13,487 results match your criteria: "Pneumonia Aspiration"

Background: Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a systemic non-inflammatory disorder characterized by enthesopathy and osteophyte formation. DISH can also cause several other symptoms. Limited range of motion (ROM) is the most common symptom; however, dysphagia and respiratory distress are clinically important symptoms.

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Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a common issue in children, particularly boys, and can be life-threatening. Early removal of the foreign body (FB) leads to recovery, but delayed diagnosis may cause complications such as granuloma, recurrent pneumonia, and atelectasis. This condition often results from a child's curiosity, with factors such as inadequate swallowing reflex and activity during eating contributing to the risk.

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Background: Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is a common complication in the intensive care unit (ICU), which is associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality and has a significant impact on patient prognosis. Antibiotics are commonly used in the clinical treatment of AP. However, the prognostic impact of antibiotics on patients with AP has not been adequately characterized.

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Background: The feasibility and outcomes of salvage endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and ESD for metachronous esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) inside the irradiated field are not clear.

Aims: To explore the viability of ESD for ESCC in areas previously exposed to radiation, identify elements hindering successful ESD, assess prognosis, and elucidate considerations for follow-up.

Methods: Patients with ESCC who underwent salvage ESD or ESD for metachronous ESCC within the previously irradiated field at Kanagawa Cancer Center between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2023, were retrospectively investigated to evaluate patient and lesion characteristics and short- and long-term outcomes.

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Background: GLP-1 receptor agonists are used for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, but safety concerns have been raised for users undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy, regarding retained food and aspiration events.

Aims: We aim to compare the risk of complications for GLP-1 users and non-users undergoing endoscopy.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO Registration: CRD42024556732).

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Objective: To describe indications for and demonstrate the technique to perform a transtracheal aspirate in horses. Transtracheal aspirate is indicated to collect samples for cytology and bacteriologic culture in cases of suspected pneumonia or other lower respiratory tract disease.

Animals: 1 healthy university-owned horse was used for demonstration purposes.

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Swallowing Assessment in a Pediatric Case of Allan-Herndon-Dudley Syndrome (MCT8 Deficiency): Advanced Insights into Dysphagia via Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES).

Neuropediatrics

December 2024

Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, KJF Klinik Josefinum gGmbH, Augsburg, Germany.

Patients with MCT8 deficiency often present with underweight and are prone to frequent pulmonary infections, including aspiration pneumonia. Despite commonly reported swallowing difficulties in this population, specific dysphagia symptoms have not been well-documented. We conducted a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) on a young boy diagnosed with MCT8 deficiency, who exhibited recurrent pulmonary infections and failed to achieve substantial weight gain despite an oral energy intake appropriate for his age and height.

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Mortality Trends and Causes of Death in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Patients From the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Muscle Nerve

December 2024

Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Introduction/aim: Patients with myotonic dystrophy type1 (DM1) have reduced lifespan. This study aimed to quantify mortality risks, and evaluate causes and time trends in DM1.

Methods: We identified 1021 DM1 patients and 15,104 matched DM1-free controls from the United Kingdom (UK) Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

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Background: Up to 80% of stroke patients suffer from dysphagia. It is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs due to aspiration, pneumonia, and malnutrition, which represent a significant burden to stroke survivors, their relatives, and the healthcare system. Early recognition and management of post-stroke dysphagia is key to reducing its complications and enhancing patients' quality of life.

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A 76-year-old man presented after aspiration of a crown during dental treatment. He had no immediate symptoms;therefore, the crown was not thoroughly examined at the time of the event. The patient developed high fever and chest pain and sought medical attention, 9 months later.

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[Pneumonia due to silent aspiration: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge].

Pneumologie

December 2024

EVK Hattingen, Praxis für Logopädie, Hattingen, Deutschland.

Aspiration pneumonia (AP) may present as gross aspiration of large gastric contents or as a consequence of silent aspiration of contaminated oropharyngeal secretions.AP due to silent aspiration is caused by dysphagia and, in some instances, impaired cough reflex. Factors favouring the development of pneumonia include advanced age as well as severe comorbidity and impaired functional status.

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Background: Limited data exist on the reliability, efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided transbronchial cryobiopsy for suspicious mediastinal and hilar lesions. This study shares findings from implementing this method and compares the results with those of the standard endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA).

Methods: Patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy for mediastinal or hilar lesions in four Swiss centres were included.

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Early Neuro-Deterioration and Mortality Among Neurology Inpatients in a Zambian Referral Hospital: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Neurology

January 2025

From the Department of Neurology (M.L.P.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; University Teaching Hospital (K.K., M.K.), Lusaka, Zambia; Department of Neurology (V.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (K.M., M.B., M. Chilando, M.L., D.N., D.M., C.N., J.M., F.S., L.Y., M.A., S.B., L.C., M. Chomba, S.Z., N.M., D.R.S.), University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka; University of Miami School of Medicine (G.P., H.P.), FL; Queen's University (A.P.), Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Neurology (D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Objectives: Neurocritical illnesses occur disproportionately in countries with limited health care capacity. Identifying risk factors of reversible neurodeterioration may improve care in resource-limited settings. We investigated whether early neurodeterioration (END) predicted inpatient mortality at a resource-limited Zambian hospital.

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Low thoracic skeletal mass index, a novel marker to predict recurrence of aspiration pneumonia in the elderly stroke patients.

PLoS One

December 2024

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to determine if the thoracic skeletal muscle mass index at the time of aspiration pneumonia diagnosis can predict the recurrence of pneumonia in stroke patients.
  • Researchers analyzed data from 268 stroke patients with dysphagia who developed aspiration pneumonia between January 2014 and July 2020, measuring muscle volume using computed tomography scans.
  • Findings indicated that lower thoracic muscle index and older age significantly increased the likelihood of aspiration pneumonia recurrence, highlighting the importance of muscle mass in these patients.
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Prevalence and features of hypervirulent in respiratory specimens at a US hospital system.

Infect Immun

December 2024

Center for Innovative Antimicrobial Therapy, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) strains, once thought rare in the U.S., are being increasingly reported, with a study analyzing 273 respiratory isolates from patients in Western Pennsylvania between 2020 and 2022.
  • Among these, 13 (4.8%) tested positive for hypervirulent traits, with 2 strains (0.7%) confirmed to carry specific virulence genes, suggesting they can cause severe infections in the community.
  • Experiments showed these hvKp strains caused significant pneumonia in mice, indicating their potential to circulate in North America and cause severe community-associated infections.
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Dysphagia in progressive supranuclear palsy: A scoping review.

Clin Park Relat Disord

November 2024

Department of Clinical Speech and Language Studies, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Introduction: One of the most prevalent types of atypical parkinsonian syndrome is progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). PSP is associated with early onset of dysphagia which can result in malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia, affecting quality of life and increasing mortality rate. To date, research describing dysphagia in PSP and its impact is scant.

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Comprehensive review of dysphagia and technological advances in dysphagia food.

Food Res Int

January 2025

School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Grain Industry (Comprehensive Utilization of Edible by-products), Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China.. Electronic address:

As the global population ages, dysphagia is becoming increasingly common among the elderly, posing serious risks such as choking, aspiration pneumonia, and even death. Leveraging advanced technologies to develop specialized food products for those with dysphagia not only serves the economic interests of the elderly food market but also significantly enhances the nutritional health and social satisfaction of this demographic. This review examines the causes and early symptoms of dysphagia, the development of texture-modified foods (TMFs), and the relevant regulations and standards.

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Safety of open airway reconstruction in high-risk post-COVID patients: A case-matched control study.

Am J Otolaryngol

December 2024

Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Objectives: COVID-19 pneumonia patients may have high rates of intubation and reduced pulmonary function once recovered. Poor pulmonary function is a relative contraindication to open airway reconstruction, post-COVID patients may extrapolate as high-risk for open airway reconstruction. This presents challenges in airway stenosis management of post-COVID pneumonia patients.

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Polyvinylalcohol-carbazate mitigates acute lung injury caused by hydrochloric acid.

Front Pharmacol

November 2024

Experimental Asthma and Allergy Research Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are important causes of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Gastric contents aspiration is one of the most common causes of ALI/ARDS. To date, there are still no specific and effective pharmacological treatments for ALI/ARDS.

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A 7-month-old girl had been suffering from progressively deteriorating pneumonia despite getting multiple courses of broad-spectrum antibiotics as well as anti-fungal drugs for adequate duration. To find out the cause behind this deterioration, the patient underwent thorough clinical and relevant laboratory evaluation including chest radiology & imaging, screening for primary immune deficiency disorders (PID), cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis, invasive fungal pneumonia, congenital heart disease, covid pneumonia, TORCH etc. but failed to solve the mystery.

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Preoperative gastric retention in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

World J Gastrointest Surg

November 2024

Liver Centre, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, QMUL, London E1 2AD, United Kingdom.

We comment on the article by Jia , in the . We focus mainly on the factors that impair gastric motility and cause gastric retention in the pre-operative setting of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). ERCP is a complex endoscopic therapeutic procedure, which demands great skill from the endoscopist but also has recognized complications.

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Article Synopsis
  • On January 1, 2024, a severe earthquake (intensity 7) hit the Noto Peninsula in Japan, leading to many injuries and displacements.
  • The region has a high elderly population, with nearly half (49.5%) of its residents aged 65 and older.
  • The case study examines a 68-year-old woman who developed aspiration pneumonia while at a welfare shelter, underscoring the difficulties in providing chronic medical care for elderly individuals during disasters.
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Efficacy of enhanced dysphagia assessment and dietary intervention in post-stroke dysphagia patients: a randomized controlled study.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

December 2024

Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang City, 050000, Hebei Province, China.

Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of an enhanced dysphagia assessment method combined with dietary interventions for patients experiencing dysphagia post-stroke.

Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted with 98 hospitalized post-stroke patients suffering from dysphagia. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups: the study group (receiving enhanced dysphagia assessment and dietary interventions) and the control group (receiving standard nursing care), using a computer-generated randomization list.

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Short- and long-term pathologic responses to quartz are induced by nearly free silanols formed during crystal fracturing.

Part Fibre Toxicol

December 2024

Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.

Article Synopsis
  • - The inhalation of respirable crystalline silica, particularly quartz, is linked to serious health issues like lung inflammation, fibrosis, cancer, and autoimmune diseases, with nearly free silanols (NFS) from fractured quartz being key players in this toxicity.
  • - Experiments on mice showed that exposure to NFS-rich quartz caused significant acute and long-term inflammatory responses, fibrosis, cancer, and autoimmune signs, while NFS-poor quartz showed no such effects.
  • - The study highlights that NFS-rich quartz specifically triggers harmful biological responses, including increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, lung fibrosis markers, tumors, and autoantibodies, underscoring its health risks compared to less reactive quartz forms.
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