2,217 results match your criteria: "Pneumonia Atypical Bacterial"

Necrotising fasciitis (NF) is a severe, rapidly progressing infection of the muscular fascia and subcutaneous tissue. Monomicrobial NF from hypermucoviscous (hvKP-NF) is rare but highly virulent, most common in East Asia. This report reviews a unique case of hvKP-NF in a US male in his 40s with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus, presenting with severe sepsis, neck swelling and calf pain.

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Article Synopsis
  • Pediatric pneumonia diagnoses are tricky due to overlapping symptoms with other respiratory issues, subjective radiograph interpretations, and non-diagnostic lab results.
  • The study analyzed children aged 3 months to 16 years in Canadian EDs before COVID-19, focusing on how accurately physicians could classify pneumonia types using an expert panel for consensus diagnosis.
  • Findings showed a significant mismatch between physicians’ diagnoses and consensus results, with over-diagnosis of typical bacterial pneumonia and recommendations for specific clinical and lab indicators to better identify bacterial cases.
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Background: Gram-positive opportunistic bacteria of the species are responsible for a large spectrum of infections, such as pneumonia, skin infections, and more widespread conditions, including brain abscesses.

Case Description: A 67-year-old male patient suffered from headache, gait disorder, and vertigo for a week before admission to our department. An enhanced magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed a mediosagittal hyperintense infratentorial lesion with concomitant compression of the fourth ventricle.

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Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rapidly progressing condition with a high mortality rate. The poor prognosis is often due to delayed diagnosis, which is typically made clinically or radiologically. This case report highlights a rare instance of fulminant NF with an atypical presentation-no initial clinical signs and an unusual radiological appearance.

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Background: Nocardiosis is an opportunistic infection that has a low prevalence rate, its clinical manifestations are atypical and can be easily misdiagnosed as other diseases. The correct diagnosis and treatment are frequently delayed by various factors. In this case report, we present a pediatric patient with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders who developed Nocardia farcinica pneumonia complicated by pneumocystis jiroveci infection.

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Article Synopsis
  • Atypical bacterial pathogens can cause significant lung damage, but current diagnostic tests are not completely reliable, prompting the use of molecular techniques for detection.
  • This study aimed to assess the presence of these atypical bacteria in paediatric patients by analyzing 609 clinical samples from March 2021 to February 2024.
  • Results showed that 22.82% of patients had atypical organisms, with higher prevalence in neonates, and the presence of these bacteria tends to rise during warmer months; factors like prematurity and low weight were linked to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
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Diagnosis and treatment experience of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: A multicenter retrospective study in China.

BMC Infect Dis

November 2024

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Article Synopsis
  • Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia cases are rising and can lead to severe respiratory issues, complicating diagnosis due to ineffective detection methods.
  • A study of 61 pneumonia cases in China classified them into severe and non-severe groups to analyze differences in symptoms, lab results, and treatment.
  • Results indicated fever as a key symptom, with elevated CRP and PCT levels being notable, while doxycycline is identified as the preferred treatment for severe cases.
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We present a case of a 60-year-old woman who developed invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) meningitis following a COVID-19 infection, complicated by multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS). Initially diagnosed with COVID-19 based on fever, nasal obstruction, cough, and sore throat, her symptoms improved with symptomatic treatment, except for a persistent sore throat. She later presented with hematemesis and was found to have bacterial pneumonia and dehydration.

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Background: The typical clinical symptoms of psittacosis pneumonia include fever, dry cough, and chills. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is a relatively uncommon condition in pneumonia caused by Chlamydia psittaci. In this study, we reported a rare case of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia presented as hearing loss.

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: not a typical respiratory pathogen.

J Med Microbiol

October 2024

Microbiology and Infection Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff. CF5 2YB, UK.

is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia among school-aged children and young adults. Infections occur throughout the year but tend to surge during winter months across Europe. A characteristic epidemic cycle, where a substantial surge in the number of infections occurs, is seen approximately every 1-4 years and hypothesized to be driven by changes in immunity and a shift in circulating variants.

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Background: Co-infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae presents a significant concern in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19), increasing the risk of severe disease progression. Hypervirulent (hv) and hypermucoviscous (hm) K. pneumoniae (Kp) has gained prominence in Asia due to its capacity to cause invasive community-acquired infections.

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Foreign body (FB) aspiration is a life-threatening medical emergency that usually presents with a history of choking episodes, followed by cough and shortness of breath. However, when the signs and symptoms are subtle, they can be easily missed by the parents or the child, causing delays in the diagnosis and management, suspecting other respiratory illnesses. Here, we report an eight years old neurologically stable girl without a history of choking episodes, with only subtle respiratory symptoms, with a candy wrapper stuck in the left bronchus missed by X-ray and computer tomography (CT)- scan of the chest and diagnosed and removed by flexible bronchoscopy.

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A 63-year-old Japanese female presented with fever. Computed tomography showed multiple nodules in both lungs. Corticosteroids and antibiotics were administered to treat suspected organizing and bacterial pneumonia, resulting in no improvement and respiratory failure worsened.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focused on understanding the causes and severity of pneumonia in children by analyzing their blood RNA to find specific gene expressions linked to different microbial infections.
  • Researchers examined 222 hospitalized children with pneumonia and identified 11 genes that help differentiate between viral and bacterial infections, as well as 16 genes that distinguish between typical and atypical bacterial strains.
  • The findings reveal 19 genes related to pneumonia severity, suggesting that these genetic markers could enhance future diagnostic and prognostic methods for childhood pneumonia.
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  • The text discusses an intracellular bacteria that causes Legionnaires' disease by replicating inside human alveolar macrophages, using a special secretion system to manipulate host cell processes.
  • Researchers utilized transposon insertion sequencing to identify specific genes critical for the bacteria's survival and replication in mouse models, which validated previously known genes and revealed new ones important for infection.
  • Among the newly identified genes, a cluster was noted for encoding enzymes and transporters, highlighting the bacteria's adaptations to thrive in the challenging environment within host cells.
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A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial of placebo versus macrolide antibiotics for Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children with community-acquired pneumonia: trial protocol for the MYTHIC Study.

Trials

October 2024

Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, Zurich, CH-8032, Switzerland.

Article Synopsis
  • * The MYTHIC Study is designed as a rigorous trial involving 13 Swiss pediatric centers, comparing macrolide treatment to placebo in children aged 3-17 diagnosed with pneumonia, using precise tests to confirm M. pneumoniae infection.
  • * The main goals are to assess the time to stabilize vital signs and determine any changes in patient care within 28 days, with an aim to show that the placebo is not significantly less effective than macrolide treatment in managing this infection.
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(S. ) is a rare, multi-drug-resistant opportunistic bacteria that typically causes serious infections in immunocompromised and hospitalized patients, often leading to fatal pneumonia or bacteremia. We present the case of a healthy 15-year-old immunocompetent female who developed severe oral ulcers due to following a recent COVID-19 infection.

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Atypical pneumonia caused by Chlamydia abortus in HIV patient: a case report.

BMC Pulm Med

September 2024

Department II of Infectious Diseases, Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou Sixth People's Hospital, Hengbu Street No. 2, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China.

Article Synopsis
  • - A case study discusses a rare instance of Chlamydia abortus causing atypical pneumonia in a 48-year-old man with HIV.
  • - The patient exhibited high fever and pneumonia symptoms, prompting testing that revealed the unusual pathogen through targeted sequencing.
  • - This report is significant as it is the first documented case of Chlamydia abortus infection resulting in pneumonia in someone with AIDS.
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Chromosome segregation in bacteria is a critical process ensuring that each daughter cell receives an accurate copy of the genetic material during cell division. Active segregation factors, such as the ParABS system or SMC complexes, are usually essential for this process, but they are surprisingly dispensable in . Rather, chromosome segregation in relies on the protein Regulator of Chromosome Segregation (RocS), although the molecular mechanisms involved remain elusive.

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Atypical pneumonia (Review).

Exp Ther Med

November 2024

Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.

Article Synopsis
  • Antibiotic treatment typically avoids β-lactams and uses macrolides, tetracyclines, quinolones, and ketolides due to their effectiveness against intracellular pathogens, though rising antibiotic resistance complicates treatment.
  • The prevalence of atypical pneumonia is notable globally, particularly in young adults and outpatient settings, and can lead to severe health complications, including multi-organ damage and increased mortality rates.
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Article Synopsis
  • The review highlights the re-emergence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a bacterium linked to atypical pneumonia, particularly in Europe and Asia, driven by factors like climate change and antibiotic resistance.
  • It discusses how the COVID-19 pandemic initially lowered M. pneumoniae cases, but its return suggests changes in transmission dynamics and increased severity due to co-infections with other viruses.
  • The document also emphasizes the need for effective management through surveillance, treatment options like antibiotics and immunomodulators, and lessons learned from COVID-19, such as hygiene practices to mitigate future outbreaks.
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[Respiratory-Mucous Syndrome Secondary to Chlamydophila pneumoniae Infection: A Case Report].

Rev Med Chil

December 2023

Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.

Mucocutaneous diseases associated with systemic symptoms are varied. Since 2014, mucocutaneous syndromes, associated with atypical bacterial infections, have been described as specific entities. Most of them by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and up to 10 percent by Chlamydophila pneumoniae.

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The accidental human pathogen Legionella pneumophila (Lp) is the etiological agent for a severe atypical pneumonia known as Legionnaires' disease. In human infections and animal models of disease alveolar macrophages are the primary cellular niche that supports bacterial replication within a unique intracellular membrane-bound organelle. The Dot/Icm apparatus-a type IV secretion system that translocates ~300 bacterial proteins within the cytosol of the infected cell-is a central virulence factor required for intracellular growth.

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