Complete mitochondrial genome assembly and comparative analysis of Colocasia esculenta.

Colocasia esculenta ranks as the fifth most important tuber crop and is known for its high nutritional and medicinal value. However, there is no research on its mitochondrial genome, hindering in-depth exploration of its genomic resources and genetic relationships. Using second- and third-generation sequencing technologies, we assembled and annotated the mitogenome of C.

The BES1/BZR1 transcriptional factor SlBES2 regulates photosynthetic apparatus in tomato fruit.

Background: Fruit photosynthetic apparatus development comprises a series of biological processes which is essential in determining fruit development and quality formation. However, the understanding of the regulation of fruit photosynthetic apparatus development remains poor.

Results: In this study, we identified a transcriptional factor SlBES2, the closest homolog of BES1 and BZR1 in tomato BES1 family, is highly expressed in fruit at mature green (MG) stage and exhibited transcriptional inhibition activity.

Genome-wide association study and genomic prediction of root system architecture traits in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) at the seedling stage.

Root system architecture (RSA) plays an important role in plant adaptation to drought stress. However, the genetic basis of RSA in sorghum has not been adequately elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the genetic bases of RSA traits through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and determine genomic prediction (GP) accuracy in sorghum landraces at the seedling stage.

Combined Analysis of the Leaf Metabolome, Lipidome, and Candidate Gene Function: Insights into Genotypic Variation in Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency in .

Stylo () exhibits excellent tolerance to low-phosphate (Pi) availability, but the underlying mechanisms responsible for improving the phosphorus (P) utilization efficiency (PUE) remain unclear. This study employed metabolomics, lipidomics, and gene expression analyses to investigate the differential responses to low-Pi stress between the high-PUE genotype CF047827 and the cultivar Reyan No. 2.

Genome-wide analysis of GRAS gene family and functional identification of a putative development and maintenance of axillary meristematic tissue gene PlGRAS22 in Paeonia ludlowii.

The GRAS gene family, is instrumental in a myriad of biological processes, including plant growth and development. Our findings revealed that Paeonia ludlowii (Stern & G.Taylor) D.

Baculovirus protein kinase 1 activates AMPK-protein phosphatase 5 axis to hijack transcription factor EB for self-proliferation.

Baculovirus causes lethal nuclear polyhedrosis in insects, whereas its regulatory mechanism on host transcription has not been fully illustrated. Herein, Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection caused dephosphorylation and thus cytoplasmic-nucleo translocation of transcription factor EB (BmTFEB) by inhibiting Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (MTORC1), while upregulating Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling to promote self-proliferation through the rival protein kinase 1 in Bombyx mori. Significantly, B.

Molecular advances in research and applications of male sterility systems in tomato.

Tomato, belonging to the nightshade family, is globally considered as a model system for classical and molecular genetics, genomics, and reproductive developmental studies. In the current scenario of climate change, hybrid development is among the crucial elements in the genetic improvement of crop plants. The phenomenon of male sterility is a viable approach for ensuring hybrid seed purity and reducing the cost of hybrid seed production.

Genome assembly and multiomic analyses reveal insights into flower and bark colors of Lagerstroemia excelsa.

Lagerstroemia excelsa is a unique plant species from China, holds a significant aesthetic and economic value, and plays a crucial role in landscape architecture and horticulture. Thus far, there is little genetic and genomic information available about this species, which limits its use in development of new cultivars. In this study, a high-quality genome map of L.

Cooperation of Lactoplantibacillus plantarum and polyethylene microplastics facilitated the disappearance of tetracycline during anaerobic fermentation of whole plant maize.

In agricultural production systems, the harm of both antibiotics and microplastics (MPs) to human health has been an important and continuously concerned issue. A small bagged silage production system was designed to investigate the effects of Lactoplantibacillus plantarum, polyethylene (PE) -MPs and their mixture on the silage fermentation and chemical composition of Tetracycline (TET) -contaminated whole plant maize. In addition, the bacterial community of silage samples was analyzed by using next generation genome sequencing technology.

Fungal Pathogen Diversity and Fungicide Resistance Assessment in Fusarium Crown Rot of Wheat in the Huanghuai Region of China.

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) poses a major threat to wheat production in the Huanghuai wheat region of China. This study aims to enhance understanding of pathogen populations causing FCR, focusing on their pathogenicity, trichothecene genotypes, and fungicide resistance. During the 2022-2023 growing seasons, we collected 1820 fungal isolates from 233 locations in this region.

WRKY transcription factors: Hubs for regulating plant growth and stress responses.

As sessile organisms, plants must directly face various stressors. Therefore, plants have evolved a powerful stress resistance system and can adjust their growth and development strategies appropriately in different stressful environments to adapt to complex and ever-changing conditions. Nevertheless, prioritizing defensive responses can hinder growth; this is a crucial factor for plant survival but is detrimental to crop production.

Comprehensive omics analysis of the fecal microbiome and serum metabolome in Dezhou donkey foals at the end of weaning and after weaning.

Weaning is essential for foal growth and development. We determined the intestinal flora structure of donkey foals at the end of weaning (PreW_4d) and three stages after weaning (PostW_4d, PostW_8d, and PostW_15d) to explore the effects of weaning on intestinal development of donkey foals. The results showed that the main microbial flora in the gut of the donkey foal were Firmicutes and Bacteroides, and the proportion of Firmicutes gradually increased with weaning, which was an important reflection of the donkey foal's adaptability to the transition from lactose liquid feed to plant fiber solid feed.

Trichoderma virens XZ11-1 producing siderophores inhibits the infection of Fusarium oxysporum and promotes plant growth in banana plants.

Background: Banana Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is a soil-borne fungal disease.

Identification of EXPA4 as a key gene in cotton salt stress adaptation through transcriptomic and coexpression network analysis of root tip protoplasts.

Background: Salinity stress impairs cotton growth and fiber quality. Protoplasts enable elucidation of early salt-responsive signaling. Elucidating crop tolerance mechanisms that ameliorate these diverse salinity-induced stresses is key for improving agricultural productivity under saline conditions.

Identification of candidate genes for leaf size by QTL mapping and transcriptome sequencing in Brassica napus L.

Leaf is the main photosynthetic organ at the seedling stage of rapeseed and leaf size is a crucial agronomic trait affecting rapeseed yield. Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying leaf size is therefore important for rapeseed breeding. In this study, QTL mapping for three traits related to leaf size, i.

TaSnRK3.23B, a CBL-interacting protein kinase of wheat, confers drought stress tolerance by promoting ROS scavenging in Arabidopsis.

Background: Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinases (SnRKs) have been implicated in plant growth and stress responses. Although SnRK3.23 is known to be involved in drought stress, the underlying mechanism of resistance differs between Arabidopsis and rice, and little is known about its function in wheat.

Tests for segregation distortion in tetraploid F1 populations.

In tetraploid F1 populations, traditional segregation distortion tests often inaccurately flag SNPs due to ignoring polyploid meiosis processes and genotype uncertainty. We develop tests that account for these factors. Genotype data from tetraploid F1 populations are often collected in breeding programs for mapping and genomic selection purposes.

Molecular regulation and domestication of parthenocarpy in cucumber.

Parthenocarpy is a pivotal trait that enhances the yield and quality of fruit crops by enabling the development of seedless fruits. Here we unveil a molecular framework for the regulation and domestication of parthenocarpy in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

Microsatellite/SSR dataset: characterization of apple cultivars of the German Fruit Genebank.

The German Fruit Genebank is a decentralized network focused on coordinating various germplasm collections across Germany to conserve and utilize the genetic resources of native fruit species. This aim emphasizes the necessity of trueness-to-type validation of genetic resources based on pomological and molecular characteristics. Between 2009 and 2021, multiple projects were undertaken to create an inventory of the apple (Malus ssp.

Chromosome-scale telomere to telomere genome assembly of common crystalwort (Riccia sorocarpa Bisch.).

Riccia sorocarpa Bisch., commonly known as common crystalwort, is a plant belonging to the Marchantiales order with a cosmopolitan distribution among a wide range of habitats: fields, gardens, waste ground, on paths, cliff tops, and thin soil over rocks or by water bodies. However, research into the genetic aspects of this species is limited.

Novel insights into strigolactone perception.

A recent study conducted by Hu et al. has provided novel insights into the perception of strigolactone (SL). These findings offer a comprehensive understanding of activation, termination, and regulation mechanisms involved in SL perception, all of which are crucial for the adaptation of plant architecture to fluctuations in nitrogen availability.

Genome-wide analyses of glutathione S-transferase gene family and expression profiling among three haplotypes Aphis gossypii.

Glutathione S-transferase (GST) plays a critical role in detoxifying various chemical compounds and is essential for host adaptation and pesticide resistance in insects. To understand the genetic structure of the GST family and the expression patterns among three haplotypes of Aphis gossypii, we conducted studies using genome annotation files and RNA-seq data. We identified 11 GSTs in A.

Molecular markers and cytogenetics of Eleven O'Clock Portulaca umbraticola: a non-conventional edible ornamental crop.

Portulaca umbraticola, commonly known as "Eleven o'clock", is a popular ornamental plant in Brazil, but its potential as a non-conventional food source remains underexplored. Assessing its genetic and cytogenetic diversity is crucial for breeding and selecting optimal accessions. In this study, we analyzed the genetic diversity of P.

Soil microbiome bacteria protect plants against filamentous fungal infections via intercellular contacts.

Bacterial-fungal interaction (BFI) has significant implications for the health of host plants. While the diffusible antibiotic metabolite-mediated competition in BFI has been extensively characterized, the impact of intercellular contact remains largely elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the intercellular contact is a prevalent mode of interaction between beneficial soil bacteria and pathogenic filamentous fungi.