Cell-Free Systems to Mimic and Expand Metabolism.

Cell-free synthetic biology incorporates purified components and/or crude cell extracts to carry out metabolic and genetic programs. While protein synthesis has historically been the primary focus, more metabolism researchers are now turning toward cell-free systems either to prototype pathways for cellular implementation or to design new-to-nature reaction networks that incorporate environmentally relevant substrates or new energy sources. The ability to design, build, and test enzyme combinations has accelerated efforts to understand metabolic bottlenecks and engineer high-yielding pathways.

Transient Triplet Metallopnictinidenes M-Pn (M = Pd, Pt; Pn = P, As, Sb): Characterization and Dimerization.

Nitrenes (R-N) have been subject to a large body of experimental and theoretical studies. The fundamental reactivity of this important class of transient intermediates has been attributed to their electronic structures, particularly the accessibility of triplet vs singlet states. In contrast, electronic structure trends along the heavier pnictinidene analogues (R-Pn; Pn = P-Bi) are much less systematically explored.

Theta transcranial alternating current stimulation over the prefrontal cortex enhances theta power and working memory performance.

Introduction: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a promising tool for modulating brain oscillations. This study investigated whether 5 Hz tACS could modulate neural oscillations in the prefrontal cortex and how this modulation impacts performance in working memory (WM) tasks.

Method: In two sessions, 28 healthy participants received 5 Hz tACS or sham stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) while performing tasks with high and low WM loads.

Non-comparability and unplannability as material topoi in antenatal care conversations.

Objective: This paper studies argumentation and its function to establish common ground in pregnancy counseling conversations during the third trimester of the pregnancy, focusing on two material topoi: Non-comparability and Unplannability.

Methods: We take a conversation-analytical and interactional approach and draw on 37 natural occurring counseling conversations, videorecorded during two periods at a university hospital. The conversations are typically between the midwife and the pregnant woman.

Allosteric regulation of pyruvate kinase enables efficient and robust gluconeogenesis by preventing metabolic conflicts and carbon overflow.

Gluconeogenesis, the reciprocal pathway of glycolysis, is an energy-consuming process that generates glycolytic intermediates from non-carbohydrate sources. In this study, we demonstrate that robust and efficient gluconeogenesis in bacteria relies on the allosteric inactivation of pyruvate kinase, the enzyme responsible for the irreversible final step of glycolysis. Using the model bacterium as an example, we discovered that pyruvate kinase activity is inhibited during gluconeogenesis via its extra C-terminal domain (ECTD), which is essential for autoinhibition and metabolic regulation.

Headache after pediatric traumatic brain injury: a comparison between a post-acute sample of children and adolescents and general population.

Background: Headache is one of the most common post-concussion symptoms following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). To better understand its impact on young individuals, this study aims to investigate the prevalence of headache in a German-speaking post-acute pediatric TBI sample and compare it with the general population. In addition, factors associated with the development of pediatric post-TBI headache are investigated to improve the understanding of this condition.

The Diagnostic Assessment of Inherited Platelet Function Defects.

In this article, our goal is to offer an introduction and overview of the diagnostic approach to inherited platelet function defects (iPFDs) for clinicians and laboratory personnel who are beginning to engage in the field. We describe the most commonly used laboratory methods and propose a diagnostic four-step approach, wherein each stage requires a higher level of expertise and more specialized methods. It should be noted that our proposed approach differs from the ISTH Guidance on this topic in some points.

Guidelines International Network: Principles for Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Health Guideline Enterprise.

Description: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been defined by the High-Level Expert Group on AI of the European Commission as "systems that display intelligent behaviour by analysing their environment and taking actions-with some degree of autonomy-to achieve specific goals." Artificial intelligence has the potential to support guideline planning, development and adaptation, reporting, implementation, impact evaluation, certification, and appraisal of recommendations, which we will refer to as "guideline enterprise." Considering this potential, as well as the lack of guidance for the use of AI in guidelines, the Guidelines International Network (GIN) proposes a set of principles for the development and use of AI tools or processes to support the health guideline enterprise.

Human-like face pareidolia emerges in deep neural networks optimized for face and object recognition.

The human visual system possesses a remarkable ability to detect and process faces across diverse contexts, including the phenomenon of face pareidolia--seeing faces in inanimate objects. Despite extensive research, it remains unclear why the visual system employs such broadly tuned face detection capabilities. We hypothesized that face pareidolia results from the visual system's optimization for recognizing both faces and objects.

A Short Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Assessment Scale for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy.

Background: Patients with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) suffer from several neuropsychological impairments. These mainly affect the frontal lobe and subcortical brain structures. However, a scale for the assessment of cognitive and neuropsychiatric disability in PSP is still missing.

The influence of expectations on shame, rumination and cognitive flexibility: an experimental investigation on affect-regulatory characteristics of deceptive placebos.

Background: Several studies identified affect-regulatory qualities of deceptive placebos within negative and positive affect. However, which specific characteristics of an affect-regulatory framing impacts the placebo effect has not yet been subject to empirical investigations. In particular, it is unclear whether placebo- induced expectations of direct emotion inhibition or emotion regulation after emotion induction elicit stronger effects in affect regulation.

Comparing a new visuospatial intervention administered 3 days after a trauma film to reduce the occurrence of intrusive visual memories: a single-center randomized, controlled trial in healthy participants.

Introduction: Intrusive memories occur frequently after potentially traumatic events and form a core symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) if they persist. The translational approach of visuospatial interventions tries to target those intrusive memories in order to reduce their frequency predominantly using an intervention including as one component the computer game Despite promising results, the application of has critical drawbacks, e.g.

Roads to remission: evolving treatment concepts in type 2 inflammatory diseases.

Unlabelled: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) characterised by type 2 inflammation, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, atopic dermatitis, food allergies and eosinophilic esophagitis, are increasing in prevalence worldwide. Currently, there is a major paradigm shift in the management of these diseases, towards the concept of disease modification and the treatment goal remission, regardless of severity and age. Remission as a treatment goal in chronic inflammatory NCDs was first introduced in rheumatoid arthritis, and then adopted in other non-type 2 inflammatory diseases.

Cutaneous reactions to vaccination.

Vaccination is a fundamental principle of preventive health care. Administration of the vaccine, which contains the antigen(s) of a pathogen, activates the immune system and provides protection against infection. The immunogenicity and allergenicity of a vaccine may lead to various adverse reactions, depending on the responsiveness and susceptibility of the vaccinated individual.

A safe haven for cancer cells: tumor plus stroma control by DYRK1B.

The development of resistance remains one of the biggest challenges in clinical cancer patient care and it comprises all treatment modalities from chemotherapy to targeted or immune therapy. In solid malignancies, drug resistance is the result of adaptive processes occurring in cancer cells or the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). Future therapy attempts will therefore benefit from targeting both, tumor and stroma compartments and drug targets which affect both sides will be highly appreciated.

Dengue virus is particularly sensitive to interference with long-chain fatty acid elongation and desaturation.

Orthoflaviviruses are emerging arthropod-borne pathogens whose replication cycle is tightly linked to host lipid metabolism. Previous lipidomic studies demonstrated that infection with the closely related hepatitis C virus (HCV) changes the fatty acid (FA) profile of several lipid classes. Lipids in HCV-infected cells had more very long-chain and desaturated FAs and viral replication relied on functional FA elongation and desaturation.

Behind closed doors: Homeboundness and psychosocial outcomes. Evidence from a longitudinal study of middle-aged and older adults.

Objectives: To examine how homeboundness is associated with psychosocial outcomes in terms of life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect and loneliness among middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: Longitudinal data were taken from the nationally representative sample German Ageing Survey (wave 1 to wave 4; n = 18,491 observations). This study included community-dwelling individuals aged 40 years and over in Germany.

Leveraging Single-Cell Multi-Omics to Decode Tumor Microenvironment Diversity and Therapeutic Resistance.

Recent developments in single-cell multi-omics technologies have provided the ability to identify diverse cell types and decipher key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to important advancements toward a much deeper understanding of how tumor microenvironment heterogeneity contributes to cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. These technologies are able to integrate data from molecular genomic, transcriptomic, proteomics, and metabolomics studies of cells at a single-cell resolution scale that give rise to the full cellular and molecular complexity in the TME. Understanding the complex and sometimes reciprocal relationships among cancer cells, CAFs, immune cells, and ECs has led to novel insights into their immense heterogeneity in functions, which can have important consequences on tumor behavior.

The Role of Impella in Cardiogenic Shock Complicated by an Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis.

Emerging evidence suggests the role of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices in the therapy of refractory cardiogenic shock (CS). However, largerandomized trials addressing the role of Impella in the therapy of infarct-associated CS are sparse. As such, evidence coming from comprehensive retrospective studies or meta-analyses is of major importance in order to clarify the role of the Impella device in this setting.

Exploring CAR T-Cell Dynamics: Balancing Potent Cytotoxicity and Controlled Inflammation in CAR T-Cells Derived from Systemic Sclerosis and Myositis Patients.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), and idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM) are autoimmune diseases managed with long-term immunosuppressive therapies. Hu19-CD828Z, a fully human anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) with a CD28 costimulatory domain, is engineered to potently deplete B-cells. In this study, we manufactured Hu19-CD828Z CAR T-cells from peripheral blood of SLE, IIM, and SSc patients and healthy donors (HDs).