44,404 results match your criteria: "Pituitary Tumors"

Background: Giant prolactinoma (size > 4 cm) is a rare condition and accounts for less than 1% of pituitary adenomas. In even rarer cases, these lesions may involve craniocervical structures requiring surgical intervention. The present case is the largest reported giant prolactinoma (99 × 72 × 57 mm).

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Background: Most cases of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) are caused by infertility treatment using human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). OHSS is widely known to have a "spoke-wheel" appearance on imaging, presenting as bilateral symmetric enlargement of ovaries with multiple cysts of varying sizes. When this spoke-wheel appearance is observed in patients not undergoing infertility treatment, tumor-derived hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and hCG should be measured.

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Purpose: The objective of this study was to characterize the clinical characteristics and factors predictive of biochemical remission in patients with symptomatic acromegaly undergoing transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) at an academic tertiary care center, as defined by the 2022 Acromegaly Consensus Conference guidelines.

Methods: In this single institution, longitudinal, retrospective study, a large cohort of 158 patients with a preoperative diagnosis of acromegaly undergoing surgery at a large, academic, tertiary care center were examined. We excluded 38 patients as IGF-1 testing was performed less than 12 weeks postoperatively.

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Digital quantification of somatostatin receptor subtypes 2 and 5 in GH-secreting pituitary tumors.

Eur J Endocrinol

December 2024

Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy.

Immunohistochemistry of somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) can predict response to first-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (fg-SRLs) in acromegaly. Recently, we validated an open-source digital image analysis (DIA) to quantify SSTR2 expression. We aimed to validate the DIA also on SSTR5 in a new cohort of GH-secreting pituitary tumors, with immunohistochemistry performed in a different laboratory, and to correlate fg-SRL response with SSTs expression.

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Context: Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors are rare in children, but challenging, implying the two purposes to cure the child, and preserve pituitary function. In this paper, we describe our population of children who underwent endoscopic endonasal resection of a pituitary adenoma, in Lille University Hospital.

Patients And Methods: Between 2007 and 2021, all children undergoing EEN surgery for pituitary adenoma were included.

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Long-term outcome of childhood and adolescent patients with craniopharyngiomas: a single center retrospective experience.

BMC Cancer

December 2024

Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.

Background: The treatment of craniopharyngiomas (CPs) poses challenges due to their proximity to critical neural structures, the risk of serious complications, and the impairment of quality of life after treatment. However, long-term prognostic data are still scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients with CPs after treatment.

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Endocrinopathies are frequently the initial presentation of histiocytic neoplasms, which are rare hematologic disorders affecting multiple organ systems. Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Erdheim-Chester disease are 2 such disorders known to infiltrate the hypothalamus and/or pituitary gland, leading to arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D) and anterior pituitary dysfunction (APD) in 20% to 30% of cases, often as the first manifestation. Conversely, histiocytic disorders account for a notable proportion (10-15%) of all pituitary stalk lesions.

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Enhanced MRI-based brain tumor segmentation and feature extraction using Berkeley wavelet transform and ETCCNN.

Digit Health

December 2024

School of Computer Science & Engineering (SCOPE), VIT-AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Objective: Brain tumors are abnormal growths of brain cells that are typically diagnosed via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which helps to discriminate between malignant and benign tumors. Using MRI image analysis, tumor sites have been identified and classified into four distinct tumor categories: meningioma, glioma, not tumor, and pituitary. If a brain tumor is not detected in its early stages, it could progress to a severe level or cause death.

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Objective: Globally, skull base tumors are among the most challenging tumors to treat and are known for their significant morbidity and mortality. Hence, this study aimed to identify robust associated factors that contribute to mortality of patients following surgical resection for a variety of skull base tumors at the 3-month follow-up period. This in turn helps devise an evidence-based meticulous treatment strategy and baseline input for quality improvement work.

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Using digital PCR to investigate the prevalence of KRAS variants in pituitary tumours.

J Neuroendocrinol

December 2024

Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro, Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Pituitary tumours (PT) are formed in the pituitary gland, a small gland situated at the base of the brain. These tumours can be categorized according to their histological origin and hormone production. In surgical series, non-functioning PT are the commonest subtype, followed by functioning somatotroph and corticotroph tumours.

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Modeling craniopharyngioma for drug screening reveals a neuronal mechanism for tumor growth.

Sci Transl Med

December 2024

State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.

Tumors occurring along the hypothalamus-pituitary axis receive axonal projection from neuroendocrine neurons, but it remains unclear whether neuroendocrine neuronal activity drives tumor expansion. Craniopharyngioma is a common suprasellar tumor with a propensity for invading the hypothalamus, leading to devastating endocrine and metabolic disorders. Here, we developed two autochthonous animal models that faithfully recapitulate the molecular pathology, clinical manifestations, and transcriptomic profiles of papillary craniopharyngioma.

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Proper skull base repair is essential in preventing postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak following endonasal endoscopic skull base surgery. Direct suturing of the skull base dura is desirable but difficult. Here, we discuss the effectiveness of endoscopic suturing of skull base dura in cases of skull base lesions with intraoperative CSF leak.

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A novel computational model ITHCS for enhanced prognostic risk stratification in ESCC by correcting for intratumor heterogeneity.

Brief Bioinform

November 2024

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200025, China.

Intratumor heterogeneity significantly challenges the accuracy of existing prognostic models for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by introducing biases related to the varied genetic and molecular landscapes within tumors. Traditional models, relying on single-sample, single-region bulk RNA sequencing, fall short of capturing the complexity of intratumor heterogeneity. To fill this gap, we developed a computational model for intratumor heterogeneity corrected signature (ITHCS) by employing both multiregion bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing to pinpoint genes that exhibit consistent expression patterns across different tumor regions but vary significantly among patients.

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Diagnostic Accuracy and Value of CXCR4-targeted PET/MRI Using Ga-Pentixafor for Tumor Localization in Cushing Disease.

Radiology

December 2024

From the Department of Radiology (Yue Wu, S.W., W.R., Z. Yao), Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center (B.Y., Z. Ye, R.H., N.Q., Y. Zhang, X.Y., Z.M., Y. Wang, Y. Zhao, Q.Z.), Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center (Yanfei Wu, S.R., Y.G., F.X.), and Department of Endocrinology (M.H., S.Z., Y.Y., H.Y., Z.Z.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China (B.Y., Z. Ye, R.H., N.Q., Y. Zhang, X.Y., Z.M., Y. Wang, Y. Zhao, Q.Z.); Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China (B.Y., Z. Ye, R.H., N.Q., Y. Zhang, X.Y., Z.M., Y. Wang, Y. Zhao, Q.Z.); Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China (B.Y., Z. Ye, R.H., N.Q., Y. Zhang, X.Y., Z.M., Y. Wang, Y. Zhao, Q.Z.); and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.Z.).

Background Gallium 68 (Ga) pentixafor has emerged as a potential C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)-targeted radiotracer for neuroendocrine tumor, yet its application in Cushing disease remains uncertain. Purpose To assess the diagnostic accuracy and value of Ga-pentixafor PET/MRI in localizing adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary tumors in Cushing disease. Materials and Methods A prospective single-center study was conducted from March 2023 to February 2024 in participants with Cushing disease scheduled for surgical pituitary tumor resection.

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Background: The overwhelming majority of pituitary tumors consist of pituitary adenomas (PAs), which have recently also been termed pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs). Clinically significant PAs occur in approximately one in every 1000 individuals, while other types of pituitary tumors, such as craniopharyngiomas and pituicytomas, are significantly less common. Although PAs are generally benign, a subset of them exhibits malignant-like biological traits.

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Immature PIT1-lineage pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs)/adenomas (Immature PIT1-lineage tumors) are a rare and underrecognized subtype of PitNETs that exhibits distinct cytologic atypia features and aggressive clinical potential. This study characterizes the clinical, radiological, histologic, and immunohistochemical features of 15 immature PIT1-lineage tumors identified from 1084 PitNETs patients over 5 years. Our cohort of 6 males and 9 females had a median age of 37.

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Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma arising in the pituitary gland: A case report.

Medicine (Baltimore)

December 2024

Departments of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.

Rationale: Primary pituitary lymphoma is defined as a lymphoma that develops only in the pituitary gland without involvement of other areas.

Patient Concerns: We present the case of a 61-year-old female patient who underwent an endonasal transsphenoidal approach for the preoperative diagnosis of a pituitary macroadenoma based on radiological findings.

Diagnoses: Microscopically, the capillaries were distended by tumor cells.

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Postoperative hemorrhages (POHs) after pituitary adenoma surgery can have devastating consequences for patients. Many patients take acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) for the primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular or stroke events. However, the impact of continued low-dose ASA use on the risk of postoperative hemorrhage and the frequency of thromboembolic events after discontinuing ASA in these patients remain poorly understood.

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In the current work, we aimed to evaluate the association of clinical data of Cushing's disease (CD) patients with mutation status and to study USP8-related molecular mechanisms connected to the regulation of corticotropinoma growth and activity. 35 CD patients were enrolled; the sequencing of exon 14 in revealed variants in eighteen adenomas, two of which were described for the first time in CD. variants were more common in women (94% vs.

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Prolactinomas are commonly treated with dopamine receptor agonists (DAs), such as bromocriptine (BRC) and cabergoline (CAB). However, 10-30% of patients exhibit resistance to DA therapies. DA resistance is largely associated with reduced dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) expression, potentially regulated by epigenetic modifications, though the underlying mechanisms are still unclear.

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Background: Cancer ranks second among the causes of mortality worldwide, following cardiovascular diseases. Brain cancer, in particular, has the lowest survival rate of any form of cancer. Brain tumors vary in their morphology, texture, and location, which determine their classification.

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Reply to letter by Melmed et al.

Brain Pathol

December 2024

Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Bellaria Hospital, AUSL Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

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 Pituitary adenoma is the most common disease that affects the gland and may be classified as functional/nonsecretory tumors. Inflammatory/infective causes may also affect the pituitary gland. The 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F18-FDG PET/CT) may have an incremental value in assessing these lesions and in determining their clinical significance.

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Venous vascular malformations of the parotid gland are very rare vascular tumors, especially among adults. This case report discusses the presentation and challenges of diagnosing a venous vascular malformation of the parotid gland in a patient with previous oncologic history. Our patient is a 45-year-old female with a history of breast cancer, meningioma, and secreting pituitary adenoma who presented with a malformation on magnetic resonance imaging, incidentally demonstrating a T2 intense mass in the superficial lobe of the right parotid gland.

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Lateralization outcomes of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling: desmopressin vs CRH.

Hormones (Athens)

December 2024

Department of Endocrinology, University of Health Sciences, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Basaksehir, Istanbul, 34480, Turkey.

Purpose: Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) is the gold standard for localizing ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS). While corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) was initially used for stimulation, desmopressin has become a common alternative. This research evaluates desmopressin's effectiveness in lateralizing Cushing's disease (CD) during BIPSS compared to CRH stimulation.

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