ZIC1 is a context-dependent medulloblastoma driver in the rhombic lip.

Transcription factors are frequent cancer driver genes, exhibiting noted specificity based on the precise cell of origin. We demonstrate that ZIC1 exhibits loss-of-function (LOF) somatic events in group 4 (G4) medulloblastoma through recurrent point mutations, subchromosomal deletions and mono-allelic epigenetic repression (60% of G4 medulloblastoma). In contrast, highly similar SHH medulloblastoma exhibits distinct and diametrically opposed gain-of-function mutations and copy number gains (20% of SHH medulloblastoma).

Preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate to predict cardiac events in major noncardiac surgery: a secondary analysis of two large international studies.

Background: Optimised use of kidney function information might improve cardiac risk prediction in noncardiac surgery.

Methods: In 35,815 patients from the VISION cohort study and 9219 patients from the POISE-2 trial who were ≥45 yr old and underwent nonurgent inpatient noncardiac surgery, we examined (by age and sex) the association between continuous nonlinear preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the composite of myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery, nonfatal cardiac arrest, or death owing to a cardiac cause within 30 days after surgery. We estimated contributions of predictive information, C-statistic, and net benefit from eGFR and other common patient and surgical characteristics to large multivariable models.

Nuclear Cardiology Surrogate Biomarkers in Clinical Trials.

Nuclear cardiology offers a diverse range of imaging tools that provide valuable insights into myocardial perfusion, inflammation, metabolism, neuroregulation, thrombosis, and microcalcification. These techniques are crucial not only for diagnosing and managing cardiovascular conditions but also for gaining pathophysiologic insights. Surrogate biomarkers in nuclear cardiology, represented by detectable imaging changes, correlate with disease processes or therapeutic responses and can serve as endpoints in clinical trials when they demonstrate a clear link with these processes.

EDENT1FI Master Protocol for screening of presymptomatic early-stage type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents.

Introduction: The identification of type 1 diabetes at an early presymptomatic stage has clinical benefits. These include a reduced risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the clinical manifestation of the disease and a significant reduction in clinical symptoms. The European action for the Diagnosis of Early Non-clinical Type 1 diabetes For disease Interception (EDENT1FI) represents a pioneering effort to advance early detection of type 1 diabetes through public health screening.

Effects of data transformation and model selection on feature importance in microbiome classification data.

Background: Accurate classification of host phenotypes from microbiome data is crucial for advancing microbiome-based therapies, with machine learning offering effective solutions. However, the complexity of the gut microbiome, data sparsity, compositionality, and population-specificity present significant challenges. Microbiome data transformations can alleviate some of the aforementioned challenges, but their usage in machine learning tasks has largely been unexplored.

Controlling enzyme activity by mutagenesis and metal exchange to obtain crystal structures of stable substrate complexes of Class 3 l-asparaginase.

Rhizobium etli is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium that encodes two l-asparaginases. The structure of the inducible R. etli asparaginase ReAV has been recently determined to reveal a protein with no similarity to known enzymes with l-asparaginase activity, but showing a curious resemblance to glutaminases and β-lactamases.

Non-coding RNAs secreted by renal cancer include piR_004153 that promotes migration of mesenchymal stromal cells.

Background: Renal cell cancer (RCC) is the most common and highly malignant subtype of kidney cancer. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are components of tumor microenvironment (TME) that influence RCC progression. The impact of RCC-secreted small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) on TME is largely underexplored.

Application of Ultraviolet-Induced Fluorescence Trichoscopy (UVFT) in Hair and Scalp Diseases.

Introduction: Ultraviolet-induced fluorescence dermoscopy (UVFD) is increasingly utilized in dermatooncology and general dermatology. The objective of the study was to characterize the ultraviolet-induced fluorescence trichoscopy (UVFT) findings in a wide range of hair and scalp conditions.

Methods: Consecutive patients with non-scarring alopecias (alopecia areata, AA, n = 40; androgenetic alopecia, AGA, n = 40), scarring alopecias (frontal fibrosing alopecia, FFA, n = 20; lichen planopilaris, LPP, n = 20; folliculitis decalvans, FD, n = 14; discoid lupus erythematosus, DLE, n = 23), and inflammatory scalp conditions (psoriasis, n = 30; seborrheic dermatitis, n = 14) were included.

Improving groundwater quality predictions in semi-arid regions using ensemble learning models.

Groundwater resources constitute one of the primary sources of freshwater in semi-arid and arid climates. Monitoring the groundwater quality is an essential component of environmental management. In this study, a comprehensive comparison was conducted to analyze the performance of nine ensembles and regular machine learning (ML) methods in predicting two water quality parameters including total dissolved solids (TDS) and pH, in an area with semi-arid climate conditions.

Investigating the link between a layer thickness and surface relief depth in an azo poly(ether imide).

Surface relief grating formation in photo-responsive azo polymers under irradiation is a long-ago-found phenomenon, but all the factors governing its efficiency are still not fully recognized. Here, we report on the enormous impact of the polymer thickness on the possibility of fabrication of extremely high-amplitude surface deformations. We performed prolonged holographic recordings on the layers of the same azobenzene poly(ether imide), which had substantially different optical transmittances at the recording wavelength and revealed that the depths of the inscribed relief structures increased with the polymer thickness from a nondetectable value up to almost 2 µm, unaffected by the presence of a polymer-glass substrate interface in either sample.

Floral morphological and chemical analyses of Dienia flowers (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae) relative to pollination processes.

Dienia is a small, pantropical genus of epidendroid Malaxideae orchids. The floral lip is upwardly directed and does not serve as a landing platform for pollinators. This role has been assumed by sepals and/or gynostemium or whole inflorescence.

Perennial disaster patterns in Central Europe since 2000 and implications for hospital preparedness planning - a cross-sectional analysis.

The goal of this analysis is to describe seasonal disaster patterns in Central Europe in order to raise awareness and improve hospital disaster planning and resilience, particularly during peak events. Hospitals are essential pillars of a country's critical infrastructure, vital for sustaining healthcare services and supporting public well-being-a key issue of national security. Disaster planning for hospitals is crucial to ensure their functionality under special circumstances.

Utilizing UAV and orthophoto data with bathymetric LiDAR in google earth engine for coastal cliff degradation assessment.

This study introduces a novel methodology for estimating and analysing coastal cliff degradation, using machine learning and remote sensing data. Degradation refers to both natural abrasive processes and damage to coastal reinforcement structures caused by natural events. We utilized orthophotos and LiDAR data in green and near-infrared wavelengths to identify zones impacted by storms and extreme weather events that initiated mass movement processes.

The effect of steering axis inclination on the dynamic stability of vehicles with an articulated steering.

The phenomenon of snaking of vehicles can be caused by many factors. It results from the loss of the vehicle's straight-line direction of motion, which is intended by the driver. In this situation, for single-mass vehicles (like automobiles), special systems (braking) are activated, aiming to return the vehicle to the direction intended by the driver.

Ribosomes translocation into the spore of Bacillus subtilis is highly organised and requires peptidoglycan rearrangements.

In the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis transcription and translation are uncoupled and the translational machinery is located at the cell poles. During sporulation, the cell undergoes morphological changes including asymmetric division and chromosome translocation into the forespore. However, the fate of translational machinery during sporulation has not been described.

Cooperative Dynamics and Hydration of Aqueous D-Mannitol and -Inositol.

The cooperative dynamics and hydration of D-mannitol and yo-inositol in aqueous solution at 25 °C were investigated by broad-band dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) for solute concentrations < 0.9M. The recorded spectra, covering the frequency range 0.

ATC-to-RxNorm mappings - A comparison between OHDSI Standardized Vocabularies and UMLS Metathesaurus.

Introduction: The World Health Organization global standard for representing drug data is the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification. However, it does not represent ingredients and other drug properties required by clinical decision support systems. A mapping to a terminology system that contains this information, like RxNorm, may help fill this gap.

The effects of fermentation by different species of lactic acid bacteria on betalains and polyphenol profile and in vitro bioactive potential of red beetroot juice.

In the current study, the effects of fermentation by Lactobacillus acidophilus, Levilactobacillus brevis or Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (La/Lb/Lp, 1-2.5%) and incubation (30/37 °C, C1/C2) of red beetroot juice on the profile of betalains and polyphenols (UHPLC-DAD-MS), and antioxidant capacity using photochemiluminescence (PCL) and spectrophotometric assays (DPPH/ABTS) was investigated. Additionally, anti-glycaemic (anti-AGEs) and anticholinergic (anti-AChE) potential in vitro was analysed.

Monosaccharide composition and degree of acetylation of non-cellulosic cell wall polysaccharides and their relationship to apple firmness.

The firmness of the two apple varieties: Idared and Pinova was similar during ripening, while it decreased significantly during 3-month storage only for Idared. Pectin-rich fractions were isolated from apple flesh tissue: water-soluble pectin (WSP), imidazole-soluble pectin (ISP), and hemicellulose-rich fractions: natively acetylated hemicelluloses (LiCl-DMSO), deacetylated hemicelluloses (KOH). It was shown that the degree of acetylation (DAc) of the hemicelluloses fraction (LiCl-DMSO) increased during apple ripening and storage, with higher values for Idared.

EN ISO 15189 revision: EFLM Committee Accreditation and ISO/CEN standards (C: A/ISO) analysis and general remarks on the changes.

The EN ISO 15189:2022 standard, titled "Medical laboratories - Requirements for quality and competence," is a significant update to the regulations for medical laboratories. The revised standard was published on December 6, 2022, replacing both EN ISO 15189:2012 and EN ISO 22870:2016. Key objectives of the revision include: 1.

Quantification of Citrullinated Histone H3 as a Marker for Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Correlated to Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease whose pathogenesis is not fully understood to date. One of the suggested mechanisms for its development is NETosis, which involves the release of a specific network consisting of chromatin, proteins, and enzymes from neutrophils, stimulating the immune system. One of its markers is citrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit).

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.