Associations Between Big-5 Personality Traits, Cognitive Ability, and Climate Beliefs and Behaviours: Results From a Longitudinal UK Birth Cohort.

Anthropogenic climate change is an existential threat to both humans and wider biodiversity. However, cumulatively, individuals' actions can help to mitigate the impacts of climate change. Understanding the factors which shape individuals' beliefs about climate change, and their environmental behaviours, is therefore crucial.

Metaphorical markers of pain catastrophizing, depression, anxiety, and pain interference in people with chronic pain.

Metaphor to communicate chronic pain can reflect psychological appraisals of pain, and its impact, and may be beneficial in enhancing understanding of pain, its aetiology, and facilitating communication and shared decision-making. This cross-sectional study examined metaphor use and relationships with pain intensity, pain interference, mood, and pain catastrophizing. Seventy participants with chronic pain completed measures of depression, anxiety and stress, the Brief Pain Inventory, and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale.

Care Home Safety Incidents and Safeguarding Reports Relating to Hospital to Care Home Transitions: A Retrospective Content Analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to further the understanding of reported patient safety events at the interface between hospital and care home including what active failings and latent conditions were present and how reporting helped learning.

Methods: Two care home organizations, one in the North East and one in the South West of England, participated in the study. Reports relating to a transition and where a patient safety event had occurred were sought during the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) virus prepandemic and intrapandemic periods.

Methodological considerations in assessing countermovement jumps with handheld accentuated eccentric loading.

This study aimed to compare the agreement between three-dimensional motion capture and vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) in identifying the point of dumbbell (DB) release during a countermovement jump with accentuated eccentric loading (CMJ), and to examine the influence of the vGRF analysis method on the reliability and magnitude of CMJ variables. Twenty participants (10 male, 10 female) completed five maximal effort CMJ at 20% and 30% of body mass (CMJ and CMJ, respectively) using DBs. There was large variability between methods in both loading conditions, as indicated by the wide limits of agreement (CMJ = -0.

Systematic review of types of safety incidents and the processes and systems used for safety incident reporting in care homes.

Aims: To identify the safety incident reporting systems and processes used within care homes to capture staff reports of safety incidents, and the types and characteristics of safety incidents captured by safety incident reporting systems.

Design: Systematic review following PRISMA reporting guidelines.

Methods: Databases were searched January 2023 for studies published after year 2000, written in English, focus on care homes and incident reporting systems.

Exercise referral schemes in the UK: mapping provision and aims.

Background: Exercise Referral Schemes (ERS) are designed so health professionals can refer certain patients to a supervised programme of physical activity. However, evaluations have questioned the effectiveness of these schemes/programmes. The aim of this study was to systematically review the provision of ERS in England and analyse related promotional material.

Understanding how volunteer companionship impacts those during the end of life: A realist evaluation.

Volunteers are a popular unpaid support role in end of life care yet how accompaniment influences the dying is underdeveloped. This study examined how companionship works, for whom, in what circumstances and why. Initial realist ideas were developed through participant observation (14 months), document analysis, and realist interviews with companionship trainers ( = 6).

Characteristics and phenotypes of a COPD cohort from referral hospital clinics in Uganda.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition with varied clinical and pathophysiological characteristics. Although there is increasing evidence that COPD in low-income and middle-income countries may have different clinical characteristics from that in high-income countries, little is known about COPD phenotypes in these settings. We describe the clinical characteristics and risk factor profile of a COPD population in Uganda.

How to facilitate NHS professionals to recognise and use skills gained from global health engagement when back in the UK workforce? A participatory action research project to design, pilot and evaluate a series of online leadership workshops.

Objectives: Leadership knowledge and skills are known to be developed by health professionals during global health experiences overseas. However, volunteers struggle to recognise and use these new skills on return to their workplace. A series of bespoke leadership workshops were designed, delivered and evaluated by leadership experts to help enhance the transferability of leadership skills back to the UK National Health Service.

Visual reconstructions of endometriosis pain: An interdisciplinary visual methodology for illness representation.

Objectives: Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which tissue resembling the endometrium grows outside of the womb, causing severe chronic pain. Research demonstrates the physical, emotional and quality of life impact on people with endometriosis, but pain is reportedly difficult to communicate, resulting in lengthier diagnosis. This work aimed to gain insight into the value of imagery production as a pain communication strategy through a novel synergy of psychological and linguistic/socio-semiotic approaches.

A COM-B and Theoretical Domains Framework Mapping of the Barriers and Facilitators to Effective Communication and Help-Seeking Among People With, or Seeking a Diagnosis Of, Endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which tissue resembling the endometrium grows outside the womb, causing severe chronic pain. People with endometriosis report difficulty in help-seeking and communicating with healthcare professionals, contributing to diagnosis delays and ineffective management. The present study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to effective communication using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and COM-B model to inform behavior change intervention development.

How do new runners maintain their running, and what leads to others stopping? A qualitative, longitudinal study.

Many people who start running do not maintain their behaviour change. We used qualitative, longitudinal methods to explore and interpret the experiences of new runners and answer the question, "What experiences explain how new runners maintain their running or explain why they stop?" We interviewed 20 new runners (all White British, 14 women, 6 men) about their experiences; we interviewed 10 until they stopped running and 10 until they maintained running for 6-12 months (65 interviews in total). We also conducted nine participant observations at a running club, invited external reflections at a running club, and analysed six sets of participant diaries.

Characteristics of self-management support (SMS) interventions and their impact on Quality of Life (QoL) in adults with chronic diseases: An umbrella review of systematic reviews.

Objective: To provide an overview of types and characteristics of self-management support (SMS) interventions in adults with chronic disease and to assess the impact on the patient reported outcome Quality of Life (QoL).

Methods: An umbrella review of systematic reviews was conducted. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library from January 2016 to November 2020 for reviews on SMS interventions for chronic diseases, assessing the impact on the patient reported outcome QoL.

Recommendations from Diabetes UK's 2022 diabetes and physical activity workshop.

Aims: To describe the process and outputs of a workshop convened to identify key priorities for future research in the area of diabetes and physical activity and provide recommendations to researchers and research funders on how best to address them.

Methods: A 1-day research workshop was conducted, bringing together researchers, people living with diabetes, healthcare professionals, and members of staff from Diabetes UK to identify and prioritise recommendations for future research into physical activity and diabetes.

Results: Workshop attendees prioritised four key themes for further research: (i) better understanding of the physiology of exercise in all groups of people: in particular, what patient metabolic characteristics influence or predict the physiological response to physical activity, and the potential role of physical activity in beta cell preservation; (ii) designing physical activity interventions for maximum impact; (iii) promoting sustained physical activity across the life course; (iv) designing physical activity studies for groups with multiple long-term conditions.

Implication of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2023 report for resource-limited settings: tracing the G in the GOLD.

https://bit.ly/3zusjOd

Impact of Initiating Biologics in Patients With Severe Asthma on Long-Term Oral Corticosteroids or Frequent Rescue Steroids (GLITTER): Data From the International Severe Asthma Registry.

Background: Effectiveness of biologics has neither been established in patients with high oral corticosteroid exposure (HOCS) nor been compared with effectiveness of continuing with HOCS alone.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of initiating biologics in a large, real-world cohort of adult patients with severe asthma and HOCS.

Methods: This was a propensity score-matched, prospective cohort study using data from the International Severe Asthma Registry.

What bothers severe asthma patients most? A paired patient-clinician study across seven European countries.

Introduction: Severe asthma is a complex, multidimensional disease. Optimal treatment, adherence and outcomes require shared decision-making, rooted in mutual understanding between patient and clinician. This study used a novel, patient-centred approach to examine the most bothersome aspects of severe asthma to patients, as seen from both perspectives in asthma registries.

Identification of key opportunities for optimising the management of high-risk COPD patients in the UK using the CONQUEST quality standards: an observational longitudinal study.

Background: This study compared management of high-risk COPD patients in the UK to national and international management recommendations and quality standards, including the COllaboratioN on QUality improvement initiative for achieving Excellence in STandards of COPD care (CONQUEST). The primary comparison was in 2019, but trends from 2000 to 2019 were also examined.

Methods: Patients identified in the Optimum Patient Care Research Database were categorised as newly diagnosed (≤12 months after diagnosis), already diagnosed, and potential COPD (smokers having exacerbation-like events).

UK speech and language therapists' assessment of children's expressive language, and functional impairment and impact, following the CATALISE publications.

Background: In 2016/17, the CATALISE Consortium published the results of a multinational and multidisciplinary Delphi consensus study, representing agreement among professionals about the definition and process of identification of children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) (Bishop et al., 2016, 2017). The extent to which the current clinical practice of UK speech and language therapists (SLTs) reflects the CATALISE consensus statements is unknown.

Cooperation and partner choice among Agta hunter-gatherer children: An evolutionary developmental perspective.

Examining development is essential for a full understanding of behaviour, including how individuals acquire traits and how adaptive evolutionary forces shape these processes. The present study explores the development of cooperative behaviour among the Agta, a Filipino hunter-gatherer population. A simple resource allocation game assessing both levels of cooperation (how much children shared) and patterns of partner choice (who they shared with) was played with 179 children between the ages of 3 and 18.

Building for the Future: A Systematic Review of the Effects of Eccentric Resistance Training on Measures of Physical Performance in Youth Athletes.

Background: Eccentric resistance training is recognised as an effective stimulus for enhancing measures of muscular strength and power in adult populations; however, its value in youth athletes is currently not well understood.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to critically appraise the effects of eccentric resistance training on measures of physical performance (i.e.

"I Felt I Was Actually Inside the Movie" An Exploratory Study into Children's Views of Staging a Physically Active Experience, with Implications for Future Interventions.

Current levels of inactivity suggest novel approaches are needed to engage children in physical activity (PA), and enjoyment is a strong motivator for children's PA engagement. A (PAE) was proposed as a way to use entertainment, education, (e)aesthetics and escapist methods to promote PA to children in a way that is immersive and enables them to actively partake whilst enjoying their experience. In this current mixed methods study, three physically active experiences based on popular children's movies were designed and staged, in order to explore children's views on staging a PAE and provide implications for future PA interventions.