Risk Factors and Impact of Intra-Articular Scarring After Open Reduction and Internal Fixation in Mandibular Condylar Head Fractures-A Prospective Analysis.

During the routine removal of osteosynthesis materials after surgical treatment (ORIF) of condylar head fractures (CHFs), as performed at our clinic, localised and sometimes pronounced intra-articular scarring were observed quite regularly. This prospective study therefore investigates the causes of intra-articular scarring and its impact on functionality after surgical treatment (ORIF) of condylar head fractures (CHFs). Moreover, 80/98 patients with 96/114 CHFs (ORIF between 2014 and 2024) were evaluated when performing hardware removal.

Proximal Femur Fractures: Evaluating the Necessity of On-Call Surgery.

The decision of the Joint Federal Committee on the treatment of hip fractures stipulates that proximal femur fractures must be treated within the first 24 h. This leads to organizational and personnel difficulties in day-to-day care. Therefore, we investigated the question at what times of day we operate to maintain this timeline and whether there is a difference in the outcome for the patients according to treatment hours.

Optimized Spheroid Model of Pancreatic Cancer Demonstrates Influence of Macrophage-T Cell Interaction for Intratumoral T Cell Motility.

Background: Most spheroid models use size measurements as a primary readout parameter; some models extend analysis to T cell infiltration or perform caspase activation assays. However, to our knowledge, T cell motility analysis is not regularly included as an endpoint in imaging studies on cancer spheroids.

Methods: Here, we intend to demonstrate that motility analysis of macrophages and T cells is a valuable functional endpoint for studies on molecular interventions in the tumor microenvironment.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: Key considerations in the multidisciplinary team approach.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a recurrent inflammatory disease associated with several comorbidities and a significant disease burden for patients. Treatments include corticosteroids and sinonasal surgery, but these can be associated with the risk of adverse events and nasal polyp recurrence. Biologic treatments such as mepolizumab can be used as an add-on treatment and are effective at reducing surgery and corticosteroid use.

Easy to use particle-mediated transport of various dissolved active agents into the hair follicles - A novel platform technology.

The use of nanoparticulate systems for the transport of active ingredients into hair follicles has been researched for almost two decades, resulting in countless publications with a wide variety of particle types, release mechanisms and active ingredients. The production of a stable dispersion is often time-consuming and costly. In this publication, we demonstrate for the first time that simply adding diverse submicron particles to a drug solution significantly increases follicular penetration depth by over 160% to 190%, allowing the targeting of subinfundibular structures.

[Treatment of severe flares in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis].

Background: In chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), severe flares are characterized by intense inflammatory activity and a high disease burden for patients. Treatment addresses both short-term goals (e.g.

Influence of radiotherapy on cardiac implantable devices and leads-a single-institution analysis and critical evaluation of current guidelines.

Purpose: Increasing life expectancy and advances in cancer treatment will lead to more patients needing both radiation therapy (RT) and cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). CIEDs, including pacemakers and defibrillators, are essential for managing cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure. Telemetric monitoring of CIEDs checks battery status, lead function, settings, and diagnostic data, thereby identifying software deviations or damage.

Assessment of decision-making with locally run and web-based large language models versus human board recommendations in otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery.

Introduction: Tumor boards are a cornerstone of modern cancer treatment. Given their advanced capabilities, the role of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating tumor board decisions for otorhinolaryngology (ORL) head and neck surgery is gaining increasing attention. However, concerns over data protection and the use of confidential patient information in web-based LLMs have restricted their widespread adoption and hindered the exploration of their full potential.

DARPin-induced reactivation of p53 in HPV-positive cells.

Infection of cells with high-risk strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cancer in various types of epithelial tissue. HPV infections are responsible for ~4.5% of all cancers worldwide.

Overfeeding and overweight rapidly reprogram inflammatory signaling.

Epidemiologic studies have shown a continuous increase in mortality risk associated with overweight, thus highlighting the health risks beginning before the onset of obesity. However, early changes in inflammatory signaling induced by an obesogenic diet remain largely unknown since studies of obesity typically utilize models induced by months of continuous exposure to a high-fat diet. Here, we investigated how short-term overfeeding remodels inflammatory signaling.

Results of F-choline and C-methionine positron emission tomography/computed tomography for the preoperative localization of hyperfunctional parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Background: Preoperative localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism is essential for successful parathyroid surgery, particularly in patients with previous negative imaging or reoperations.

Methods: A multicenter registry study was performed in 776 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism from 53 hospitals in Germany and Austria who underwent parathyroid surgery after preoperative F-choline or C-methionine positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).

Results: In 683 of 776 patients (88%) (78% female, aged 15-86 years), primary hyperparathyroidism was caused by a single-gland parathyroid adenoma.

Posttraumatic growth after stroke: A longitudinal observational study.

Purpose/objective: This study investigated the development of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in relatively young persons with stroke. It examined the contribution of potential predictive variables and their changes over time.

Research Method/design: Participants completed questionnaires at baseline ( = 78, median time since injury = 47 days) and 3 ( = 53) and 6 months ( = 47) later.

Activity and safety of avelumab in high-grade neuroendocrine tumors and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas progressive after chemotherapy (AveNEC trial).

Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasias grade 3 (NEN G3) are rare tumors with poor prognosis and no established second-line therapy. The role of immune checkpoint blockade in these aggressive tumors remains unclear.

Methods: The phase II AVENEC study evaluated the effect of avelumab (AVE, 10 mg/kg IV Q2W) in 60 patients with well-differentiated high-grade neuroendocrine tumors (NET G3, N=22) or poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC, N=38) progressing after ≥ one prior chemotherapy (excluding Merkel cell and small-cell lung cancer).

RAD51 testing in patients with early HER2-negative breast cancer and homologous recombination deficiency: post-hoc analysis of the GeparOla trial.

Purpose: The randomized GeparOla trial reported comparable pathological complete response (pCR) rates with neoadjuvant containing olaparib vs. carboplatin treatment. Here, we evaluate the association between functional homologous repair deficiency (HRD) by RAD51 foci and pCR, and the potential of improving patient selection by combining RAD51 and stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs).

Neural Evidence for Feature-based Distractor Inhibition.

Interference from a salient distractor is typically reduced when the appearance of the distractor follows either spatial or feature-based regularities. Although there is a growing body of literature on distractor location learning, the understanding of distractor feature learning remains limited. In the current study, we investigated distractor feature learning by using EEG measures.

Engineering carbon assimilation in plants.

Carbon assimilation is a crucial part of the photosynthetic process, wherein inorganic carbon, typically in the form of CO, is converted into organic compounds by living organisms, including plants, algae, and a subset of bacteria. Although several carbon fixation pathways have been elucidated, the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle remains fundamental to carbon metabolism, playing a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of starch and sucrose in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. However, Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO), the key carboxylase enzyme of the CBB cycle, exhibits low kinetic efficiency, low substrate specificity, and high temperature sensitivity, all of which have the potential to limit flux through this pathway.

Identifying clusters of raters with a common notion of diagnosing erosive tooth wear: a step towards improving the accuracy of diagnostic procedures.

Background: Heterogeneous results are to be expected when multiple raters diagnose whether the dentine of a tooth with erosive tooth wear (ETW) is exposed or not. Identification of notions (fundamental concepts and understanding) about the diagnostic problem shared by groups of raters can be helpful to develop guidelines and to optimize teaching and calibration procedures. We aim to illustrate how clusters of raters with a common notion can be identified and how first insights about the notions can be obtained.

Development of a pandemic-related core set of quality indicators for quality and patient safety in University Hospitals in Germany.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic entailed a global health crisis, significantly affecting medical service delivery in Germany as well as elsewhere. While intensive care capacities were overloaded by COVID cases, not only elective cases but also non-COVID cases requiring urgent treatment unexpectedly decreased, potentially leading to a deterioration in health outcomes. However, these developments were only uncovered retrospectively.

GOLD grade-specific characterization of COPD in the COSYCONET multi-center trial: comparison of semiquantitative MRI and quantitative CT.

Objectives: We hypothesized that semiquantitative visual scoring of lung MRI is suitable for GOLD-grade specific characterization of parenchymal and airway disease in COPD and that MRI scores correlate with quantitative CT (QCT) and pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters.

Methods: Five hundred ninety-eight subjects from the COSYCONET study (median age = 67 (60-72)) at risk for COPD or with GOLD1-4 underwent PFT, same-day paired inspiratory/expiratory CT, and structural and contrast-enhanced MRI. QCT assessed total lung volume (TLV), emphysema, and air trapping by parametric response mapping (PRM, PRM) and airway disease by wall percentage (WP).

A Novel Lineage of Endosymbiotic Actinomycetales: Genome Reduction and Acquisition of New Functions in Bifidobacteriaceae Associated With Termite Gut Flagellates.

Cellulolytic flagellates are essential for the symbiotic digestion of lignocellulose in the gut of lower termites. Most species are associated with host-specific consortia of bacterial symbionts from various phyla. 16S rRNA-based diversity studies and taxon-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed a termite-specific clade of Actinomycetales that colonise the cytoplasm of Trichonympha spp.

Isolation and Structure Elucidation of the Heterocumulene Anions [NCC-L]- (L = CO, CS, N2).

Cumulenes are molecules characterized by a series of consecutive double bonds. They serve as important reagents and intermediates in the synthesis of polymers and a wide variety of functionalized compounds, including various heterocycles. Understanding the properties of cumulenes and developing synthetic routes to these often highly reactive species is essential for unlocking new applications.

[Mental illness in old age - why we need a new perspective].

The clinical pictures of older patients with mental illnesses are often very complex, individual disorders appear less distinct, which is also confirmed in epidemiological studies. The article develops the hypothesis of a dedifferentiation of clinical pictures in old age. Deficits in executive functions in old age are discussed as a possible cause.

Genome-based development and clinical evaluation of a customized LAMP panel to rapidly detect, quantify, and determine antibiotic sensitivity of Escherichia coli in native urine samples from urological patients.

Purpose: We designed and tested a point of care test panel to detect E.coli and antibiotic susceptibility in urine samples from patients at the point of care in the urological department. The aim of this approach is to facilitate choosing an appropriate antibiotic for urinary tract infections (UTI) at first presentation in the context of increasing antibiotic resistance in uropathogens worldwide.

Forearm elevation impairs local static handgrip endurance likely through reduction in vascular conductance and perfusion pressure: revisiting Rohmert's curve.

Maximal isometric contraction time (MICT) is critical for most motor tasks and depends on skeletal muscle blood flow at < 40% of maximal voluntary strength (MVC). Whether limb work positions associated with reduced perfusion pressure and facilitated vessel compression affect MICT is largely unknown. In 14 healthy young men we therefore assessed bilateral handgrip MICT at 15, 20, 30, 40, and 70% of MVC in horizontal forearm positions of 0.