Anatomical basis for pelvic lymphadenectomy in prostate cancer: results of an autopsy study and implications for the clinic.

Purpose: Pelvic lymphadenectomy remains the most reliable method to prove lymph node metastases in prostate cancer. However, evaluation of lymphadenectomy to be complete and sufficient as judged by the number of removed lymph nodes in hampered by the fact that, in contrast to other malignancies (for example breast or gastric cancer), anatomical studies investigating the regular and average number of pelvic lymph nodes are missing. We established an anatomically based standard for pelvic lymphadenectomy.

Neomycin-induced perception deafness following bladder irrigation in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Objective: To report a serious side-effect of intravesical instillations of neomycin in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Patients And Methods: Three patients (two men and a woman, aged 51.71 and 54 respectively) with end-stage renal disease who had undergone bladder irrigation with neomycin sulphate solution suffered complete irreversible deafness, which was assessed by audiogram.

Isolated clinical syndrome of primary aldosteronism in a patient with adrenocortical carcinoma. Case report and review of the literature.

Primary carcinoma of the adrenal cortex is an extremely rare neoplasm, accounting for an estimated 0.05-0.2% of all malignancies.

Primary osteosarcoma of the kidney. Case report and review of literature.

Primary osteosarcoma of the kidney is an extremely rare phenomenon with less than 20 previously reported cases in the English literature since 1936. Diagnosis usually is made in advanced stages of disease with weight loss, palpable tumor, flank pain and gross hematuria being the characteristic features of clinical presentation. Radiographically bizarre renal calcifications may be suggestive of this uncommon neoplasm.

Tumor-forming eosinophilic cystitis in children. Case report and review of literature.

Eosinophilic cystitis is an unusual bladder lesion of unclear etiology first described in 1960. It usually causes irritative voiding symptoms and hematuria and in its rare tumor-like appearance the disease may mimic an invasive bladder neoplasm. In the report herein, a case of an 11-year-old boy with a tumor-forming eosinophilic cystitis is presented which was mistaken for an infiltrative vesical malignancy until the histopathological study was completed.