Anti-arthritic potential of linalool: in vitro, in vivo, and in silico mechanistic insights for safer therapeutic applications.

Linalool (LIN), a monoterpene alcohol from lavender and coriander essential oils, is known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. However, its potential in arthritis management, combining in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies; pharmacokinetics; and toxicity management, remains unexplored. This study investigated LIN's anti-arthritis activity through various approaches: in vitro (egg albumin test), in vivo (terpene oil, formaldehyde-induced, and Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced models), and in silico analyses.

The Monochoria genome provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying floral heteranthery.

Heteranthery, the occurrence of functionally and structurally distinct stamens within a flower, represents a striking example of convergent evolution among diverse animal-pollinated lineages. Although the ecological basis of this somatic polymorphism is understood, the developmental and molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we selected Monochoria elata (Pontederiaceae) as our study system due to its typical heterantherous floral structure.

Assessment of quality in volatile oil from three basic sources of Xinyi from Hubei by anatomy, GC-MS, and chemometric methods.

"Xinyi" (Magnolia biondii Pampan., Magnolia denudata Desr., and Magnolia sprengeri Pampan.

Protocatechuic Acid Protects Mice Against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Improving Lipid Profile.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a general term encompassing many conditions from simple fatty liver to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this research, we aimed to investigate the effect of the antioxidant protocatechuic acid (PCA) in preventing the development of fatty liver induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in male mice.

Methods: Mice (NMRI) were randomly divided into five groups.

The Taihangia mitogenome provides new insights into its adaptation and organelle genome evolution in Rosaceae.

We present the first Taihangia mitogenome, uncovering frequent rearrangements and significant length variation in Rosaceae, likely driven by hybridization and repeat content, alongside widespread mito-chloroplast phylogenetic conflicts. Taihangia, an ancient and endangered monotypic genus within the subfamily Rosoideae of the family Rosaceae, is endemic to cliffs and serves as an ideal material for studying the adaptations of cliff-dwelling plants and the evolutionary processes of the Rosaceae family. In this study, the mitogenome and plastome of T.

A Strategy of Assessing Gene Copy Number Differentiation Between Populations Using Ultra-Fast De Novo Assembly of Next-Generation Sequencing Data.

Gene duplication and loss play pivotal roles in the evolutionary dynamics of genomes, contributing to species phenotypic diversity and adaptation. However, detecting copy number variations (CNVs) in homoploid populations and newly-diverged species using short reads from next-generation sequencing (NGS) with traditional methods can often be challenging due to uneven read coverage caused by variations in GC content and the presence of repetitive sequences. To address these challenges, we developed a novel pipeline, ST4gCNV, which leverages ultra-fast de novo assemblies of NGS data to detect gene-specific CNVs between populations.

Synthesis, docking, pharmacokinetic prediction, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory evaluation of -(2-(piperidine-1-yl)ethyl)benzamide derivatives as potential anti-Alzheimer agents.

Background And Purpose: Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and the sixth most common cause of death in the US according to the Alzheimer's Association. As regards, to date, no effective treatments are available because of the multifactorial nature of the disease, therefore, a large body of recent research has been allocated to the design and development of multi-target-directed ligands that can become effective drug candidates.

Experimental Approach: A novel series of benzamide derivatives (5a-5l) containing piperidine core were synthesized in the current work.

Aquatic plant Myriophyllum spicatum displays contrasting morphological, photosynthetic, and transcriptomic responses between its aquatic and terrestrial morphotypes.

Myriophyllum spicatum, a semi-aquatic plant, can develop heterophylly by forming both submerged and aerial leaves to adapt to water level variations in its habitat. The aerial leaves exhibit shorter and fewer lobes, but thicker cuticle and developed stomata than submerged leaves. The heterophylly exhibited by M.

Dimethyl fumarate effects on paraquat-induced hepatotoxicity in mice via anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities.

Paraquat (PQ) toxicity is a common problem in the world, associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Therefore, the use of agents that reduce these disorders can be effective in the treatment of PQ toxicity. The protective effects of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on liver disorders have been suggested in many reports.

Species of the Intermountain Western United States: A Chemotaxonomic Investigation Based on Essential Oil Compositions.

is a genus of 98 species, widely distributed in western North America. This work presents a chemometric analysis of the essential oils of seven species of (, var. , , , , , and var.

Leaf Essential Oil Compositions and Enantiomeric Distributions of Monoterpenoids in Species: , , , , and .

Members of the genus are well known for their medicinal properties, which can be attributed to their essential oils. In this work, we have examined the leaf essential oils of five understudied species collected from various locations in western North America. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatographic methods, including enantioselective gas chromatography.

Design, Preparation, and Ex Vivo Skin Permeation of Doxepin Microemulsion System for Topical Delivery.

Background: Doxepin (DX) is used orally to relieve itching but can cause side effects like blurred vision, dry mouth, and drowsiness due to its antimuscarinic effect. To reduce these adverse effects and improve skin permeation, DX is being developed in topical formulations. This study aims to improve DX skin absorption by developing a microemulsion (ME) formulation (ME-DX).

Augmentation of neural stem cell proliferation and enhanced differentiation toward neural and oligodendroglia lineages through sonic hedgehog pathway: Cross-activation of Notch1 and SOX10.

The study aimed to understand the impact of the sonic-hedge signal pathway (SHH) on mouse neural stem cells. We manipulated the pathway using purmorphamine (Pur) and Gant 61 and observed the effects on cell viability, neurosphere formation, and gene expression. We found that activating the SHH pathway with Pur increased cell viability, neurosphere formation, and the expression of specific genes, promoting the differentiation of neural stem cells into mature cells.

Optimization of in vitro propagation and virus eradication using meristem culture and thermotherapy in two geranium species Pelargonium X hortorum ('Zonal') and Pelargonium × domesticum ('Regal').

Background: Geraniums (Pelargonium) are among the most popular flowers worldwide. Viral infection is one of the main problems of the genus Pelargonium, and the production of virus-free mother plants is necessary for large-scale geranium propagation and exchange. Meristem culture and thermotherapy are two effective procedures that have been widely adopted to produce healthy virus-free plant stocks.

Polyploidy drives autophagy to participate in plant-specific functions.

Polyploidization promotes the functional diversification of autophagy in plants, expanding autophagy-associated genes (AAGs) to support processes like chloroplast division and flowering. Analysis of 92,967 AAGs in , , and 74 other plant species shows that 45.69% of AAGs are polyploidy-related, highlighting polyploidy's role in linking autophagy to plant-specific functions.

A biochar selection method for remediating heavy metal contaminated mine tailings.

Approximately 390,000 abandoned mines across the US pose considerable, pervasive risks to human and environmental health; world-wide the problem is even greater. Lime, organic materials, and other amendments have been used to decrease metal bioavailability (e.g.

Chemometrics of the Seasonal Influence on Chemical Composition, Yield, Antioxidant Capacity, and Anti-Candida Activity of Alpinia nutans Essential Oil Growing in the Brazilian Amazon Region.

Alpinia nutans (L.) Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) is used in folk medicine as an antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. This study aimed to evaluate the seasonality effects on the yield, chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and anti-Candida activity of the A.

In Vitro Antileishmanial and Immune Modulation of Trigonelline Against Leishmania major.

The mechanistic study of new pharmaceutical compounds is crucial for evaluating their efficacy, identifying potential side effects, and optimising drug formulations. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of trigonelline on the promastigote and amastigote stages of Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER). An initial in silico study was conducted to examine the pharmacological effects of trigonelline using molecular docking to evaluate the potential binding affinity of trigonelline with nitrate, a crucial molecule in the macrophage immune response against Leishmania.

sp. nov., a new member of the phylum , from forest soil in a geothermal area.

Three Gram-stain-positive aerobic bacteria, characterized by branched mycelia with putative sporangia, were isolated from forest soil inside a decayed bamboo stem from a geothermal area in West Java, Indonesia. The strain S3.2.

A closer look at Galectin-3: its association with gestational diabetes mellitus revealed by systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents a significant metabolic disorder that affects pregnant women worldwide and has negative consequences for both the mother and her offspring. This research aims to investigate the relation between circulating levels of Galectin-3 and the incidence of GDM, and to evaluate its potential as a biomarker for monitoring and early detection of the disease.

Methods: A thorough search of the literature has been performed using databases such as Scopus, Web of science, Embase, Cochrane Library and PubMed.

The emerging roles of neuroactive components produced by gut microbiota.

Background: As a multifunctional ecosystem, the human digestive system contains a complex network of microorganisms, collectively known as gut microbiota. This consortium composed of more than 10 microorganisms and Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes are the dominant microbes. Gut microbiota is increasingly recognized for its critical role in physiological processes beyond digestion.