Comparative Safety of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To find the safety of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) compared to each other, and/or placebo in the treatment of schizophrenia (SCZ) and/or schizoaffective disorder (SZA).

Methods: We performed a systematic review and a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the safety of LAIs versus other LAIs or placebo in adults diagnosed with SCZ or SZA. The primary outcomes were treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs), serious treatment emergent adverse events (STEAEs), and deaths.

Screws versus plate with screws for osteosynthesis of the posterior malleolus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: fractures involving the posterior malleolus (PM) of the ankle can have significant functional and clinical implications if not properly treated. The optimal treatment approach for these fractures remains uncertain. This review aims to compare the use of cannulated screws versus plate with screw fixation in terms of their impact on the development of postoperative ankle osteoarthritis and functional outcomes in patients with PM fractures.

The safety of BCG revaccination in the context of COVID-19.

The bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is administered in many countries as part of their vaccination schedules. Epidemiologic studies have suggested a possible benefit of this vaccine in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and other respiratory infections. We aimed to assess the safety of this intervention in BCG-primed adults.

Retinal Microvascular Density and Perfusion during an Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia Episode: A Warning Call.

Aim: To evaluate retinal vascular perfusion and density by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) before, during, and after hypoglycemia in individuals with diabetes mellitus with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: A focused clinical history was performed, followed by an ophthalmological examination to document retinopathy status. OCTA was performed at baseline, at hypoglycemia, and at glucose normalization.

[Impact of electronic devices used at an early age on language].

Background: The acquisition of language in infants is largely the result of the process of brain maturation, as well as environmental stimulation. Currently, society is in an era of technology and use of electronic devices from an early age.

Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate if the amount of time of use of electronic devices in children under 5 years of age affects language development.

Benefits of bariatric surgery on microvascular outcomes in adult patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Microvascular diabetes complications impair patients' health-related quality of life. Bariatric surgery (BS) emerged as a compelling treatment that demonstrated to have beneficial effects on patients with diabetes and obesity.

Objective: We aimed to synthesize the benefit of bariatric surgery on microvascular outcomes in adult patients with type 2 diabetes.

Renal functional and cardiovascular outcomes of partial nephrectomy versus radical nephrectomy for renal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the postoperative renal and cardiovascular outcomes of partial nephrectomy (PN) versus radical nephrectomy (RN) for the treatment of renal carcinoma. A systematic literature search was performed on scientific databases including Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and EMBASE from their inception to September 2021. Studies comparing renal and cardiovascular outcomes between PN and RN in patients with renal cancer were included.

Low-Dose ACTH Stimulation Test in Obesity: A Randomized Dose Assessment.

Background: The short cosyntropin test is widely used for adrenal insufficiency screening and diagnosis. Lower cosyntropin doses may have greater sensitivity vs. the standard dose in detecting adrenal dysfunction.

Serological follow up of positive SARS-CoV-2 cases.

Objective: To describe the humoral response in a cohort with mild and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection previ-ously identified in a community-based serological survey.

Materials And Methods: This study was an observational follow up of 193 subjects previously identified with positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies invited for a second test 112 days after the first sampling. All completed a standardized electronic questionnaire.

Intensive vs. conventional blood pressure goals in older patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Assess the effect of intensive vs conventional blood pressure goals on patient-important outcomes in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A comprehensive search was performed using electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials comparing intensive vs conventional blood pressure goals in adults over 60 years of age with type 2 diabetes were included.

Silicone breast implants and connective tissue diseases: How does current evidence add to the no-association consensus? Systematic review and meta-analysis.

To evaluate the current state of the evidence regarding the association of silicone breast implantation with the onset of connective tissue diseases, constitutional symptoms, and rheumatic serological profile in adult women. A comprehensive search was carried out using MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus, from inception to September 2, 2020. Cohort studies assessing the clinical and serological profile of women with cosmetic breast implants were included.

Treatment burden and perceptions of glucose-lowering therapy among people living with diabetes.

Aims: Address treatment burden and general perceptions of pharmacological treatment in patients with diabetes.

Methods: We surveyed adult patients with diabetes cared for in a tertiary academic medical center about: i) knowledge about the impact of glucose-lowering medication use on diabetes control and complications, ii) common beliefs about natural medicine and insulin use, iii) attitudes towards glucose-lowering medications, iv) burden of treatment, v) general knowledge of diabetes pharmacological treatment, and vi) perceptions of shared decision-making.

Results: Two hundred-four participants completed the survey.

Effect of metformin on microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Examine the efficacy of metformin compared to placebo or other glucose-lowering medications on microvascular outcomes in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from database inception to March 2020. We included randomized clinical trials of patients with T2DM receiving metformin compared with another active glucose-lowering treatment or placebo in which a microvascular outcome was assessed.

Outcomes of transitional care programs on adolescent chronic inflammatory systemic diseases: systematic review and meta-analyses.

Background: Patients with juvenile chronic inflammatory systemic diseases (jCID) are vulnerable to many circumstances when transitioning to adult-centered healthcare; this increases the burden of disease and worsen their quality of life.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from inception to March 16, 2021. We included observational, randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies that evaluated a transitional care program for adolescents and young adults with jCIDs.

Adrenal functional reserve in the full spectrum of chronic kidney disease.

Background: Altered cortisol levels have been associated with an increase in mortality and a decrease in health-related quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, adrenal response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test has not been evaluated in patients with stage 3a to 5 CKD with and without renal replacement therapy (RRT).

Objective: To evaluate adrenal function in patients with CKD.

Materials And Methods: Adults with CKD underwent a low-dose cosyntropin stimulation test (1 µg synthetic ACTH), with serum cortisol levels being measured at 0, +30 and +60 minutes post-test.

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Prospective Controlled Study.

Purpose: The association between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and cardiovascular risk, particularly with a TSH <10 µIU/ml, remains controversial. The objective of our study was to assess the association between SCH and cardiovascular risk through carotid intima-media thickness, and alternatively, to evaluate its change after treatment with levothyroxine.

Methods: A total of 54 individuals were included in the study: 18 with SCH; 18 with overt hypothyroidism (OH); and 18 healthy controls (HC).

Value of Patient-Centered Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose Of Review: Present the value of a person-centered approach in diabetes management and review current evidence supporting its practice.

Recent Findings: Early evidence from glycemic control trials in diabetes resulted in most practice guidelines adopting a glucose-centric intensive approach for management of the disease, consistently relying on HbA1c as a marker of metabolic control and success. This paradigm has been recently dispelled by new evidence that shows that intensive glycemic control does not provide a significant benefit regarding patient-important microvascular and macrovascular hard outcomes when compared to moderate glycemic targets.