1,810 results match your criteria: "Pituitary Apoplexy"
Hemorrhagic PitNets Are Associated with Previous Vascular Events and Result in Worse Endocrine Outcome.
Cancers (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Background: Pituitary apoplexy is a potentially life-threatening condition that most often results from hemorrhage into a preexisting pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNet) presenting with acute headache, visual impairment and endocrine dysfunction. Here, we aimed to identify factors associated with hemorrhage and present the pituitary hormonal status before and after transnasal-transsphenoidal tumor removal in a comparative study design.
Methods: A series of 100 patients with PitNet were analyzed.
Trends and Outcomes in Pituitary Apoplexy Management: A Spanish Observational Multicenter Study.
Neurosurgery
December 2024
Endocrinology & Nutrition Service, Germans Trias Hospital Research Institute, Badalona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras U747, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Article Synopsis
A rare case of intratumoral hemorrhage in a young adult with adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.
Radiol Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Padjadjaran, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Jl. Pasteur No. 38, Pasteur, Sukajadi, Bandung City, West Java 40161, Indonesia.
Article Synopsis
Transient cerebral ischemia in pituitary apoplexy-induced internal carotid artery occlusion: illustrative case.
J Neurosurg Case Lessons
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, St George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia.
Article Synopsis
Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Calcified Sellar/Parasellar Region Pathologies: Report of 11 Pituitary Adenoma Cases.
World Neurosurg
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Bahcesehir University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address:
Objective: Calcification in pituitary adenomas is a rare occurrence and its differential diagnosis typically includes other sellar masses. Common calcifications in pituitary adenomas are classified into 2 morphological forms: capsular (eggshell-like) and multiple small nodular calcifications located within the adenoma. Also, there is a pituitary stone term.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypopituitarism and COVID-19.
Pituitary
December 2024
Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Purpose: This review aims to collect and examine recent research findings regarding hypopituitarism and COVID-19, focusing on the virus's impact on the pituitary gland and the outcomes for infected patients with hormonal deficiencies.
Methods: Literature review using PubMed (pubmed.ncbi.
Rathke's cleft cyst apoplexy presented as pituitary apoplexy: A case report.
Int J Surg Case Rep
December 2024
Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
Article Synopsis
Influence of surgical timing on the visual prognosis of patients suffering from a pituitary apoplexy with visual impairment.
Neurosurg Rev
November 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre; Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, 28041, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- * A study involving 49 patients with pituitary apoplexy showed that while many experienced improvement in vision and eye movement after surgery, the timing of surgery (within 3 days vs. later) did not significantly affect these outcomes.
- * Overall, the results indicate that the timing of neurosurgical decompression for pituitary apoplexy patients may not play a crucial role in improving their visual symptoms.
Unveiling postpartum pituitary apoplexy through atypical presentation: A case report and review of literature.
Radiol Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Radiology, An Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine.
Our case details the atypical presentation of postpartum pituitary apoplexy in a 20-year-old female, who exhibited general weakness, dizziness, and brief loss of consciousness following an uncomplicated vaginal delivery. Despite normal vital signs except for bradycardia, imaging revealed a pituitary hemorrhage, leading to the diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy. Managed conservatively with IV hydrocortisone and intensive care, the patient experienced persistent bradycardia and severe abdominal pain, requiring transfer to another ICU.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsolated Sixth Cranial Nerve Palsy in Patients with Pituitary Apoplexy.
J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg
November 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Clinic, Birgunj, Nepal.
Article Synopsis
The role of intervention timing and treatment modality in visual recovery following pituitary apoplexy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Neurooncol
December 2024
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Pituitary apoplexy is a serious condition often linked to underlying masses like adenomas, causing acute neurological symptoms that may require urgent surgical intervention.
- The study compares the effects of different surgical timing (before or after 48 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days) on visual outcomes for patients with this condition, along with the effectiveness of surgical decompression versus conservative management.
- A review of 29 studies found that most patients had visual deficits and were treated with surgery, particularly through the endoscopic endonasal approach, with a detailed analysis focusing on outcomes over a 7-day period.
Ectopic acromegaly with tumoral range hyperprolactinemia and apoplexy with a dramatic regression of pituitary hyperplasia.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
October 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Acromegaly due to ectopic secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is a rare disorder. The signs and symptoms of ectopic acromegaly are indistinguishable from acromegaly due to a somatotroph adenoma. A 35-year-old female presented with secondary amenorrhea for 10 years, intermittent headache, and reduced vision in both eyes for 4 years, which worsened over 4 months before presentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCOVID19 infection and vaccination and the risk of pituitary apoplexy: an entangled yarn.
Endocrine
October 2024
Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Teaching Hospital, Alessandria, Italy.
Purpose: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) has been increasingly reported in association with both infection from and vaccination for COVID19. Our aim was to analyse the available published cases and compare the clinical characteristics in the two groups (infection vs vaccination).
Methods: We systematically reviewed the published literature for all cases of PA associated with COVID19 infection or vaccination.
Thyrotroph Hyperplasia Caused by Severe Primary Hypothyroidism Leading to Adrenal Crisis.
JCEM Case Rep
October 2024
Endocrine Department, King Saud Medical Complex, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia.
Article Synopsis
- Thyrotroph hyperplasia frequently goes undiagnosed in primary hypothyroidism but is reversible with thyroid replacement therapy.
- Imaging before biochemical tests can lead to unnecessary pituitary surgeries.
- A case study of a 30-year-old man illustrates how his thyrotroph hyperplasia and hypopituitarism improved with levothyroxine treatment; this will be discussed alongside current literature on the topic.
Hypophysitis in COVID-19: a systematic review.
Pituitary
December 2024
Pituitary Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- This systematic review investigates recent cases of hypophysitis—an inflammation of the pituitary gland—in patients who have recovered from COVID-19.
- Seven cases were studied, mainly involving young adults, with symptoms like headaches and increased thirst, emerging 2-3 weeks after COVID-19 symptoms.
- The findings showed various imaging results, with some patients receiving glucocorticoid treatment, but long-term follow-up data was limited, highlighting the rarity and unique presentation of COVID-related hypophysitis.
Case Report: IgG4-Related Disease Presenting With Isolated Hypophysitis.
AACE Clin Case Rep
July 2024
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune condition that can affect multiple organs, including the pituitary gland, and can present as hypophysitis, which may mimic more severe issues like pituitary apoplexy.
- A 49-year-old woman experienced symptoms such as abdominal pain and low cortisol levels, leading to imaging that revealed a pituitary macroadenoma; however, surgery revealed the condition to be IgG4-related hypophysitis, not a tumor.
- Diagnosis and treatment of IgG4-RH involve imaging studies, blood tests, and histopathology, with glucocorticoids and hormone replacements being the primary therapies, emphasizing the need for awareness of this condition in
Article Synopsis
- Surgery is no longer the primary treatment for prolactinomas according to current guidelines, yet it's still important for certain cases, particularly those with complications or resistant to medication.
- The study analyzed 12 patients who underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for prolactinomas between 2013 and 2022, focusing on surgical indications, outcomes, and complications.
- Results showed that most patients had prior treatment with dopamine agonists and experienced complications like transient diabetes insipidus, with surgery effectively recommended for those with neurological symptoms or treatment failures.
Prevalence and Clinical Course of Water and Electrolyte Disturbances Following Transsphenoidal Pituitary Adenoma Surgery in Immediate and Early Postoperative Period: A Prospective Observational Study.
Indian J Endocrinol Metab
August 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers analyzed 58 patients post-surgery for issues like diabetes insipidus and hormone deficiencies, finding that 27.6% experienced transient diabetes insipidus immediately after surgery, with some continuing to have problems six weeks later.
- * Factors like apoplexy and the length of surgery were linked to the likelihood of developing diabetes insipidus, highlighting the need for ongoing follow-up to identify and treat any new hormone deficiencies effectively.
Prolactin deficiency in the context of other pituitary hormone abnormalities : Special issue: hypoprolactinemia: a neglected endocrine disorder.
Rev Endocr Metab Disord
December 2024
Institute of Endocrinology, Rabin Medical Center- Beilinson Hospital, 39 Jabotinksi St, Petach Tikva, 4941492, Israel.
Article Synopsis
- - Prolactin deficiency is uncommon and typically results from pituitary disorders such as large tumors and apoplexy, leading to hypopituitarism where prolactin is often the last hormone affected.
- - This deficiency can arise from various congenital syndromes and acquired conditions, including Sheehan syndrome and immune checkpoint-inhibitor-induced hypophysitis.
- - In women, low prolactin levels hinder lactation post-childbirth, but recombinant human prolactin has shown effectiveness in stimulating milk production in women with low levels.
Pituitary Apoplexy in Pregnancy: Neonatal Implications.
Neoreviews
October 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Giant pituitary macroadenoma with apoplexy presenting with isolated bilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy: illustrative case.
J Neurosurg Case Lessons
September 2024
Departments of Neurosurgery, Cooper University, Camden, New Jersey.
Article Synopsis
- Giant pituitary prolactinomas can cause rare but severe symptoms, such as acute hypoglossal nerve palsy and neurological decline, as highlighted in a case study of a 62-year-old woman with such a condition.
- The patient experienced a syncopal episode and difficulties with speech and swallowing, leading to imaging that identified a giant apoplectic pituitary tumor.
- Urgent surgery to decompress and reduce the tumor resulted in significant improvement in her symptoms, demonstrating the potential benefits of timely surgical intervention and the need for ongoing monitoring.
The oculomotor cistern and pituitary adenomas: anatomical and clinical study.
J Neurosurg
September 2024
2Neurosurgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Objective: The oculomotor cistern (OMC) is a meningeal cuff filled with CSF that contains the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve [CN] III) at the level of the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus. Only a few studies have investigated the involvement of the OMC by pituitary adenomas (pituitary neuroendocrine tumors [PitNETs]), mainly with relatively small case series. The aim of this study was to perform a histomorphological description of the OMC and systematically analyze its involvement by PitNETs from radiological, clinical, and surgical perspectives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistinct clinical characteristics and prognosis of pediatric-onset growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) patients compared to adult-onset patients.
Endocrine
September 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the unique clinical traits, treatments, and outcomes of pediatric-onset growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) patients compared to adults, aiming to enhance clinical strategies for these cases.
- Findings reveal that pediatric patients, predominantly male, often experience earlier complications, have higher hormone levels, and face more surgical risks than adults, despite similar cure rates.
- Both groups show a comparable recurrence rate, but pediatric patients are more prone to hypopituitarism, while adult patients have a higher incidence of other tumors, highlighting the need for tailored treatment approaches.
Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Hemorrhage and Pituitary Adenoma in a COVID-19-Positive Patient.
Cureus
August 2024
Department of Neuropathology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, MEX.
Article Synopsis
- Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are often asymptomatic but can lead to serious complications like severe headaches or bleeding; this case describes a woman who experienced a ruptured AVM causing intracerebral hemorrhage.
- During her surgery, doctors found and removed a non-functioning pituitary adenoma alongside the AVM, revealing various vascular and inflammatory changes in both tissues.
- Unfortunately, the patient tested positive for COVID-19 and died three days later, marking this as a rare instance of dual pathologies linked to the virus, including AVM rupture and brain infarcts.