Chronic Peripheral Inflammation is Associated With Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia: Results From the Multicentric FACE-SZ Dataset.

Objectives: Inflammation, measured by abnormal blood C-reactive protein (CRP) level, has been described in schizophrenia (SZ), being inconsistently related to impaired cognitive functions. The aim of the present study is to investigate cognitive impairment associated with abnormal CRP levels in a large multi-centric sample of community-dwelling SZ patients, using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery.

Method: Three hundred sixty-nine community-dwelling stable SZ subjects (76.

[Alcohol use in children: An unrecognized fact].

Although drinking problems are now well documented in adolescents and young people, few data are available on alcohol use in children younger than 12. In France, studies have shown that 60-70% of 11-year-olds reported having tasted alcohol drinks, 4-7% having experienced drunkenness at least once, and that 5-8% might be regarded as "regular" alcohol users. By comparison, the prevalence of child drinking in the United States seems to be lower.

[Diogenes syndrome and Hoarding disorder: Same or different?].

Introduction: In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association published the DSM-5. In this new version, new diagnoses were proposed including the Hoarding disorder. In the French semeiology, the Diogenes syndrome is described, among other symptoms, by a pathological tendency to accumulate objects called syllogomania which is very close to hoarding.

Sensory Gating Capacity and Attentional Function in Adults With ADHD: A Preliminary Neurophysiological and Neuropsychological Study.

The inability to filter sensory input correctly may impair higher cognitive function in ADHD. However, this relationship remains largely elusive. The objectives of the present study is to investigate the relationship between sensory input processing and cognitive function in adult patients with ADHD.

[How to treat and manage unsatisfactory response?].

Only one third of patients suffering from depression will achieve a satisfactory response with first line treatments and more than half of patients will fail to obtain at least 50 % reduction in their symptoms after 3 months of treatment. This article presents a review of the scientific arguments supporting the various therapeutic strategies when confronted to a first treatment failure after an adequate drug trial. Several pharmacological approaches are possible.

[Negative symptoms and cerebral imaging].

A number of neuroanatomical and neurofonctional abnormalities have been evidenced by cerebral imaging studies in patients suffering from schizophrenia. Nevertheless, those specifically associated with the negative symptoms of this disease are still insufficiently known. This work is a review of selected studies that have assessed the brain correlates of negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

Peripheral sub-inflammation is associated with antidepressant consumption in schizophrenia. Results from the multi-center FACE-SZ data set.

Objectives: The relation between C-Reactive Protein (CRP), depression and antidepressant consumption has been well explored in major depressive disorders but not in schizophrenia, which has a high rate of depression comorbidity. The objectives of this study were: (i) to determine the prevalence of abnormal CRP levels, depression and antidepressant consumption in a multicenter community-dwelling sample of subjects with schizophrenia (ii) to determine the association between abnormal CRP levels, depression and antidepressant consumption in schizophrenia.

Method: 219 stable patients with schizophrenia (mean age=31.

Medication and aggressiveness in real-world schizophrenia. Results from the FACE-SZ dataset.

Introduction: The primary objective of this study was to determine if second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) administration was associated with lower aggressiveness scores compared to first-generation (FGA) in schizophrenia (SZ). The secondary objective was to determine if antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and benzodiazepines administration were respectively associated with lower aggressiveness scores compared to patients who were not administered these medications.

Methods: Three hundred thirty-one patients with schizophrenia (N = 255) or schizoaffective disorder (N = 76) (mean age = 32.

Akathisia: prevalence and risk factors in a community-dwelling sample of patients with schizophrenia. Results from the FACE-SZ dataset.

The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of akathisia in a community-dwelling sample of patients with schizophrenia, and to determine the effects of treatments and the clinical variables associated with akathisia. 372 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were systematically included in the network of FondaMental Expert Center for Schizophrenia and assessed with validated scales. Akathisia was measured with the Barnes Akathisia Scale (BAS).

Metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity and hyperuricemia in schizophrenia: Results from the FACE-SZ cohort.

Objective: Abdominal obesity was suggested to be a better predictor than Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) for cardiovascular mortality, however this is has not been extensively studied in schizophrenia. Hyperuricemia (HU) was also suggested to be both an independent risk factor for greater somatic comorbidity and a global metabolic stress marker in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of MetS, abdominal obesity and HU, to examine the association between metabolic parameters with HU in a cohort of French patients with schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorder (SZ), and to estimate the prevalence rates of treatment of cardio-vascular risk factors.

[Involuntary hospitalization under the Act of July 5th 2011: A study of patients' experience and understanding of their hearing with the judge ruling on civil detention cases].

Objective: To assess involuntary admitted patients' experience and understanding of their hearing with the judge ruling on civil detention cases according to the Act of July 5th 2011.

Methods: The evaluation was conducted through face-to-face interviews, from a semi-structured questionnaire, with 48 involuntary admitted patients under psychiatric care admission on a third party request (ASPDT) or on state representative decision (ASPDRE) (participation rate=96%).

Results: Few participants knew the name of the hearing place (13%) and the judge's exact title (21%).

High sensitivity C reactive protein, fibrinogen levels and the onset of major depressive disorder in post-acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Major depression disorder (MDD) is a common condition in patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and depression is a risk factor for mortality following an ACS. Growing evidence suggests that there is an intricate interplay between atherosclerosis, inflammation and depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of atherosclerosis-induced inflammation in the mediation of MDD.

[Alcohol use in young adolescents. A survey in French secondary schools].

Among young adolescents, early use of alcohol has been shown to be related to later alcohol use disorders and alcohol-related problems in numerous epidemiologic studies. However, if drinking problems are now well documented in young people, few data are available on alcohol use in children and young adolescents. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions and attitudes with respect to alcohol use among young adolescents entering their first year of secondary school (mean age, 11.

Sensory gating in adult with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Event-evoked potential and perceptual experience reports comparisons with schizophrenia.

Background: In daily life, adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) report abnormal perceptual experiences that can be related to sensory gating deficit. This study investigated and compared P50 suppression (a neurophysiological measure of sensory gating) and perceptual abnormalities related to sensory gating deficit in ADHD and schizophrenias patients.

Methods: Three groups were compared: 24 adults with ADHD, 24 patients with schizophrenia and 24 healthy subjects.

[Co-occuring mood and substance use disorders].

Mood and substance use disorders commonly co-occur, yet there is little evidence-based research to guide the pharmacologic management of these comorbid disorders. The authors review the existing empirical findings including current clinical pharmacotherapy practices for treating co-occurring mood and substance use disorders and call into question current clinical practices. The specific mood disorders reviewed are bipolar and major depressive disorders (either one co-occurring with a substance use disorder).

[Affective disorders and eating disorders].

Epidemiologic studies show a frequent co-occurence of affective and eating disorders. The incidence of one disorder in patients suffering from the other disorder is well over the incidence in the general population. Several causes could explain this increased comorbidity.

[Affective disorders: endocrine and metabolic comorbidities].

Links between affective and endocrine-metabolic disorders are numerous and complex. In this review, we explore most frequent endocrine-metabolic comorbidities. On the one hand, these comorbidities imply numerous iatrogenic effects from antipsychotics (metabolic side-effects) or from lithium (endocrine side-effects).

[Affective disorders and anxiety comorbidities].

Anxiety disorders are frequently associated with affective disorders and represent one of the most important comorbidity in patients with bipolar disorder. Their prevalence is high, whatever the anxiety disorder, with nevertheless higher rates for generalized anxiety disorder (18.4 to 19.

[Shouting in dementia].

Shouting in dementia is a frequent manifestation in institution and is often considered to be extremely disruptive. It remains the most misunderstood behavioral disorder. Shouting or screaming is not a necessarily pejorative qualifier as defined by public authorities and institutions.

EEG neurofeedback treatments in children with ADHD: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: We undertook a meta-analysis of published Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) with semi-active control and sham-NF groups to determine whether Electroencephalogram-neurofeedback (EEG-NF) significantly improves the overall symptoms, inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity dimensions for probably unblinded assessment (parent assessment) and probably blinded assessment (teacher assessment) in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Data Sources: A systematic review identified independent studies that were eligible for inclusion in a random effects meta-analysis.

Data Extraction: Effect sizes for ADHD symptoms were expressed as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals.

[Specialized training in geriatric psychiatry during residency in France].

Aging of the population is a growing concern in developed countries. Therefore, geriatric psychiatry has gradually emerged from general psychiatry. Many names have been proposed to term this sub-specialty: old age psychiatry (OAP), psychogeriatrics, geropsychiatry.

[Personality disorders and aging].

Personality disorder can be defined as an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that markedly deviates from the expectations of the individual's culture. With aging, personality disorders may improve or worsen. Their prevalence in the elderly is slightly lower than the prevalence in young adult.

The covariation of independent and dependant variables in neurofeedback: a proposal framework to identify cognitive processes and brain activity variables.

This methodological article proposes a framework for analysing the relationship between cognitive processes and brain activity using variables measured by neurofeedback (NF) carried out by functional Magnetic Resonance Imagery (fMRI NF). Cognitive processes and brain activity variables can be analysed as either the dependant variable or the independent variable. Firstly, we propose two traditional approaches, defined in the article as the "neuropsychological" approach (NP) and the "psychophysiology" approach (PP), to extract dependent and independent variables in NF protocols.