Stridulating Species of Aphids of the Genus (Hemiptera: Aphididae) with Descriptions of a New Species from Iran.

In this paper, we present a review of stridulating species of aphids of the Macrosiphini genus (Hemiptera, Aphididae) and include 13 species. The most characteristic feature of the reviewed species is the presence of unusual aphids' peg-like sensilla distributed on the hind tibia, which are rubbed against the surface of the siphunculi. A new aphid species-, living on and (Campanulaceae) in Iran-is described and illustrated based on the apterous and alate viviparous females.

, a New Genus of the Tarsonemid Tribe Pseudotarsonemoidini (Acari: Heterostigmatina) from Mexico.

A new genus for the tribe Pseudotarsonemoidini of the family Tarsonemidae is established in order to accommodate undescribed mites associated with bark beetles in Mexico. The new, monotypic genus , with the type species being diagnostically and phylogenetically closest to the derived - cluster of the Pseudotarsonemoidini, possesses an intermediate position between these two genera. Details of the morphology related to its genus-level affiliation, primarily tibiotarsal I claw and leg setation, are compared in the context of the other genera of the tribe.

Report on the Types and Distribution of Antennal Sensilla in Lygaeidae (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea) and Their Putative Functions.

Antennal sensillar structures respond to a variety of environmental stimuli. In the present study, the antennal sensilla of all three subfamilies of the family Lygaeidae are studied for the first time. This research shows the presence of five main types of sensilla (sensilla trichodea, chaetica, campaniformia, basiconica, and coeloconica).

Vitellogenins Level as a Biomarker of the Honeybee Colony Strength in Urban and Rural Conditions.

The study aimed to verify whether urban beekeeping affects the strength of the honeybee () colonies from urban apiaries and the variability of the crucial for their health and long-life protein-vitellogenins. For this purpose, honeybees were kept in two locations-in a city apiary on a roof in the city center and in agricultural areas. Each of the apiaries consisted of six colonies, with the sister queens artificially inseminated with semen from the same pool of drones.

Myrmecophilous Aphid Species (Hemiptera, Aphididae) Feeding on Mycoheterotrophic (Ericales, Ericaceae).

The paper presents the first report and morphological description of aphids feeding on the mycoheterotrophic plant Wallr. of the family Ericaceae. This is the first known case of aphids feeding on a mycoheterotrophic plant, additionally involved in mutualistic relation with ants (Hymenoptera, Formicinae).

Curcumin Solubility and Bioactivity Enhancement Through Amorphization with Tryptophan via Supercritical Fluid Technology.

Curcumin, a compound known for its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties, faces challenges due to its low water solubility, which can limit its effectiveness. One effective method to address this issue is through amorphization. Incorporating curcumin into a polymeric matrix to form amorphous solid dispersions is a common approach.

Proteins and DNA Sequences Interacting with Tanshinones and Tanshinone Derivatives.

Tanshinones, biologically active diterpene compounds derived from , interact with specific proteins and DNA sequences, influencing signaling pathways in animals and humans. This study highlights tanshinone-protein interactions observed at concentrations achievable in vivo, ensuring greater physiological relevance compared to in vitro studies that often employ supraphysiological ligand levels. Experimental data suggest that while tanshinones interact with multiple proteomic targets, only a few enzymes are significantly affected at biologically relevant concentrations.

Understanding Deep Endometriosis: From Molecular to Neuropsychiatry Dimension.

Endometriosis is a widely spread disease that affects about 8% of the world's female population. This condition may be described as a spread of endometrial tissue apart from the uterine cavity, but this process's pathomechanism is still unsure. Apart from classic endometriosis symptoms, which are pelvic pain, infertility, and bleeding problems, there are neuropsychiatric comorbidities that are usually difficult to diagnose.

MK-8776 and Olaparib Combination Acts Synergistically in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells, Demonstrating Lack of Adverse Effects on Liver Tissues in Ovarian Cancer PDX Model.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells critically depend on PARP1 and CHK1 activation for survival. Combining the PARP inhibitor (PARPi) olaparib with a CHK1 inhibitor (MK-8776, CHK1i) produced a synergistic effect, reducing cell viability and inducing marked oxidative stress and DNA damage, particularly in the HepG2 cells. This dual treatment significantly increased apoptosis markers, including γH2AX and caspase-3/7 activity.

Cell Wall Microdomains Analysis in the Quadrifids of .

Carnivorous plants have fascinated botanists and ecologists with their various unusual adaptations in organ structure, physiology, and complex interactions with other organisms since the time of Charles Darwin. Species of the genus (bladderworts, family Lentibulariaceae) are carnivorous plants that prey mainly on invertebrates using traps (bladders) of leaf origin. In the traps, there are glandular trichomes called quadrifids, which produce digestive enzymes and absorb the products of prey digestion.

Comparative Analysis of Iodine Levels, Biochemical Responses, and Thyroid Gene Expression in Rats Fed Diets with Kale Biofortified with 5,7-Diiodo-8-Quinolinol.

Iodine is a key micronutrient essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormone, which regulates metabolic processes and maintains overall health. Despite its importance, iodine deficiency is a global health issue, leading to disorders such as goiter, hypothyroidism, and developmental abnormalities. Biofortification of crops with iodine is a promising strategy to enhance the dietary iodine intake, providing an alternative to iodized salt.

The Role of Nutrition, Oxidative Stress, and Trace Elements in the Pathophysiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, alongside repetitive behaviors, and atypical sensory-motor patterns. The growing prevalence of ASD has driven substantial advancements in research aimed at understanding its etiology, preventing its onset, and mitigating its impact. This ongoing effort necessitates continuous updates to the body of knowledge and the identification of previously unexplored factors.

Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 and E-Selectin as Potential Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in Psoriasis.

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin are involved in different inflammatory diseases and may be potential cardiovascular risk biomarkers in psoriasis. They play an important role in regulating the recruitment and adhesion to endothelial cells during inflammation, affecting various conditions like vasculitis, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular diseases. Positive outcomes have been observed when using Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors and biological therapies that target selectins to control the functioning of endothelial cells and reduce inflammation in psoriasis and related conditions.

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Tracer for Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping in Endometrial Cancer.

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection has been widely investigated in recent years as a part of the surgical staging of women with endometrial cancer (EC), gradually overtaking lymphadenectomy (LND) in this respect. In this study, thirty EC patients, assumed as stage I, were investigated using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) as a tracer for SLN detection followed by LND. The endpoints of this research were the proportion of successful SLN detection, the average number of SLNs per patient, the percentage of bilaterally detected SLNs, and the proportion of metastatic SLNs.

Expression of , , , , and Genes in Buccal Epithelial Cells from Patients with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH)-A Pilot Study.

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental defect that affects the enamel tissue of permanent teeth. Clinicians may observe a range of opacities in the affected teeth, varying from white to creamy, yellow, and brown. Of particular interest is an etiology of MIH that has not been rigorously elucidated.

Homocysteine Metabolites, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Cardiovascular Disease.

Atherosclerosis is accompanied by inflammation that underlies cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its vascular manifestations, including acute stroke, myocardial infarction, and peripheral artery disease, the leading causes of morbidity/mortality worldwide. The monolayer of endothelial cells formed on the luminal surface of arteries and veins regulates vascular tone and permeability, which supports vascular homeostasis. Endothelial dysfunction, the first step in the development of atherosclerosis, is caused by mechanical and biochemical factors that disrupt vascular homeostasis and induce inflammation.

Methyl Derivatives of Flavone as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Compounds.

Flavones are natural compounds that are broadly distributed in our diet. Their unique properties provide the possibility to control the immune system and the process of inflammation. A high intake of flavonoids, including flavones, may offer protection against reactive oxygen species, inflammation, and chronic diseases.

Involvement of ADAM17-Klotho Crosstalk in High Glucose-Induced Alterations of Podocyte Function.

Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical abnormality in diabetic kidney disease. High glucose (HG) concentrations are associated with the induction of oxidative stress in podocytes, leading to disruption of the glomerular filtration barrier. Our recent study revealed a significant decrease in the membrane-bound fraction of Klotho in podocytes that were cultured under HG conditions.

Circular RNA Formation and Degradation Are Not Directed by Universal Pathways.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of unique transcripts characterized by a covalently closed loop structure, which differentiates them from conventional linear RNAs. The formation of circRNAs occurs co-transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally through a distinct type of splicing known as back-splicing, which involves the formation of a head-to-tail splice junction between a 5' splice donor and an upstream 3' splice acceptor. This process, along with exon skipping, intron retention, cryptic splice site utilization, and lariat-driven intron processing, results in the generation of three main types of circRNAs (exonic, intronic, and exonic-intronic) and their isoforms.

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) in Gastric Cancers, with Special Reference to Gastric Cancer at a Young Age-A Pilot Study in Poland.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. It is a multi-factorial disease influenced by both genetic and environmental factors such as diet, obesity, radiation exposure, and infectious agents. Viral infections usually lead to chronic inflammation, which can initiate the development of cancers.

Intermediates of Hydrogen Peroxide-Assisted Photooxidation of Salicylic Acid: Their Degradation Rates and Ecotoxicological Assessment.

Accelerated photooxidation of salicylic acid (SA) was performed using UV radiation and hydrogen peroxide. HPLC-MS analysis showed that the primary intermediates are 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, pyrocatechol, and phenol. Deeper oxidation leads to low molecular weight aliphatic acids, such as maleic, fumaric, and glyoxylic.

Olaparib Combined with DDR Inhibitors Effectively Prevents EMT and Affects miRNA Regulation in -Mutated Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains a leading cause of gynecologic cancer mortality. Despite advances in treatment, metastatic progression and resistance to standard therapies significantly worsen patient outcomes. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process in metastasis, enabling cancer cells to gain invasive and migratory capabilities, often driven by changing miRNA expression involved in the regulation of pathological processes like drug resistance.

Comparative Efficacy of Melatonin and Brassinolide in Mitigating the Adverse Effects of Cadmium on .

Melatonin (MT) and brassinolide (BL) are phytohormones that regulate various physiological processes in plants. This study investigates their effects on when exposed to cadmium (Cd). Plant hormones were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, while photosynthetic pigments and phytochelatins (PCs) were analyzed through high-performance liquid chromatography.

Transcriptome and Neuroendocrinome Responses to Environmental Stress in the Model and Pest Insect .

The fall armyworm, , is one of the most notorious pest insects, causing damage to more than 350 plant species, and is feared worldwide as an invasive pest species since it exhibits high adaptivity against environmental stress. Here, we therefore investigated its transcriptome responses to four different types of stresses, namely cold, heat, no water and no food. We used brain samples as our interest was in the neuroendocrine responses, while previous studies used whole bodies of larvae or moths.

Synthesis of Resorcinol and Chlorophenol from Irradiation of 1,3-Dichlorobenzene in a Water Ice Environment by Low-Energy Electrons.

Dichlorobenzene is beneficial to industries, however, the release of this compound into the environment causes significant damage to ecosystems and human health, as it exhibits resistance to biodegradation. Here, we show that chlorophenol and resorcinol are synthesized from 1,3-dichlorobenzene in a water ice environment (1) directly on a poly-crystalline gold surface and (2) after low-energy (<12 eV) electron irradiation of admixture films. For the latter, at energies below 5.