1,362 results match your criteria: "Pharyngitis Viral"

(Group A Streptococcus, GAS) is a human pathogen that causes local and systemic infections of the skin and mucous membranes. However, GAS is also found asymptomatically in the nasopharynx of infants. GAS infections, including pharyngitis and invasive pneumosepsis, pose significant public health concerns.

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Evaluating academic detailing as an antibiotic stewardship intervention in primary healthcare settings in Croatia.

BMC Prim Care

December 2024

Department of Endocrinology, University hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia, and School of Medicine, and University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.

Background: Acute respiratory tract infections are common in primary healthcare care settings and frequently result in antibiotic prescriptions, despite being primarily viral. There is scarcity of research examining impact of academic detailing (AD) intervention on prescribing practices for these infections in resource-constrained healthcare settings like southeastern Europe. Therefore aim of this study was to evaluate impact of AD intervention as an antimicrobial stewardship measure on antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections in primary setting in Croatia which is located in southeastern Europe.

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Sociodemographic differences in treatment of acute respiratory infections in pediatric urgent cares.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol

December 2024

Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA.

Objective: To determine whether differences exist in antibiotic prescribing for respiratory infections in pediatric urgent cares (PUCs) by patient race/ethnicity, insurance, and language.

Design: Multi-center cohort study.

Setting: Nine organizations (92 locations) from 22 states and Washington, DC.

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Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system that can mimic other neurological diseases, such as multiple sclerosis. ADEM is thought to manifest in the presence of environmental triggers, namely viral or bacterial infections, with multiple simultaneous neurological deficits, frequently accompanied by encephalopathy. Here, we report the case of a 49-year-old female patient who presented in the emergency department with encephalopathy, right-side muscle weakness, dizziness, vertigo, ataxia, and postural imbalance, preceded by symptoms suggesting recent pharyngitis/sialadenitis three weeks prior.

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Background: Group A streptococci (Strep A) orStreptococcus pyogenes is a major human pathogen causing an estimated 500,000 deaths worldwide each year. Disease can range from mild pharyngitis to more severe infections, such as necrotizing fasciitis, septicemia, and toxic shock syndrome. Untreated, Strep A infection can lead to the serious post streptococcal pathologies of rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.

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Objective: To compare the microbiota of the oropharynx in healthy children and children with acute tonsillitis and pharyngitis.

Material And Methods: The study included two groups of patients (139 people) aged from 1 year to 17 years inclusive. The main group consisted of children with acute tonsillitis and acute pharyngitis (111 patients, average age 7±4 years), the control group consisted of 28 healthy children (average age 7±6 years) without signs of upper respiratory tract infection.

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Objective: Sapropterin dihydrochloride is the first drug for the therapy of phenylketonuria, which is a rare disease that occurs one of 10,000-15,000 newborns. As a result, detailed and comprehensive reports on the safety of sapropterin in large, real-world populations are required. The purpose of this study is to undertake a complete analysis of sapropterin's adverse events (AEs) using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

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Centor scores associated poorly with rapid antigen test findings in children with sore throat.

Eur J Pediatr

November 2024

Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 2, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.

Unlabelled: The Finnish Current Care Guideline recommends rapid antigen tests as the primary diagnostic tool for both adults and children with Centor score ≥ 3. We aimed to analyze the association of Centor score and rapid antigen test positivity of group A streptococcal pharyngitis (GAS) in Finnish children. We performed a retrospective single-center study from July 2019 to June 2022.

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Review: Diagnostic Potential for Collaborative Pharyngitis Biomarkers.

J Infect Dis

October 2024

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR, USA.

Pharyngitis is an inflammatory condition of the pharynx and/or tonsils commonly seen in both children and adults. Viruses and bacteria represent the most common encountered etiologic agents-yeast/fungi and parasites are infrequently implicated. Some of these are predominantly observed in unique populations (eg, immunocompromised or unvaccinated individuals).

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Article Synopsis
  • * The research included 60 children aged 2-17 with sore throats and high fevers, categorizing them into groups based on their diagnosis.
  • * Although IRT alone couldn't differentiate between bacterial and viral pharyngitis, it improved the prediction accuracy for streptococcal pharyngitis when used with the McIsaac score, achieving a 90% positive predictive value.
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Octinidine Gargles: A Boon in a Treatment of Acute Pharyngitis.

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

October 2024

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, CIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India.

Pharyngitis is a disorder commonly reported in ENT OPDs. The most common cause of Pharyngitis in India is Group A streptococcus, with prevalence rates of 13% in children aged 5-15%. It can also be attributed to various other bacterial, viral and fungal agents.

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  • A study investigated the impact of COVID-19 health measures on the prevalence of asymptomatic Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) carriage among schoolchildren in the southern West Bank, Palestine, comparing data from before and after the pandemic.
  • Results showed a significant decline in GAS carriage from 15.7% pre-COVID-19 to 10.4% post-COVID-19, particularly among urban and medium socioeconomic children.
  • Protective factors against GAS carriage included frequent hand washing and tooth brushing, while a higher BMI was identified as a risk factor.
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  • Pityriasis lichenoides is a rare inflammatory skin condition characterized by red-brown papules and crusty lesions as they evolve over time.
  • A 60-year-old woman developed the chronic form of this condition ten days after suffering from streptococcal pharyngitis, starting with purple spots on her legs and later developing red, scaly patches on other parts of her body.
  • After treatment with methylprednisolone and hydroxychloroquine, her skin lesions improved significantly and did not return.
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Perimyocarditis and myopericarditis are inflammatory conditions of the pericardium and myocardium, often of idiopathic or infectious etiology, with viral infections being the most common. Nonrheumatic streptococcal myopericarditis (NSM) is a rare condition that can mimic acute myocardial infarction. This case report presents a 22-year-old male with no prior medical history who developed NSM following a streptococcal pharyngitis infection.

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  • Coxsackievirus A10 (CVA10) has been increasingly linked to hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) outbreaks worldwide, causing mild to severe health complications, including some fatalities; however, research on CVA10 is limited.
  • A study conducted in Nanchang, China examined CVA10's epidemiological and genetic traits from 2015-2023, revealing that 3.04% of enterovirus-positive cases were attributed to CVA10, primarily affecting young children under 5 years old.
  • Phylogenetic analysis indicated that CVA10 strains from Nanchang belong to genogroup C, with some strains showing mutations and connections to isolates from various countries, suggesting
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  • A case study is described involving a 15-year-old boy with IM who experienced abdominal pain, sore throat, and red urine, with tests showing elevated liver enzymes and confirmation of EBV infection.
  • Though he had mild anemia due to hemolysis, he improved with supportive care; it's important to rule out other causes of hematuria while considering IM in patients displaying both pharyngitis and hematuria.
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  • The recent rise in invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) disease globally has raised concerns, especially with the emergence of a hypervirulent strain called M1UK in high-income countries.
  • After the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a notable increase in iGAS cases, along with related infections like scarlet fever and viral co-infections.
  • Current treatment options for iGAS lack strong clinical evidence, and while there are ongoing efforts for GAS vaccine development, most candidates are still in early stages.
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Background Membranous tonsillitis is one of the most common forms of acute tonsillitis in childhood. Although many different microorganisms may cause this disease, clinicians generally consider bacterial agents as a possible cause and prescribe a penicillin-group of antibiotic. This study aimed to determine the aetiology of membranous tonsillitis and prescribing errors.

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Use of photodynamic therapy to combat recurrent pharyngotonsillitis: Three case reports.

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther

October 2024

Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.

Background: Pharyngotonsillitis (PT) is an inflammatory and infectious condition affecting the tonsils in the oropharynx, predominantly caused by a variety of viral, fungal, and bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus pyogenes. With the increasing challenge of antibiotic resistance, alternative therapeutic approaches are needed.

Methods: This study explores the effectiveness and safety of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) as a therapeutic approach for managing acute PT.

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Article Synopsis
  • Limited data exists on how blood levels of micronutrients relate to respiratory infections, prompting a study using Mendelian randomization to assess the impact of 12 micronutrients on various infections.
  • The analysis found that higher copper levels were linked to a reduced risk of upper respiratory tract infections, with minor associations for other micronutrients like Vitamin B6 and folate.
  • The study highlights the potential protective role of copper against upper respiratory infections, paving the way for more research on how micronutrients may aid in infection prevention and treatment.
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[Infectious mononucleosis : an atypical cause of acute alithiasic cholecystitis].

Rev Med Liege

July 2024

Service de Chirurgie abdominale, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique.

Article Synopsis
  • The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), common worldwide, often causes infectious mononucleosis, which can be asymptomatic or present with fever, throat inflammation, and swollen lymph nodes.
  • A rare complication of this infection is acute acalculous cholecystitis, a serious inflammation of the gallbladder that can occur due to insufficient blood supply and bile flow.
  • A case study of a 21-year-old woman with this condition underscores the need for careful evaluation of liver tests and white blood cell counts alongside imaging to improve diagnosis and treatment of EBV-related complications.
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  • A 47-year-old man with hypertension and obesity developed severe symptoms including back pain, migratory joint pain, dyspnea, and arm weakness, linked to Coxsackie B virus-induced myositis and myocarditis, which are uncommon for this virus.
  • Initial tests showed elevated enzyme levels (CK and troponin I) raising concerns for a non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), leading to immediate heart attack treatment protocols.
  • After discovering the patient's recent sore throat and potential contact with an ill family member, a viral test confirmed Coxsackie B virus infection, and the patient recovered fully with supportive care, underscoring the need for thorough viral testing in similar cases.
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Introduction: Most paediatric upper respiratory infections are virally mediated and result in self-limiting reactive lymphadenopathy. In children younger than 5 years, retropharyngeal lymph nodes may give rise to deep neck space infections in this potential space. Retropharyngeal infections are rare after 5 years because lymph nodes undergo atrophy.

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