Stretch-excitation correlation in the toad heart.

The activation sequence of the ventricular myocardium in ectotherms is a matter of debate. We studied the correlation between the ventricular activation sequence and the pattern of local stretches in 13 toads (). Epicardial potential mapping was done with a 56-lead sock array.

Contribution of Depolarization and Repolarization Changes to J-Wave Generation and Ventricular Fibrillation in Ischemia.

: Activation delay in ischemic myocardium has been found to contribute to J-wave appearance and to predict ventricular fibrillation (VF) in experimental myocardial infarction. However, the role of ischemia-related repolarization abnormalities in J-wave generation remains unclear. : The objective of our study was to assess a contribution of myocardial repolarization changes to J-wave generation in the body surface ECG and VF in a porcine acute myocardial infarction model.

Preventive Administration of Melatonin Attenuates Electrophysiological Consequences of Myocardial Ischemia.

The effect of preventive administration of melatonin on the arrhythmogenic substrate in the myocardium was studied in the rabbit model of acute ischemia/reperfusion in vivo. The animals treated with melatonin 60 min before ischemia induction had shorter median activation time compared to the control group (p=0.039), less pronounced shortening of repolarization durations in the ischemic zone during coronary occlusion (p=0.

Genome-Protecting Compounds as Potential Geroprotectors.

Throughout life, organisms are exposed to various exogenous and endogenous factors that cause DNA damages and somatic mutations provoking genomic instability. At a young age, compensatory mechanisms of genome protection are activated to prevent phenotypic and functional changes. However, the increasing stress and age-related deterioration in the functioning of these mechanisms result in damage accumulation, overcoming the functional threshold.

Terpenoids as Potential Geroprotectors.

Terpenes and terpenoids are the largest groups of plant secondary metabolites. However, unlike polyphenols, they are rarely associated with geroprotective properties. Here we evaluated the conformity of the biological effects of terpenoids with the criteria of geroprotectors, including primary criteria (lifespan-extending effects in model organisms, improvement of aging biomarkers, low toxicity, minimal adverse effects, improvement of the quality of life) and secondary criteria (evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of action, reproducibility of the effects on different models, prevention of age-associated diseases, increasing of stress-resistance).

The critical impacts of small RNA biogenesis proteins on aging, longevity and age-related diseases.

Small RNAs and enzymes that provide their biogenesis and functioning are involved in the organism development and coordination of biological processes, including metabolism, maintaining genome integrity, immune and stress responses. In this review, we focused on the role of small RNA biogenesis proteins in determining the aging and longevity of animals and human. A number of studies have revealed that changes in expression profiles of key enzymes, in particular proteins of the Drosha, Dicer and Argonaute families, are associated with the aging process, as well as with some age-related diseases and progeroid syndromes.

Risk factors for obstructive complications after endoscopic correction of vesico-ureteral reflux using polyacrylate polyalcohol copolymer.

Use of polyacrylate-polyalcohol copolymer (PPC) after endoscopic correction (EC) of vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) is highly effective but is associated with a higher risk of obstructive complications (OC) compared with other implants. We undertook a STROBE compliant retrospective investigation and studied the OC risk factors to increase the practical safety of PPC.Overall, 798 patients (464 [58.

[Features of chronic kidney disease in elderly patients.].

The purpose of the work is to study the characteristics of the course of chronic kidney disease in elderly patients based on the analysis of the register of chronic kidney disease (CKD) for 2015-2018. in the Department of Nephrology, the Komi Republican Clinical Hospital. There are 484 patients in the register, of whom 231 are men (47,7%), 253 women (52,3%).

[The results of treatment of newborns with postrenal anuria due to upper urinary tract obstruction, caused by fungal bezoar].

Aim: To evaluate the results of different methods of urine derivation in patients with postrenal anuria due to upper urinary tract (UUT) obstruction, caused by fungal bezoar.

Materials And Methods: The results of treatment of postrenal anuria in 8 patients without congenital obstructive anomalies of UUT in 5 clinics from 2004 to 2018 were analyzed. All patients from the birth received continuously two or more antibiotics for diseases not related to kidneys and the urinary tract.

Food addiction and symptoms of depression among inhabitants of the European North of Russia: Associations with sleep characteristics and photoperiod.

The purpose of this investigation was to study the sleep-wake rhythm characteristics of young persons with food addiction (FA) and symptoms of depression. A total of 2,360 young persons living in northern European Russia were included in the study. The average age of the respondents (± standard deviation [SD]) was 17.

Food addiction in young adult residents of Russia: Associations with emotional and anthropometric characteristics.

The incidence of food addiction (FA) and associations between FA and anthropometric and psycho-emotional characteristics of young Russian adults were studied. In this study, 1,237 students (age, M = 20.6, SD = 4.

Managing of ventricular reperfusion tachyarrhythmias - focus on a perfused myocardium.

In this study we tested a hypothesis that reperfusion ventricular tachyarrhythmias can be modified by direct control of repolarization duration in the perfused myocardium during ischemic exposure. After induction of coronary occlusion, three groups of rats were given agencies affecting repolarization duration tetraethylammonium (TEA) 4 mg/kg, n = 9; pinacidil (Pin) 0.3 mg/kg, n = 11, and saline as placebo (control) n = 10.

[Histological study of urethral plate: a search of the best material for surgical treatment of hypospadias in children].

Aim: to study the microstructure of the urethral plate in patients with a proximal form of hypospadias to justify the use of tissues from the ventral penile surface when creating an artificial urethra.

Materials And Methods: A histological study of surgical specimens from 10 patients with proximal hypospadias was carried out. The urethral plate, a strip of tissue from the ectopic external urethral orifice located in the penoscrotal angle, to the coronary sulcus, was completely excised and processed by various techniques.

Association Between Antiarrhythmic, Electrophysiological, and Antioxidative Effects of Melatonin in Ischemia/Reperfusion.

Melatonin is assumed to confer cardioprotective action via antioxidative properties. We evaluated the association between ventricular tachycardia and/or ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) incidence, oxidative stress, and myocardial electrophysiological parameters in experimental ischemia/reperfusion under melatonin treatment. Melatonin was given to 28 rats (10 mg/kg/day, orally, for 7 days) and 13 animals received placebo.

Chronotype, social jetlag, and time perspective.

The phase of entrainment (chronotype) is known to be associated with time perspective (TP), suggesting that the state of circadian system is involved in the long-term planning of human life. However, little is known regarding the influence of circadian misalignment on long-term planning ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between social jetlag (SJL) and TP.

The role of DNA repair genes in radiation-induced adaptive response in Drosophila melanogaster is differential and conditional.

Studies in human and mammalian cell cultures have shown that induction of DNA repair mechanisms is required for the formation of stimulation effects of low doses of ionizing radiation, named "hormesis". Nevertheless, the role of cellular defense mechanisms in the formation of radiation-induced hormesis at the level of whole organism remains poorly studied. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of genes involved in different mechanisms and stages of DNA repair in radioadaptive response and radiation hormesis by lifespan parameters in Drosophila melanogaster.

Extreme biomimetics: Preservation of molecular detail in centimeter-scale samples of biological meshes laid down by sponges.

Fabrication of biomimetic materials and scaffolds is usually a micro- or even nanoscale process; however, most testing and all manufacturing require larger-scale synthesis of nanoscale features. Here, we propose the utilization of naturally prefabricated three-dimensional (3D) spongin scaffolds that preserve molecular detail across centimeter-scale samples. The fine-scale structure of this collagenous resource is stable at temperatures of up to 1200°C and can produce up to 4 × 10-cm-large 3D microfibrous and nanoporous turbostratic graphite.

Prolongation of The Activation Time in Ischemic Myocardium is Associated with J-wave Generation in ECG and Ventricular Fibrillation.

J-wave pattern has been recognized as an arrhythmic risk marker, particularly in myocardial infarction patients. Mechanisms underlying J-wave development in ischemia remain unknown. In myocardial infarction model, we evaluated activation time delay as a prerequisite of J-wave appearance and predictor of ventricular fibrillation.

Multi-lead vs single-lead T -T interval measurements for prediction of reperfusion ventricular tachyarrhythmias.

Introduction: Electrocardiographic T -T interval (Tp-Te) is a promising marker for the prediction of ventricular tachycardia and/or ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF). The study was aimed to compare single-lead vs multilead Tp-Te variables as VT/VF predictors in experimental ischemia/reperfusion model.

Methods And Results: Computer simulations were done using the ECGSIM model with an ischemic region set in anterior left ventricular apex.

[Phyto pharmacological correction of functional state, hormonal status and memory productivity in patients of different ages with organic changes of brain vessels.].

The course intake of the nutritional supplement «Kardisten» normalizes increased levels of cortisol in the blood, optimizes the activity of the vessels of the brain, improving the functional state and leading to an increase in the productivity of short-term and long-term memory, more pronounced in the group of persons up to 50. At initial organic changes in the brain vessels, «Kardisten» significantly reduces the level of cortisol, increases to a greater extent the productivity of memory than at atherosclerosis. «Kardisten» activates the natural mechanisms of increasing the functional capabilities of an organism, exerting a beneficial effect on the body of adults and the elderly people, and can be recommended for the correction of physical, mental health and preservation of active longevity.

Prolonged T-T interval is associated with ventricular fibrillation during reperfusion in ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Aim: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) during reperfusion in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is associated with increased in-hospital mortality. Dispersion of ventricular repolarization contributes to ventricular vulnerability during ischemia. T-T interval was proposed as a ventricular repolarization dispersion marker, however its value for prediction of reperfusion VF remains uncertain.

Excitation of murine cardiac myocytes by nanosecond pulsed electric field.

Introduction: Opening of voltage-gated sodium channels takes tens to hundreds of microseconds, and mechanisms of their opening by nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) stimuli remain elusive. This study was aimed at uncovering the mechanisms of how nsPEF elicits action potentials (APs) in cardiomyocytes.

Methods And Results: Fluorescent imaging of optical APs (FluoVolt) and Ca -transients (Fluo-4) was performed in enzymatically isolated murine ventricular cardiomyocytes stimulated by 200-nanosecond trapezoidal pulses.

[Modification of two-stage technique of bracka with preservation and tubularization of the urethral plate for repair of proximal hypospadias].

Introduction: Surgical treatment of proximal hypospadias is associated with a number of difficulties and unsuccessful repeated interventions. The changing approaches to the treatment of hypospadias with the revision of the attitude to urethral plate provide new opportunities in resolving this problem.

Aim: to improve the results of surgical correction of hypospadias by creating "artificial" urethra that is very close to a native one in its functional qualities.

Circadian clock genes' overexpression in Drosophila alters diet impact on lifespan.

Diet restriction is one of the most accurately confirmed interventions which extend lifespan. Genes coding circadian core clock elements are known to be the key controllers of cell metabolism especially in aging aspect. The molecular mechanisms standing behind the phenomenon of diet-restriction-mediated life extension are connected to circadian clock either.

[Disorders of sexual differentiation in children: a critical look at open questions (part II)].

Surgical management of children with disorders of sexual differentiation (DSD) is one of the most difficult problems in pediatric urology. In the second part of the article we continue to discuss the controversies concerning the surgical management of patients with the classical form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and 46, XX karyotype - feminizing genitoplasty and its different types.