Effect of air-drying on the solvent evaporation, degree of conversion and water sorption/solubility of dental adhesive models.

This study evaluated protocols to eliminate acetone from dental adhesives and their effect on the kinetic of water sorption and percent of conversion of these adhesives. Experimental methacrylate-based adhesives with increasing hydrophilicity (R2, R3, R5) were used as reference materials. Primer-like solutions were prepared by addition of 50 wt% acetone.

Influence of the curing mode on fluoride ion release of self-adhesive resin luting cements in water or during pH-cycling regimen.

This study evaluated the effects of curing modes and storage conditions on fluoride release of resin cements. In phase 1, the cumulative fluoride release rate from samples of the resin cements (Panavia F 2.0, RelyX Unicem, MaxCem, and BisCem) was quantified after 15 days storage in water (n=4).

Effect of surface sealants on microleakage of Class II restorations after thermocycling and long-term water storage.

Purpose: To evaluate interface degradation leading to marginal microleakeage in Class II restorations that had received an application of surface sealant at the tooth/restoration interface or not.

Materials And Methods: Eighty bovine incisors were used, and the teeth were split obliquely, 10 mm from the amelodentinal proximal junction, and finished with water abrasive papers to obtain a smooth, flat incisal surface. Cavities were made to simulate Class II preparations (8 mm high, 4 mm wide and 1.

Surface treatment of glass fiber and carbon fiber posts: SEM characterization.

Morphology, etching patterns, surface modification, and characterization of 2 different fiber posts: Gfp, Glass fiber post; and Cfp, carbon fiber were investigated by SEM analysis, after different surface treatments. Thirty fiber posts, being 15 Gfp and 15 Cfp were divided into a 5 surface treatments (n = 3): C-alcohol 70% (control); HF 4%-immersion in 4% hydrofluoric acid for 1min; H(3) PO(4) 37%-immersion in 37% phosphoric acid for 30s; H(2) O(2) 10%-immersion in 10% hydrogen peroxide for 20 min; H(2) O(2) 24%-immersion in 24% hydrogen peroxide for 10 min. Morphology, etching patterns, surface modification and surface characterization were acessed by SEM analysis.

Effect of disinfection and accelerated aging on color stability of colorless and pigmented facial silicone.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the color stability of a facial silicone with different pigmentations submitted to disinfection and accelerated aging.

Materials And Methods: Sixty replicas were fabricated with the silicone Silastic MDX 4-4210 and divided into three groups: no pigmentation, pigmentation with makeup powder, and pigmentation with ceramic powder. Half the replicas of each group were submitted to disinfection with Efferdent and the other with neutral soap for 60 days (n = 10).

Effect of oxalate desensitizer on the durability of resin-bonded interfaces.

Potassium oxalate desensitizers were previously shown to effectively reduce the immediate permeability of resin-bonded dentin. The current study evaluated whether the effect of the combined application of oxalate with etch-and-rinse adhesives interferes with the durability of resin-dentin bonds when using etch-and-rinse adhesives. The bond strength of resin-bonded dentin specimens composed of two-step or three-step etch-and-rinse adhesives (Single Bond, One-Step and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, respectively) was tested immediately (24 hours) and after 12 months of water storage.

Lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis sensitizes capsaicin-sensitive nociceptors.

Although odontogenic infections are often accompanied by pain, little is known about the potential mechanisms mediating this effect. In this study we tested the hypothesis that trigeminal nociceptive neurons are directly sensitized by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from an endodontic pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis. In vitro studies conducted with cultures of rat trigeminal neurons demonstrated that pretreatment with LPS produced a significant increase in the capsaicin-evoked release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) when compared with vehicle pretreatment, thus showing sensitization of the capsaicin receptor, TRPV1, by LPS.

Evaluation of the conversion degree, microhardness, and surface roughness of composite resins used after their expiration date.

This study evaluated the conversion degree associated with microhardness and surface roughness of four composite resins used 180 days before and after their expiration dates. Ten specimens of each composite were made in a Teflon matrix (2 mm x 7 mm), separated into two groups (n = 10), and submitted to Vickers microhardness (a 10 N load for 15 seconds), R(a)roughness (cut-off 0.25 mm), and conversion degree evaluation.

Occlusal interferences: how can this concept influence the clinical practice?

This brief review discusses the role of occlusal interferences on the development and progression of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and postural disorders. The eligible literature is described and critically presented to demonstrate that occlusal interferences are an important factor in the risk of TMD. Several studies have demonstrated through their findings that the use of occlusal adjustments, whether or not associated with restorative procedures, might avoid the development of articular problems in vulnerable patients.

Protective Effect of Sodium Ascorbate on MDPC-23 Odontoblast-Like Cells Exposed to a Bleaching Agent.

Objectives: To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of a bleaching agent composed of 0.01% carbamide peroxide (CP; 2.21mug/ml H(2)O(2)) on the MDPC-23 odontoblastic cell line, and to determine whether sodium ascorbate (SA) is capable of reducing, or even eliminating, the toxic effects caused by this bleaching agent.

Effect of the diffusion of bleaching agents through enamel on dentin bonding at different depths.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of two concentrations of bleaching agents applied over enamel surfaces on the dentin bonding at different depths.

Methods: Twenty-four bovine incisors were sectioned, obtaining three fragments per tooth (4x4 mm). Each fragment presented a 0.

Transdentinal protective role of sodium ascorbate against the cytopathic effects of H2O2 released from bleaching agents.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the transdentinal cytotoxicity of 10% and 16% carbamide peroxide gel (CP), as well as the ability of the antioxidant, 10% sodium ascorbate (SA), to protect the odontoblasts in culture.

Study Design: Human dentin discs of 0.5-mm thickness were obtained and were placed into artificial pulp chambers.

Bond strength of a self-adhesive resinous cement to root dentin irradiated with a 980-nm diode laser.

Objective: To assess the bond strength of Rely-X Unicem (RX), in comparison with Cement-Post (CP), to the cervical, middle and apical thirds of root canal dentin irradiated with a 980-nm diode laser.

Material And Methods: Forty maxillary canines were separated into four equal groups according to the cement used and the laser surface treatment: RX/laser irradiation (LI) group; RX/no irradiation (NI) group; CP/LI group; and CP/NI group. Two slices (2-mm thick) of each root third were submitted to a push-out test to assess the bond strength of the cement to the root canal dentin.

Effect of curing mode on bond strength of self-adhesive resin luting cements to dentin.

In this study, the in vitro bond strength of dual-curing resin cements to indirect composite restorations when the cement was either light polymerized or allowed to only autopolymerize was evaluated. Occlusal dentin surfaces of 56 extracted human third molars were flattened to expose coronal dentin. Teeth were assigned to eight groups (n = 7) according to resin cement products and polymerization modes: conventional cement (Panavia F 2.

Assessment of the polymerization contraction stress of composites photoactivated by halogen light and light-emitting diode.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the polymerization contraction stress of composites photoactivated by two light sources: quartz tungsten halogen light (QTH) and light emitting diode (LED).

Methods: Glass rods were fabricated (5.0 mm X 5.

Biocompatibility evaluation of Epiphany/Resilon root canal filling system in subcutaneous tissue of rats.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of the root canal filling system Epiphany/Resilon in connective tissue of rats.

Methods: Fifteen rats were used, separated into 3 groups in accordance with its period of death (7, 21, 42 days). Four filled dentin tubes were implanted with the tested materials as follows: ERSP group, Epiphany/Resilon with Self-etch Primer; ER group, Epiphany/Resilon without primer; EG group, Endofill/gutta-percha points; and ET group, empty tube.

Effectiveness of resin composite polymerization when cured at different depths and with different curing lights.

This study evaluated how photocuring devices affected the microhardness of composite resin cylinders. For this study, 120 specimens of composite were fabricated and allocated randomly into 12 groups (n = 10), according to the light source (quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH), LED, argon laser, plasma arc) and the height of the specimen (2.0, 4.

In vitro analysis of the cement film thickness of two endodontic sealers in the apical region.

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate in vitro film thickness of two endodontic sealers containing epoxy-resin and zinc-oxide-eugenol, respectively in the apical region of the root canal system.

Materials And Methods: A total of 20 palatine roots of the first maxillary molars were submitted to instrumentation up to a #40 file by the step-back technique and irrigated with 2 ml of NaOCl after each change of file. The roots were divided at random into two groups of 10 elements; one group was sealed with the Sealer 26 cement and the other one with the EndoFill cement using the classical technique.

In situ and in vitro comparison of laser fluorescence with visual inspection in detecting occlusal caries lesions.

The aim of this study was to compare the in situ and in vitro performances of a laser fluorescence (LF) device (DIAGNOdent 2095) with visual inspection for the detection of occlusal caries in permanent teeth. Sixty-four sites were selected, and visual inspection and LF assessments were carried out, in vitro, three times by two independent examiners, with a 1-week interval between evaluations. Afterwards, the occlusal surfaces were mounted on the palatal portion of removable acrylic orthodontic appliances and placed in six volunteers.

Electromyographic evaluation in children having rapid maxillary expansion.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the electromyographic activity of the masseter and temporalis muscles of children having rapid maxillary expansion (RME) with a bonded rapid maxillary expansion appliance.

Methods: The sample consisted of 27 children (mean age, 8.6 years) with posterior crossbite who required RME treatment.

Fluoride-containing adhesive: durability on dentin bonding.

Objectives: To evaluate (1) the influence of fluoride-containing adhesive on microtensile bond strength (microTBS) and (2) in vitro secondary caries inhibition at the resin-dentin interface after 24 h and 3 months water-storage and (3) the degree of conversion of different adhesives after 24h 1 month.

Methods: Flat surfaces of human teeth were ground and randomly assigned to six groups: (SBMP-24) Scotchbond Multi-Purpose control [SBMP], 24 h; (SE-24) SBMP etch and primer+Clearfil SE Bond adhesive [SE], 24h; (PB-24) SBMP etch and primer+Clearfil Protect Bond adhesive [PB], 24h; (SBMP-3) SBMP, 3 months; (SE-3) SBMP+SE, 3 months; and (PB-3) SBMP+PB, 3 months. To evaluate the effect of the adhesive resin alone, all teeth were etched with 35% phosphoric acid and primed with SBMP primer prior to applying the adhesive resin.

The service life of implant-retained overdenture attachment systems.

Statement Of Problem: Implant-retained overdentures are a treatment option for patients who are not satisfied with conventional complete dentures. Although implant-retained overdentures are widely used, little data are available or provided by implant manufacturers about retentive strength and wear of attachments.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate retentive strength and fatigue resistance of 4 overdenture bar-and-clip attachment systems.

Effects of ethanol addition on the water sorption/solubility and percent conversion of comonomers in model dental adhesives.

Objectives: This study evaluated the kinetics of water uptake and percent conversion in neat versus ethanol-solvated resins that were formulated to be used as dental bonding agents.

Methods: Five methacrylate-based resins of known and increasing hydrophilicities (R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5) were used as reference materials. Resins were evaluated as neat bonding agents (100% resin) or they were solvated with absolute ethanol (95% resin/5% ethanol or 85% resin/15% ethanol).

Effect of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate on the bond strength to normal versus caries-affected dentin.

This study evaluated the effect of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) used as a therapeutic primer on the long-term bond strengths of two etch-and-rinse adhesives to normal (ND) and caries-affected (CAD) dentin. Forty extracted human molars with coronal carious lesions, surrounded by normal dentin, were selected for this study. The flat surfaces of two types of dentin (ND and CAD) were prepared with a water-cooled high-speed diamond disc, then acid-etched, rinsed and air-dried.

Cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of a carbamide peroxide bleaching gel on odontoblast-like cells MDPC-23.

This study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of a carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gel at different concentrations on odontoblast-like cells. Immortalized cells of the MDPC-23 cell line (30,000 cells/cm(2)) were incubated for 48 h. The bleaching gel was diluted in DMEM culture medium originating extracts with different CP concentrations.