The Relationship of Pain Intensity, Perceived Injustice, and Pain Catastrophizing to Heart Rate Variability In Naturally Occurring Acute Pain.

Objectives: Behavioral factors of pain catastrophizing and perceived injustice are associated with pain intensity in chronic pain. Diminished heart rate variability (HRV) is also strongly associated with chronic pain. These factors have been less explored earlier in the pain experience and it is unclear whether they play a role in the transition from acute to chronic pain.

Long-term circatidal rhythms of heart rate, gill ventilation, and locomotion in the American horseshoe crab, (Arthropoda: Chelicerata: Merostomata: Limulidae).

While several marine species exhibit biological rhythms of heart rate, gill ventilation, or locomotion, the relationship between these three measures in any species remains unexplored. The American horseshoe crab, , Linnaeus, 1758, expresses circalunidian locomotor rhythms and circadian eye sensitivity rhythms but it is not clear if either heart and ventilation rates are controlled on a circadian or circatidal basis or the nature of the relationship between these three measures. The goal of this study was to determine the extent to which the heart and ventilation rates of are coordinated with its endogenous rhythms of locomotion.

Range-wide salamander densities reveal a key component of terrestrial vertebrate biomass in eastern North American forests.

Characterizing the population density of species is a central interest in ecology. Eastern North America is the global hotspot for biodiversity of plethodontid salamanders, an inconspicuous component of terrestrial vertebrate communities, and among the most widespread is the eastern red-backed salamander, . Previous work suggests population densities are high with significant geographic variation, but comparisons among locations are challenged by lack of standardization of methods and failure to accommodate imperfect detection.

Transference of outdoor gait-training to treadmill running biomechanics and strength measures: A randomized controlled trial.

Outdoor gait-training has been successful in improving pain and reducing contact time during outdoor running for runners with exercise-related lower leg pain (ERLLP). However, it is unclear if these adaptations translate to gold standard treadmill running and clinical strength assessments. The study purpose was to assess the influence of a 4-week outdoor gait-training intervention with home exercises (FBHE) on treadmill running biomechanics and lower extremity strength compared to home exercises alone (HE) among runners with ERLLP.

Reflections on Several Landmark Advances in Circadian Biology.

Circadian Biology intersects with diverse scientific domains, intricately woven into the fabric of organismal physiology and behavior. The rhythmic orchestration of life by the circadian clock serves as a focal point for researchers across disciplines. This retrospective examination delves into several of the scientific milestones that have fundamentally shaped our contemporary understanding of circadian rhythms.

Timely Questions Emerging in Chronobiology: The Circadian Clock Keeps on Ticking.

Chronobiology investigations have revealed much about cellular and physiological clockworks but we are far from having a complete mechanistic understanding of the physiological and ecological implications. Here we present some unresolved questions in circadian biology research as posed by the editorial staff and guest contributors to the Journal of Circadian Rhythms. This collection of ideas is not meant to be comprehensive but does reveal the breadth of our observations on emerging trends in chronobiology and circadian biology.

From the Flight Deck to the Bedside: Core Aviation Concepts Applied to Acute Care Physical Therapist Practice and Education.

The health care industry has sought to reduce errors and patient harm by drawing upon human factors research developed largely in the aviation industry. However, literature that explicitly applies human factors concepts to physical therapist practice is scarce. Therefore, this clinical perspective highlights the key concepts in aviation safety and training that should be considered for application to physical therapist education and practice in the acute care setting, including the law of primacy, pilot in command, crew resource management, situational awareness, the instrument scan, currency versus proficiency, the advanced qualification program, and the use of checklists.

The evolution of Ericaceae flowers and their pollination syndromes at a global scale.

Premise: Floral evolution in large clades is difficult to study not only because of the number of species involved, but also because they often are geographically widespread and include a diversity of outcrossing pollination systems. The cosmopolitan blueberry family (Ericaceae) is one such example, most notably pollinated by bees and multiple clades of nectarivorous birds.

Methods: We combined data on floral traits, pollination ecology, and geography with a comprehensive phylogeny to examine the structuring of floral diversity across pollination systems and continents.

Feasibility of a Bullying Bystander Intervention (STAC) Parent Module for Rural Schools.

The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of parent training designed as a companion module to a bullying bystander intervention (STAC) for middle school students in rural communities. Parents ( = 23) invited from three rural middle schools viewed a parent training and completed measures to assess limited efficacy through immediate program outcomes (e.g.

Characterizing Hox genes in mayflies (Ephemeroptera), with Hexagenia limbata as a new mayfly model.

Background: Hox genes are key regulators of appendage development in the insect body plan. The body plan of mayfly (Ephemeroptera) nymphs differs due to the presence of abdominal appendages called gills. Despite mayflies' phylogenetic position in Paleoptera and novel morphology amongst insects, little is known of their developmental genetics, such as the appendage-regulating Hox genes.

COVID-19: Implications for Physical Activity, Health Disparities, and Health Equity.

Physical activity is one of the most efficacious pathways to promoting mental and physical health, preventing disease, and, most important during the COVID-19 pandemic, bolstering a stronger immune system. Efforts to "flatten the curve" have resulted in the temporary closure of exercise facilities and gyms, suspension of sport activities, and advisories to avoid public recreational spaces. All of these changes have made traditional opportunities to be physically active difficult to access.

The How and the Why of Including Children: Experiential Learning in Teaching Physical Therapist Students.

Purpose: This study describes experiential learning (EL) activities with children and the rationale for using EL. Experiential learning with children in entry-level doctor of physical therapy (DPT) education has not been described.

Methods: Eighteen pediatric educators from accredited DPT programs participated in semistructured, in-depth interviews.

The effects of a respiratory training mask on steady-state oxygen consumption at rest and during exercise.

No studies have directly measured ventilatory and metabolic responses while wearing a respiratory training mask (RTM) at rest and during exercise. Eleven aerobically fit adults (age: 21 ± 1 years) completed a randomized cross-over study while wearing an RTM or control mask during cycling at 50% Wmax. An RTM was retrofitted with a gas collection tube and set to the manufacturer's "altitude resistance" setting of 6,000 ft (1,800 m).

Emotional Response and Behavioral Coping Associated with Experienced and Media Discrimination Among Asians and Asian Americans in the United States.

This paper examined how sources (experienced and media) and forms (overt and subtle) of discrimination were associated with emotional response and behavioral coping among Asians and Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected in June 2020 from 249 Asian and Asian American adults living in 20 U.S.

Experiential Learning in Pediatric Physical Therapist Education: Challenges and Facilitators.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct an in-depth investigation of physical therapist educators' challenges to and facilitators of the use of experiential learning (EL) with children. Although EL with children has been called an essential component of doctor of physical therapy (DPT) education, variability in the amount of EL used among DPT programs indicates that educators may experience different challenges and facilitators of the use of EL.

Methods: Eighteen pediatric DPT educators participated in a semistructured interview.

Buteyko method for people with asthma: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Buteyko method is recommended as a non-pharmacological treatment for people with asthma. Although the worldwide interest in the Buteyko method, there is a paucity of studies gathering evidence to support its use. Therefore, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of the Buteyko method in children and adults with asthma.

RESNA position on the application of dynamic seating.

Dynamic Seating is an intervention used as a part of a manual or power wheelchair to provide movement against resistance in response to client force. This technology can be used for various clinical applications including preventing client injury and equipment breakage; dissipating extensor forces; providing movement for sensory input, calming, and increased alertness; increasing muscle strength, trunk and head control; and other medical benefits. The purpose of this RESNA Position Paper is to provide a definition for this technology in relation to other seating and wheeled mobility technologies as well as present clinical indicators for this seating intervention including literature to substantiate these claims.

Optimizing Feedback Frequency in Motor Learning: Self-Controlled and Moderate Frequency KR Enhance Skill Acquisition.

The purpose of this study was to compare the relative effects of self-controlled knowledge of results (SCKR) to other KR schedules of varying relative frequency (25%, 50%, and 100% of acquisition trials) on motor skill learning. Participants received basic instructions on the soccer overhead throw and then performed 50 acquisition trials, during which KR was provided according to the assigned schedule, followed by a retention test, during which no KR was provided. Retention scores were highest for the SCKR and 50% KR frequency groups who shared comparable absolute KR frequency and distribution relative to successful versus unsuccessful trials.

Investigating the Relationship between Resident Physician Implicit Bias and Language Use during a Clinical Encounter with Hispanic Patients.

Prior research suggests that the implicit biases of physicians are negatively associated with quality of medical care and patient satisfaction among minority patients. However, relatively little is known about how physicians express these subtle forms of bias in patient interactions. This study examined the implicit and explicit anti-Hispanic biases of 53 resident physicians and the relationship between anti-Hispanic bias and language use during outpatient medical appointments with 291 Hispanic patients.

Experiential Learning in Pediatric Physical Therapist Education: Faculty and Student Perceptions.

Subjects: Faculty teaching pediatric content in accredited doctor of physical therapy programs was recruited; 106 responded. Students representing 20 participating programs were also invited to participate; 23 responded.

Methods: Participants received an online questionnaire including closed- and open-ended questions regarding EL with children.

The Test-Retest Reliability of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Short Form in Youth with Down Syndrome-A Pilot Study.

Background: It is unclear whether assessments of motor proficiency are reliable for individuals with Down syndrome. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Short Form (BOT-2 SF) in youth with Down syndrome.

Methods: Ten youth (ages 13.

The environmental context of inducible HSP70 expression in Eastern Brook Trout.

Much research has focused on the population-level effects of climate change on Eastern Brook Trout (). While some studies have considered here sub-lethal stress caused by warming waters, the role of multiple, interacting stressors remains largely unexplored. We used inducible heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) as a molecular biomarker to assess response of Eastern Brook Trout in headwater streams to multiple potential stressors, including temperature.

Growth and Maintenance of Escherichia coli Laboratory Strains.

Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacterium, commonly used in both teaching and research laboratories. This article includes protocols for the growth and maintenance of E. coli in any teaching- or research-associated laboratory.