Altered central vision and amacrine cells dysfunction as marker of hypodopaminergic activity in treated patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Retinal dysfunction is widely documented in schizophrenia using flash (fERG) and pattern electroretinograms (PERG), but the role of dopamine transmission has seldom been explored.

Methods: We explored the role of dopamine transmission by evaluating the spatial location of retinal anomalies using multifocal ERG (mfERG) in photopic condition and the oscillatory potentials (OPs) extracted from fERG measured in scotopic condition in 29 patients with schizophrenia and 29 healthy controls.

Results: With the mfERG, our main results revealed reduced amplitudes in the center of the retina: P1 (p < .

Visual attention and inhibitory control in children, teenagers and adults with autism without intellectual disability: results of oculomotor tasks from a 2-year longitudinal follow-up study (InFoR).

Background: Inhibitory control and attention processing atypicalities are implicated in various diseases, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD). These cognitive functions can be tested by using visually guided saccade-based paradigms in children, adolescents and adults to determine the time course of such disorders.

Methods: In this study, using Gap, Step, Overlap and Antisaccade tasks, we analyzed the oculomotor behavior of 82 children, teenagers and adults with high functioning ASD and their peer typically developing (TD) controls in a two-year follow-up study under the auspices of the InFoR-Autism project.

Subjective cognitive complaints and relations to objective cognitive performance among Lebanese patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Patients with schizophrenia have a particularly low level of insight into their illness compared to people with other mental health disorders. The objectives of the study were to evaluate: 1) subjective cognitive complaints in individuals with schizophrenia in comparison with health controls, 2) the relation between subjective cognitive complaint (SCC) and objective cognitive performance in the patients group, and 3) factors related to cognitive complaint, such as depression, insight, autonomy, and psychological symptoms.

Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2019 and March 2020 enrolled 120 patients with schizophrenia disorders, selected from the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (HPC) - Lebanon and 60 healthy controls.

Self-assessment of social cognition in a sample of Lebanese in-patients with schizophrenia.

Objective: The primary objective was to evaluate social cognitive complaints in a sample of chronic in-patients with schizophrenia and compare it to healthy controls. The secondary objective was to explore factors related to social cognitive complaints in these patients, such as neurocognition, clinical symptoms, depression, and insight.

Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted between July 2019 and March 2020 at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (HPC)-Lebanon enrolled 120 chronic in-patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders and 60 healthy controls.

Impaired P100 among regular cannabis users in response to magnocellular biased visual stimuli.

Regular cannabis using causes vision impairment by affecting human retinal neurotransmission. However, studies less considered its impact on the subsequent visual cortical processing, key feature for the integration of the visual signal in brain. We aimed at investigating this purpose in regular cannabis users using spatial frequencies and temporal frequencies filtered visual stimuli.

Investigation of the neural correlates of mentalizing through the Dynamic Inference Task, a new naturalistic task of social cognition.

Understanding others' intentions requires both the identification of social cues (e.g., emotional facial expressions, gaze direction) and the attribution of a mental state to another.

Neural correlates of semantic ambiguity resolution in paucisymptomatic bipolar disorder patients.

In addition to symptoms specifically related to mood dysregulation, patients with bipolar disorder (BD) show frequent alterations in formal thought organization. A disruption in semantic processing, notably in semantic inhibition, is one of the possible mechanisms that might explain this modified organization. However, to date, little is known about these mechanisms and their underlying neural substrates.

Pregnancy denial: a complex symptom with life context as a trigger? A prospective case-control study.

Objective: To identify risk factors for a woman to experience pregnancy denial.

Design, Setting And Population: A French multicentric prospective case-control study with 71 mother-infant dyads having experienced a pregnancy denial versus a control group of 71 dyads.

Methods: Data were collected in the week after delivery using an observational leaflet and two psychiatric scales (MINI and QSSP).

Child Development and Early Interaction: PERL Research Protocol, a Preventive Home Visiting Program, Randomized Controlled Trial in France.

Early childhood is a key period for reducing the social inequalities that affect health. Some parenting support and home visitation programs have proven to be effective in assisting parents during this period. France's (maternal and child welfare) services (PMIs) are at the heart of this primary prevention and may adapt their intervention to improve parenting support.

General description of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and assessment tools in Lebanon: A scoping review.

Many cognitive functions are affected in schizophrenia patients, particularly memory, attention, motor skills, executive function, and social cognition. Cognitive assessment is one of the best indicators of the functional and social prognosis of schizophrenic patients. In Lebanon, no study has yet examined the assessment of cognitive functions in patients with neurological or psychiatric diseases.

New Technologies as Promising Tools for Assessing Facial Emotion Expressions Impairments in ASD: A Systematic Review.

The ability to recognize and express emotions from facial expressions are essential for successful social interactions. Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) and Facial Emotion Expressions (FEEs), both of which seem to be impaired in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and contribute to socio-communicative difficulties, participate in the diagnostic criteria for ASD. Only a few studies have focused on FEEs processing and the rare behavioral studies of FEEs in ASD have yielded mixed results.

Sex Differences in Recovery-Related Outcomes and Needs for Psychiatric Rehabilitation in People With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder.

Background: Female sex/gender has been associated with better longitudinal outcomes in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). Few studies have investigated the relationships between female gender and recovery-related outcomes. Women's specific psychiatric rehabilitation needs remain largely unknown.

[Early mother-infant care, definition and effectiveness: A review of the literature].

Objective: Professionals agree on the need for early joint mother-baby care, but its effectiveness remains poorly studied. The aim of our work is to propose a review of the literature on this subject.

Methods: We included randomized or non-randomized controlled clinical trials of interventions targeting the mother-baby dyad which can begin during pregnancy or during the first three years of life.

Neural Correlates of Mentalizing in Individuals With Clinical High Risk for Schizophrenia: ALE Meta-Analysis.

Psychotic disorder refers to a spectrum of disorders that have multiple etiologies, due to the complex interaction of biological and genetic vulnerability with familial and cultural factors. A clinical high risk (CHR) for schizophrenia is defined as the presence of brief, attenuated, or intermittent psychotic symptoms in non-schizophrenic individuals. The transition to schizophrenia appears significantly more frequent in this at-risk population than in the general population.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Arabic version of the BACS scale (the brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia) among chronic schizophrenic inpatients.

Background: Assessment of cognitive disorders in schizophrenia is becoming a part of clinical and research practice by using batteries that differ widely in their content. The Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) was developed to cover the main cognitive deficits of schizophrenia. The objective of this study was to assess concurrent validity of the Arabic version of the BACS with a standard neurocognitive battery of tests in Lebanese patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

Validation of the French version of the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test-Revised and comparison with the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test for screening cannabis use disorder in a psychiatric sample.

Introduction: Several questionnaires have been developed for screening cannabis use disorder in clinical populations, but very few studies have compared the screening abilities of the different instruments. Here, we aimed to confirm the psychometric properties of a French version of the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test-Revised (CUDIT-R), and to compare its screening abilities with those of the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST), in subjects consulting in mental health settings.

Methods: Two hundred and thirteen cannabis smokers who sought treatment for any type of mental disorder, recruited in four French centres, completed the French CUDIT-R (CUDIT-R-Fr) and the full version of the CAST, and were assessed for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria of cannabis use disorder by an addiction specialist.

Prevalences and predictive factors of maternal trauma through 18 months after premature birth: A longitudinal, observational and descriptive study.

Posttraumatic reactions are common among mothers of preterm infants and can have a negative influence on their quality of life and lead to interactional difficulties with their baby. Given the possible trajectories of posttraumatic reactions, we hypothesized that prevalences of postpartum posttraumatic reactions at given times underestimate the real amount of mothers experiencing these symptoms within 18 months following delivery. Additionally, we examined whether sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of dyads influence the expression of posttraumatic symptoms among these mothers.

Retinal ganglion cell dysfunction is correlated with disturbed visual cognition in schizophrenia patients with visual hallucinations.

Patients with schizophrenia have altered visual cognition and retinal functions. No studies have explored if retinal anomalies are related to visual cognition and the presence of visual hallucinations (VH). We explored functional responses of the retinal ganglion cells in schizophrenia patients with or without VH and conducted a neuropsychological evaluation to explore the links between cognition and retinal function.

How to project oneself without positive and integrated memories? Exploration of self-defining memories and future projections in bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a disabling disorder with functional impact on everyday life. Recent studies suggest that autobiographical memory impairment may contribute to the maintenance of psychopathology, leading to enduring altered self-construct. Moreover, past personal experiences also support the ability to project oneself into the future to pre-experience an event, this capacity can be modified by psychiatric disorders.

Benefit of long-acting paliperidone in Huntington's disease: a case report.

Through this brief report, we described our clinical considerations about the treatment of motor fluctuations and psychiatric comorbidities in Huntington's disease, for example, aggressiveness and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Indeed, as classical treatment, for example, olanzapine and risperidone, were inefficient to improve motor disorders in our patient, we postulated that motor fluctuations could be influenced by the pharmacokinetic profile of oral risperidone. So, in line with recent practice in schizophrenia, we proposed empirically paliperidone 1-month long-acting injections hypothesized to improve motor fluctuations, treatment so far reserved to Huntington's disease patients who are noncompliant to oral risperidone.

[The evolution of child psychiatry emergencies: Results and reflections from a Nancy University Hospital study].

Introduction: Mental illness is one of the most common causes of disability, morbidity and mortality in childhood. According to the scientific literature, the prevalence of mental health disorders is an estimated 10% to 20% in the USA and similar results are found in France. Although primordial, outpatient care often appears insufficient with inequalities in its geographical distribution and its accessibility.