Technique for areolar reduction areolar-sparing mastectomy.

Achieving satisfactory nipple esthetics following skin-sparing or nipple-sparing mastectomy is an important element of ensuring positive patient outcomes. Several techniques used to reconstruct the nipple-areolar complex have been described in previous literature and have had success in securing good cosmetic outcomes. For patients with macrothelia, surgeons may employ a number of options in reducing nipple size.

Fiber optic laryngoscopy findings in pediatric burn patients referred to the pediatric emergency department.

Introduction: Facial burn injuries can compromise the airways in pediatric patients. Because prompt assessment of airway safety is a must, most assessment algorithms rely mainly on clinical judgment. There is little data on the value or utility of Fiber Optic Laryngoscopy (FOL) as an ancillary test.

Myo-inositol improves developmental competence and reduces oxidative stress in porcine parthenogenetic embryos.

Objective: Myo-inositol (Myo-Ins), the most abundant form of inositol, is an antioxidant and plays a crucial role in the development and reproduction of mammals and humans. However, information elucidating the role of Myo-Ins in porcine embryonic development after parthenogenetic activation (PA) is still lacking. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Myo-Ins on porcine embryos and its underlying mechanisms.

Effects of bladder neck sparing on continence outcomes of robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy: a systemic review and metaanalysis.

Restoration of postoperative urinary continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is affected by diverse factors. We compared the pad-free and positive margin rates of patients who underwent RARP with or without bladder neck sparing (BNS) for prostate cancer. During this systematic review and metaanalysis, we performed an electronic search of the Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PubMed to find original articles comparing RARP with and without BNS for prostate cancer.

Cytological Findings of Cylindroma: Differential Diagnosis and Literature Review.

A cylindroma is a relatively rare tumor classified as a benign tumor with apocrine and eccrine differentiation, mainly occurring on the scalp. While there are some reports on the cytological findings of cylindromas, there are no reports concerning stamp preparation. Here, we report a case of a 60-year-old female who presented with a tumor on the right scalp.

The Surgical Odyssey: A Case Report on Rare Isolated Abdominal Wall Recurrence in an Adult Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumor.

A 50-year-old woman with a history of adult granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) of the right ovary was under follow-up after undergoing several surgeries, including a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. She was initially diagnosed eight years ago and remained disease-free for 52 months. However, she later experienced a recurrence, indicated by elevated inhibin B levels (58 ng/mL) and the presence of peritoneal soft tissue tumors.

Tuberculosis Dactylitis in a Patient With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report.

Tuberculosis (TB) dactylitis of the hand is a rare and challenging pathology, requiring positive bacterial identification through culture or biopsy for diagnosis. Treatment is also challenging, although it typically yields an excellent response to long-term tuberculostatic therapy. We describe a case of osteoarticular tuberculous dactylitis in a 36-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a history of lymphoma.

Assessing ChatGPT's Reliability as an Educational Resource for Information on Breast Reduction Surgery.

Introduction: With advances in AI and machine learning, platforms like OpenAI's ChatGPT are emerging as educational resources. While these platforms offer easy access and user-friendliness due to their personalized conversational responses, concerns about the accuracy and reliability of their information persist. As one of the most common surgical procedures performed by plastic surgeons worldwide, breast reduction surgery (BRS) offers relief for the physical and emotional burdens of large breasts.

Prospects for Use of Botulinum Toxin Type A for Prevention of Hypertrophic and Keloid Scars after Surgeries.

 To evaluate the possibility of improving and preventing the formation of postoperative hypertrophic and keloid scars using botulinum toxin type A (BTA).  Scientific articles published in English have been systematically screened in PubMed/MEDLINE database over the entire period. The following information about the studies was analyzed: first author surname; year of publication; number of patients; average age; scar location; dosage of the drug administered; follow-up duration; scar assessment methods; results, incidence of hypertrophic and keloid scars formation.

A Single Institution Experience With Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction: Impact of Insurance Coverage on Risk Reduction.

Background And Objectives: Immediate lymphatic reconstruction (ILR) performed to prevent breast cancer related lymphedema is not consistently covered by insurance payors in the United States.

Methods: Retrospective review was performed on a prospective database of ILR candidates from 2018 to 2022. Candidates were identified as patients with clinical axillary lymph node involvement at the time of breast cancer diagnosis.

[Expert consensus for full course management of plexiform neurofibroma (2025 edition)].

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by mutations in the NF1 gene, affecting approximately 1 in 3 000 newborns worldwide. Plexiform neurofibroma (PNF) is one of the common clinical manifestations of NF1. PNF can lead to a range of clinical symptoms, with a high rate of disability and teratogenesis; furthermore, there is a risk for malignant transformation that poses significant threats to the life and health of patients.

Free medial sural artery perforator flap for soft tissue defects in the hand: a cadaver study.

We carried out a cadaver study using 10 fresh-frozen adult legs and hands to explore technical feasibility and reproducibility of the free Medial Sural Artery Perforator flap and its applicability for covering soft tissue defects in the hand. A mean of 2 cutaneous perforators (1-4) were found. Each flap had a pedicle composed of a main perforator that arose from the medial sural artery.

Effectiveness and Safety of Micro-Plasma Radiofrequency Treatment Combined With Autologous Chyle Fat Grafting Treatment for Hypertrophic Scars: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a fibroproliferative disorder resulting from abnormal healing of skin tissue after injury. Although various therapies are currently employed in clinical to treat HSs, there is no widely accepted standard therapy. Micro-plasma radiofrequency (MPR) and autologous chyle fat grafting are emerging treatments for this condition, and they have demonstrated promising therapeutic outcomes in clinical applications.

Chest Feminization and Masculinization Surgery: Part Two of the Plastic Surgeon's Perspective of Gender-Affirming Surgery.

Transgender individuals commonly feel significant distress and discomfort, termed gender dysphoria, as a result of the discrepancy between their gender assigned at birth and their gender identity. A major source of gender dysphoria stems from distinct anatomical differences between the male and female chest. Gender-affirming mastectomy of transmasculine patients and breast augmentation for chest feminization of transfeminine patients, also referred to as top surgery, are often the first surgical interventions and most commonly pursued physical modifications for the treatment of gender dysphoria among this patient population.

Development of a unique tissue-engineered in vitro vascular model with endothelial layer-inverted vascular tissue structure using a cell self-aggregation technique.

Vascular-like tissues composed of cells maintaining their shape and structure at any position in a culture dish without the use of gels or other artificial materials are ideal vascular models to test the effects of candidate drugs on cells without adsorption by artificial materials and analysis of structural changes over time. In this study, we aimed to prepare fiber-shaped cell aggregates composed of human umbilical vein endothelial and mesenchymal stem cells as vascular pericytes anchored to the bottom of culture dishes at a defined location using our developed cell self-aggregation technique and dumbbell-shaped culture groove. The fiber-shaped cell aggregates maintained their shape for at least two weeks without rupture, and histological analysis revealed that they formed a unique tissue structure with a gapless endothelial layer on the outer surface and capillary-like structures oriented in the same direction as the long axis of the fiber in the medial side.

Impact of Surgical Timing on Postoperative Complications Following Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Mandibular Fractures.

Purpose: The mandible is the second most fractured facial bone. The timing of open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) has been a subject of debate for decades. The authors sought to investigate the association between the timing of ORIF and the incidence of postoperative complications.

A Combined "Vasculoplastic" Approach to the Vasculopathic Patient Undergoing Limb Salvage: Understanding the Role of Endovascular Revascularization for Lower Extremity Free Tissue Transfer.

Background:  Multidisciplinary care with vascular surgery and plastic surgery is essential for lower extremity free flap (LEFF) success in the chronic wound population with diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. There is a lack of understanding on performing targeted direct endovascular reperfusion on a vessel that will be used as the flap recipient. Our study compares outcomes of patients who received targeted revascularization (TR) to the recipient vessel for LEFF anastomosis versus nontargeted revascularization (NR) of arterial recipients prior to LEFF.

Surgical Reconstruction of the Congenital Absent Earlobe.

Introduction: A simple technique for earlobe reconstruction in a single stage, with satisfactory esthetic results and minimal morbidity.

Cases: Two patients with congenital absent earlobe are presented. In both cases, a bilobed flap comprising skin, subcutaneous tissue, and fat was used to reconstruct the lower border of the earlobe.

Spatiotemporal single-cell roadmap of human skin wound healing.

Wound healing is vital for human health, yet the details of cellular dynamics and coordination in human wound repair remain largely unexplored. To address this, we conducted single-cell multi-omics analyses on human skin wound tissues through inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling phases of wound repair from the same individuals, monitoring the cellular and molecular dynamics of human skin wound healing at an unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. This singular roadmap reveals the cellular architecture of the wound margin and identifies FOSL1 as a critical driver of re-epithelialization.

Do female and male chests feel the same? A comprehensive quantitative sensory analysis.

Introduction: There is growing interest in understanding chest sensory function due to the significant morbidity associated with impaired sensation following nerve injury. While the baseline quantitative sensory and pain thresholds in female and male patients have been studied in various other anatomic areas, there is little knowledge on quantitative sensation at the chest as well as the presence of possible gender differences. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a comprehensive quantitative sensory analysis to determine if female and male chests feel the same.