin (TSH) levels > 10 mIU/l. Nevertheless, new evidence from systematic review, -including 21 trials and 2192 participants, demonstrated that thyroid hormone replacement has no clinically relevant benefit on patients' symptoms or prognosis.

[The management of hypertriglyceridemia and the risk of pancreatitis].

In the face of hypertriglyceridemia, the potential causes must be assessed to choose the best medical therapeutic option. In cases of secondary hypertriglyceridemia, physicians should use treatments targeting the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the lipid disorder. Lifestyle interventions are the cornerstone of an effective treatment, to achieve controlled glycemia, blood pressure and weight loss.

[New European and American guidelines on the management of blood cholesterol : similarities and differences].

Experts' guidelines for the management of dyslipidemias differ from country to country, with important differences between medical societies of Europe and the United States. Recently, new American and European guidelines have been established. These guidelines mainly differ for cardiovascular risk stratification in secondary prevention, and for LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) goals to achieve.

[Controversies concerning screening and treatment of primary dyslipidemias in 2020].

Familial dyslipidemia is rare compared to polygenetic causes. Nevertheless, it is important not to miss this diagnosis, as it is more strongly associated with an increased risk of early cardiovascular disease and scores for calculating cardiovascular risk are not valid in this population. Early detection and management based on lifestyle optimization and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors can delay the onset of cardiovascular complications and thus improve patients' quality of life.