137 results match your criteria: "Plant Poisoning Alkaloids - Tropane"
Reports of tropane alkaloid poisonings and analytical techniques for their determination in food crops and products from 2013 to 2023.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf
November 2024
Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Food safety is crucial to attaining food security and sustainability. Unsafe foods for human and animal consumption lead to product recalls and rejection, negatively impacting the global economy and trade. Similarly, climate change can adversely affect the availability of safe and nutritious food at the table.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants that Contaminate Feed and Forage and Poison Horses: Equine Ttxicology.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract
December 2023
USDA/ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan UT 84341, USA.
Many toxic plants are unpalatable to horses and are not eaten when alternative forage is available. However, when such plants contaminate prepared or baled feed and forage, herd competition and improved palatability can alter acceptance and thereby cause equine plant poisonings. Dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid-containing plants; cocklebur; Salvia reflexa; kleingrass, switchgrass, and other saponin-containing grasses; jimson weed, black henbane, and other tropane alkaloid-containing plants; lantana; Cassia spp and other myotoxic plants; castor bean; cyanogenic glycoside-containing plants; thiaminase-containing plants; and hoary alyssum are among those that most commonly poison horses in North America via contaminated feed or forage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnintentional Jimson Weed Poisoning in a Family: A Case Report.
Cureus
September 2023
Neurology, Michigan Advanced Neurology Center, Saginaw, USA.
This case report reveals a rare incident of unintended Jimson weed () exposure within a family in the United States. In this narrative, a pregnant 36-year-old Asian woman and her family unknowingly ingested homemade soup infused with Jimson weed leaves. This led to symptoms such as vomiting, dry mouth, blurred vision, flushed skin, breathing difficulties, and hallucinations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of Toxic Pyrrolizidine and Tropane Alkaloids in Herbal Teas and Culinary Herbs Using LC-Q-ToF/MS.
Foods
September 2023
Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory Application and Research Center (EGE-MATAL), Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
Article Synopsis
- Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are toxic compounds produced by plants for insect defense, posing health risks to humans through contaminated food and tea.
- The study focused on identifying and quantifying PAs, N-oxides, and tropane alkaloids in herbal teas and culinary herbs sold in Turkey, using high-precision liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.
- Findings showed that all tested samples contained detectable levels of these substances, emphasizing the need for routine testing to ensure food safety and protect consumer health.
Generation of broad-spectrum recombinant antibody and construction of colorimetric immunoassay for tropane alkaloids: Recognition mechanism and application.
J Hazard Mater
October 2023
Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:
Tropane alkaloids (TAs) have emerged as plant toxins, related to poisoning events. The development of stable antibodies is crucial to ensure the effectiveness of immunological methods in quickly and accurately monitoring these alkaloids. In this study, based on hybridoma, the variable region gene of monoclonal antibody (mAb) was amplified, and the recombinant antibody (rAb) gene sequence (VH-Linker-VL) was successfully constructed and expressed in HEK293F.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Poisoning Outbreak Caused by - Maqin County, Qinghai Province, China, July 2021.
China CDC Wkly
October 2022
National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Article Synopsis
- - The plant in question is part of the Solanaceae family and contains toxic tropane alkaloids that can lead to poisoning if consumed or misused.
- - A recent poisoning outbreak involved 10 patients, resulting in one death, with a thorough investigation confirming the link between plant exposure and the poisoning incidents.
- - Public health officials need to raise awareness about the dangers of collecting and consuming plants that contain tropane alkaloids to prevent future poisoning cases.
Phytoconstituents of Datura metel extract improved motor coordination in haloperidol-induced cataleptic mice: Dual-target molecular docking and behavioural studies.
J Ethnopharmacol
January 2023
Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulauz, Pinang, Malaysia.
Article Synopsis
- Parkinson's disease (PD) poses significant health challenges with limited treatment options; Datura metel (DM) is a medicinal plant known for its neuroprotective properties that may help manage PD symptoms.
- The study tested the effects of DM's methanolic extract on cataleptic mice induced by haloperidol, demonstrating improved motor coordination compared to standard PD treatment, levodopa.
- Phytochemicals in DM, particularly atropine and scopolamine, showed strong interactions with key targets for PD, suggesting their potential for multi-target therapeutic applications in treating the disease.
Atropine Is a Suppressor of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) That Reduces Stemness in Drug-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells.
Int J Mol Sci
August 2022
Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Article Synopsis
- Atropine (ATR), derived from the belladonna plant, is an anticholinergic drug used mainly for treating cholinergic overdoses and mushroom poisoning, but has potential implications in cancer therapy.
- Recent research using in silico docking analysis demonstrated atropine's strong binding to key proteins E-cad and ZEB-2, which are crucial in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumors.
- The study indicated that atropine may effectively reduce EMT and tumor colony formation in breast cancer cell lines, suggesting it could be used alongside other chemotherapy agents to combat drug-resistant breast cancer.
Large outbreak of Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) poisoning due to consumption of contaminated humanitarian relief food: Uganda, March-April 2019.
BMC Public Health
March 2022
Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) is a toxic plant that can cause severe gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms, leading to potential fatalities; an outbreak occurred in March 2019, affecting over 200 individuals in specific districts.
- The investigation defined suspected cases based on specific symptoms and involved a detailed retrospective cohort study to analyze dietary habits and food exposure, alongside extensive laboratory testing of food samples.
- A total of 293 suspected cases were identified, with a significant link to a batch of fortified corn-soy blend (CSB+) consumed during the outbreak, which was found to contain toxic alkaloids linked to the symptoms experienced by the patients.
Article Synopsis
- Poisoning from plants is a significant concern, especially for children, accounting for 15% of inquiries to poison information centers in Germany between 2011-2020, ranking third after medical drugs and chemical substances.
- Medical professionals should understand the toxic effects of various highly poisonous plants like wolfsbane and belladonna and evaluate intoxications by gathering detailed histories and assessing clinical signs.
- In case of plant poisoning, it's crucial to contact a poison information center for plant identification and treatment guidance, as specific antidotes are rare and treatment often relies on symptom management.
Emerging tropane alkaloid contaminations under climate change.
Trends Plant Sci
November 2021
Department of Integrative Zoology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Article Synopsis
- - Climate change is leading to the invasion of toxic plants, which poses risks to human health and food safety.
- - A recent incident linked cereal products from the World Food Programme to toxic contamination from invasive common thorn-apple seeds.
- - As global conditions continue to change, the contamination of food by plant toxins is likely to become more frequent.
Tropane alkaloid contamination of agricultural commodities and food products in relation to consumer health: Learnings from the 2019 Uganda food aid outbreak.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf
January 2021
School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Tropane alkaloids (TAs) are toxic compounds found mainly in plants from the Solanaceae family, particularly from the invasive species Datura stramonium, which can contaminate cereal crops.
- High levels of TAs in food can lead to serious health risks, including anticholinergic symptoms, acute poisoning, and even death, as highlighted by a 2019 incident in Uganda where 315 people fell ill and five died from consuming contaminated food.
- The article reviews the occurrences and health risks of TAs, discussing prevention strategies to limit their presence in agriculture and food production, emphasizing the importance of food safety measures throughout the cereal cultivation and manufacturing process.
A plant-derived cocaine hydrolase prevents cocaine overdose lethality and attenuates cocaine-induced drug seeking behavior.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
August 2020
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA; Center of Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Cocaine use disorders can lead to serious short-term issues like overdose and long-term problems such as chronic addiction, with no effective treatments currently available to reduce these risks.
- A promising approach involves using engineered enzymes, specifically a modified form of human serum butyrylcholinesterase, to break down cocaine into inactive substances quickly.
- A plant-derived version of this enzyme, called PCocSH, has shown success in protecting mice from cocaine overdose and preventing relapse in drug-seeking behavior, indicating its potential as a therapeutic option for treating cocaine use disorders in humans.
Surviving chlormequat poisoning - pharmacokinetics and the role of atropine.
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
January 2021
Division of Clinical Toxicology and Poison Control Centre Munich, Department of Internal Medicine II, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Common anticholinergic solanaceaous plants of temperate Europe - A review of intoxications from the literature (1966-2018).
Toxicon
April 2020
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška Cesta 32, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Article Synopsis
- Datura stramonium, Atropa belladonna, Hyoscyamus niger, and Scopolia carniolica are toxic plants from the Solanaceae family known for their anticholinergic alkaloids that can cause poisoning.
- There is a lack of detailed literature and knowledge among physicians regarding these plants, despite their significant danger.
- The review analyzes cases of intoxication from 1966 to 2018, revealing that D. stramonium is often linked to drug use among teens, A. belladonna is mistakenly consumed due to its berries, H. niger is ingested by confusion with other plants, and S. carniolica has very few recorded intoxications.
Remember Atropine for "Killer B's".
J Emerg Med
November 2019
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Clinical and pathological comparison of Astragalus lentiginosus and Ipomoea carnea poisoning in goats.
Toxicon
December 2019
USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, 1150 E. 1400 N, Logan, UT, USA, 84341.
Article Synopsis
- Swainsonine, a toxic compound found in locoweed and some Ipomoea species, is a glycosidase inhibitor that can poison livestock, especially goats.
- A study compared the poisoning effects of A. lentiginosus and I. carnea on goats, which were treated with different doses of swainsonine over 45 days.
- Results showed that both treatments caused similar clinical signs and lesions in goats, indicating that swainsonine is primarily responsible for the toxicity, with calystegines playing a minimal role in this context.
Urine tropenol ester levels in workers handling tiotropium bromide synthesis: implications for exposure prevention and biomonitoring.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol
June 2019
Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Tropenol ester is a toxic substance used in making tiotropium bromide, and this study aimed to check if workers were exposed to it by testing their urine.
- Out of 79 urine samples from 12 workers, 36 tested positive for tropenol ester, but medical exams showed no acute poisoning symptoms, with most positive finds likely due to human error rather than equipment failure.
- To enhance safety, the production plant decided to switch to a safer alternative for tropenol ester, emphasizing the importance of biological monitoring to increase awareness of exposure risks in the workplace.
Alkaloid chemodiversity in Mandragora spp. is associated with loss-of-functionality of MoH6H, a hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase gene.
Plant Sci
June 2019
Department of Vegetable Crops, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Mandrakes (Mandragora spp.) have a history of use in traditional medicine due to their content of tropane alkaloids like scopolamine and hyoscyamine, which are utilized in modern treatments for pain and motion sickness.
- The study highlights significant variations in tropane alkaloid levels among different Mandragora species, with M. officinarum and M. turcomanica lacking two key alkaloids but having higher levels of hyoscyamine compared to M. autumnalis.
- Genetic analysis reveals that a mutation in the H6H gene in M. officinarum leads to its inactivity, explaining the absence of anisodamine and scopolamine in that species.
Neurological syndrome in goats associated with Ipomoea trifida and Ipomoea carnea containing calystegines.
Toxicon
January 2019
Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- - A disease causing ataxia, tremors, and nystagmus was identified in goats in Nicaragua, with key brain lesions in cerebellar Purkinje cells.
- - The histological findings indicate a possible glycoprotein storage disease due to neuronal damage and degeneration in the cerebellum.
- - Local plants, Ipomoea carnea and Ipomoea trifida, contained calystegines, which are inhibitors of certain enzymes, suggesting they might be linked to the disease despite testing negative for swainsonine.
Simultaneous quantification of atropine and scopolamine in infusions of herbal tea and Solanaceae plant material by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (tandem) mass spectrometry.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom
November 2018
Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munich, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Atropine and scopolamine are toxic compounds found in certain plants that can unintentionally contaminate herbal teas, posing a risk of anticholinergic poisoning.
- The study developed a new mass spectrometry method (MALDI-TOF MS/MS) to simultaneously measure these alkaloids in herbal tea and Solanaceae plant materials, achieving reliable and precise results.
- While the method is complex and labor-intensive, it effectively detects low levels of these toxic compounds, proving its value for both quantitative analysis and quick screening of contaminated plant extracts.
Worldwide Occurrence and Investigations of Contamination of Herbal Medicines by Tropane Alkaloids.
Toxins (Basel)
September 2017
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug and Poisons Information Bureau, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
Article Synopsis
- Tropane alkaloids are toxic compounds primarily found in plants and can contaminate herbal teas and medicinal herbs, leading to anticholinergic poisoning.
- Most global reports of such poisoning between 1978-2014 are linked to herbal teas and specific prescribed herbs, where contamination typically occurs during harvest or processing.
- The World Health Organization stresses the need for good agricultural practices and the use of DNA barcoding to identify contaminants, urging that all suspected poisoning cases be reported for public safety.
Article Synopsis
- In 2014, a food-poisoning incident in Kawasaki City, Japan occurred due to the consumption of Datura roots, which were mistakenly identified as burdock roots from a garden.
- Morphological examination alone could not definitively classify the plant, prompting the use of LC-MS/MS to identify toxic compounds, atropine and scopolamine, from the plant specimen.
- DNA barcoding confirmed the plant was a Datura species in the Solanaceae family, thus resolving the misidentification issue through both chemical and genetic analysis.
Maternal Ingestion of Ipomoea carnea: Effects on Goat-Kid Bonding and Behavior.
Toxins (Basel)
March 2016
Research Center of Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX), Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- Ipomoea carnea is a toxic plant that can poison livestock, particularly affecting goats in tropical regions due to its harmful alkaloids.
- This study investigated the effects of pregnant goats consuming varying doses of I. carnea on their offspring's behavior and bonding.
- Results showed that higher dosages led to reduced maternal attention, difficulties in the kids' ability to recognize their mothers, and developmental delays that could threaten their survival.