DSM25988 as novel bioactive agent to co-aggregate and to exclude it by binding to human cells.

, a group A streptococcus, is the major bacterial pathogen responsible for acute bacterial infection of the human oropharynx and the causative agent of scarlet fever. Estimates of the global burden of related diseases revealed 616 million cases of pharyngitis, and at least 517,000 deaths due to severe invasive diseases and sequelae. Here we describe DSM25988 that was identified among hundreds of strains (referring to all organisms that were classified as until 2020) showing ability to prevent adhesion of to Detroit 562 cells, and to exhibit a masking and co-aggregating effect on .

Prevalence of Infectious Diseases Among 6078 Individuals With Down Syndrome in the United States.

A recent disease prevalence study of the largest documented Down syndrome (DS) cohort in the United States strongly suggested significant disparity in general infectious disease conditions among individuals with DS versus those without DS. In this follow-up retrospective analysis, we explored these differences in greater detail by calculating prevalence of 52 infectious diseases, across 28 years of data among 6078 individuals with DS and 30,326 age- and sex-matched controls, abstracted from electronic medical records within a large Midwestern health system. We found that the DS cohort had higher prevalence of pneumonias (including aspiration, viral, bacterial, pneumococcal, and unspecified/atypical); otitis externa; and the skin infections impetigo, abscess, and cellulitis.

Acute Herpetic Nasopharyngitis in an Adult Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Objective: To report a case of herpes virus-associated nasopharyngitis in an adult patient.

Methods: The patient's medical record was reviewed for demographic and clinical data. For literature review, all case reports or other publications published in English literature were identified using Pubmed with the MeSH terms "herpes," "nasopharyngitis," and "upper respiratory infection.

Clinical management and impact of scarlet fever in the modern era: findings from a cross-sectional study of cases in London, 2018-2019.

Objectives: In response to increasing incidence of scarlet fever and wider outbreaks of group A streptococcal infections in London, we aimed to characterise the epidemiology, symptoms, management and consequences of scarlet fever, and to identify factors associated with delayed diagnosis.

Design And Setting: Cross-sectional community-based study of children with scarlet fever notified to London's three Health Protection Teams, 2018-2019.

Participants: From 2575 directly invited notified cases plus invitations via parental networks at 410 schools/nurseries with notified outbreaks of confirmed/probable scarlet fever, we received 477 responses (19% of those directly invited), of which 412 met the case definition.

Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults.

Background: Sore throat is a common reason for people to present for medical care and to be prescribed antibiotics. Overuse of antibiotics in primary medicine is a concern, hence it is important to establish their efficacy in treating sore throat and preventing secondary complications.  OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of antibiotics for reducing symptoms of sore throat for child and adult patients.

Case Report: Splenic Infarction in Infectious Mononucleosis due to Epstein-Barr Virus Infection.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the most common cause of infectious mononucleosis (IM) and IM is a clinical syndrome typically characterized by fever, pharyngitis, and cervical lymph node enlargement. We describe the case of a 19-year-old man with IM complicated by splenic infarction. The patient visited our hospital because of upper abdominal pain without a fever and sore throat.

Broadening symptom criteria improves early case identification in SARS-CoV-2 contacts.

Background: The success of case isolation and contact tracing for the control of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission depends on the accuracy and speed of case identification. We assessed whether inclusion of additional symptoms alongside three canonical symptoms (CS), fever, cough and loss or change in smell or taste, could improve case definitions and accelerate case identification in SARS-CoV-2 contacts.

Methods: Two prospective longitudinal London (UK)-based cohorts of community SARS-CoV-2 contacts, recruited within 5 days of exposure, provided independent training and test datasets.

A multicentre retrospective cohort study on COVID-19-related physical interventions and adult hospital admissions for ENT infections.

Purpose: To report changes in adult hospital admission rates for acute ENT infections following the introduction of COVID-19-related physical interventions such as hand washing, use of face masks and social distancing of 2-m in the United Kingdom.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study comparing adult admissions with acute tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess, epiglottitis, glandular fever, peri-orbital cellulitis, acute otitis media, acute mastoiditis, retropharyngeal abscess and parapharyngeal abscess in the 1-year period after the introduction of COVID-related physical interventions (2020-2021) with a 1-year period before this (2019-2020) in three UK secondary care ENT departments.

Results: In total, there were significantly fewer admissions for ENT infections (n = 1073, 57.

Monitoring Antibiotic Use in Public Health Care Facilities of South Indian Union Territory: A Step to Promote Rational Use of Antibiotics.

Introduction Antimicrobial resistance is a serious problem to solve for the public health authorities at the global level, particularly in developing countries like India. One of the possible reasons for antimicrobial resistance could be the inappropriate or overuse of antibiotics. The Indian government started the National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance to promote rational use of antibiotics in our country.

Colchicine - From rheumatology to the new kid on the block: Coronary syndromes and COVID-19.

Colchicine is an effective anti-inflammatory agent used to treat gout, coronary artery disease, viral pericarditis, and familial Mediterranean fever. It has been found to act by preventing the polymerization of the protein called tubulin, thus inhibiting inflammasome activation, proinflammatory chemokines, and cellular adhesion molecules. Accumulating evidence suggests that some patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) suffer from "cytokine storm" syndrome.

The prevalence of human papillomavirus in paediatric tonsils in Southwestern Ontario.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus in paediatric tonsils in Southwestern Ontario, Canada.

Materials And Methods: Patients aged 0-18 years undergoing tonsillectomy were recruited. Two specimens (left and right tonsils) were collected from each participant.

Clinical characteristics and effectiveness of antiviral agents in hospitalized children with infectious mononucleosis in China: A multicenter retrospective study.

Importance: The clinical characteristics of infectious mononucleosis (IM) in Chinese children have not been evaluated in multicenter studies, and the effectiveness of antiviral treatment are controversial.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of Chinese children with IM and current status of antiviral therapy for affected patients.

Methods: Hospitalized patients with IM were enrolled between 2018 and 2020 in five children's hospitals in China.

Predictive symptoms for COVID-19 in the community: REACT-1 study of over 1 million people.

Background: Rapid detection, isolation, and contact tracing of community COVID-19 cases are essential measures to limit the community spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We aimed to identify a parsimonious set of symptoms that jointly predict COVID-19 and investigated whether predictive symptoms differ between the B.1.

[Infectious mononucleosis in practice of otorhinolaryngologist].

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an acute viral infection that usually occurs with fever, acute tonsillitis, affects lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and with specific changes in the hemogram. One of the most frequent symptoms of the disease is sore throat which leads people to otorhinolaryngologist. Several pathogens may be the cause of IM, but Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) plays a key role.

Analysis of COVID-19 pandemics in Kazakhstan.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the demographic and epidemiological features of identified COVID-19 cases in Kazakhstan.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze COVID-19 cases (n=5116) collected from March 13 to June 6, 2020, in Kazakhstan.

IgA-dominant infection-associated glomerulonephritis in the pediatric population.

Background: IgA-dominant infection-associated glomerulonephritis is well-documented in adults but has not been studied in depth in children. We assessed the incidence of pediatric IgA-dominant infection-associated glomerulonephritis and clinical and kidney biopsy findings.

Methods: Pediatric native kidney biopsies over a 10-year period with IgA dominance, strong C3, and findings indicative of infection-associated etiology were identified.

Streptococcal Pharyngitis: Compliance With National Testing Guidelines in a Pediatric Emergency Department.

Objectives: The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines regarding group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis advise against routine testing for patients younger than 3 years, patients without pharyngitis, and patients with symptoms suggesting a viral infection. Group A streptococcal testing may be overused in some clinical settings; thus, we conducted this study to evaluate compliance with the IDSA guidelines in a pediatric emergency department (ED) setting.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study describes patients younger than 18 years presenting to 2 urban pediatric EDs in 2016 who underwent rapid antigen detection testing for GAS pharyngitis.

SARS-CoV-2-associated Henoch-Schönlein purpura in a 13-year-old girl.

In the context of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, cutaneous lesions are being described. Here, we report on a 13-year-old girl with SARS-CoV-2-associated Henoch-Schönlein purpura and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. She presented without any respiratory symptoms, only a purpuric skin rash, abdominal pain, low-grade fever, and pharyngitis.

Single-centre, open-label, randomised, trial to compare rapid molecular point-of-care streptococcal testing to standard laboratory-based testing for the management of streptococcal pharyngitis in children: study protocol.

Introduction: Streptococcal pharyngitis, which commonly occurs in children, should be treated with antibiotics. Clinical prediction rules to differentiate streptococcal pharyngitis from viral infection are not recommended in children. Rapid point-of-care (POC) antigen tests have limited sensitivity and so are not often used in Canadian paediatric emergency departments (EDs).