DprE1 Inhibitors: An insight into the recent developments and synthetic approaches.

In the current medical era, the proliferation and dissemination of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis continue to pose a significant worldwide health hazard, necessitating the development of new and innovative medications to combat tuberculosis. Decaprenylphosphoryl-β-D-ribose 2'-epimerase (DprE1) is a crucial enzyme for cell wall synthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Its importance is due to its eminent contribution in forming lipoarabinomannan and arabinogalactan.

Synthesis, characterizations and disinfection potency of gelatin based Gum Arabic antagonistic films.

Water-borne infections are considered as one of the major risky concerns regarding the sanitary state of water bodies dedicated to drinking water supply. Therefore, the employment of environmentally benign materials in water/wastewater treatment is an indispensable aspect to solve the water crisis problem in an eco-friendly and economic manner. This study describes the synthesis, characterization, and disinfection potency of different formulas of gelatin-based Gum Arabic composites, for the first time.

Neuroprotective efficacy of berberine and caffeine against rotenone-induced neuroinflammatory and oxidative disturbances associated with Parkinson's disease via inhibiting α-synuclein aggregation and boosting dopamine release.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor impairment, glial-mediated inflammation, redox imbalance, and α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation. Conventional therapies relieve early PD symptoms, but they do not repair dopaminergic neurons. Berberine (BBR) and caffeine (CAF), both natural alkaloids, exhibited neuroprotective effects in many neurodegenerative disorders.

Sustainable nanophytosome-based therapies against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in urinary tract infections: an in Vitro and in vivo study.

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a prevalent bacterial infection impacting a significant number of individuals globally. The rise in multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli strains as the predominant cause of UTIs presents a substantial public health concern and poses a challenge to existing antibiotic treatments.

The effect of different parenting styles on the child behavior during the dental visit: observational longitudinal study.

Background: It is widely recognized that parental influence significantly shapes children's emotional health and behavioral patterns. The current study aims to evaluate the effect of different parenting styles on the child's behavior during the dental visit.

Methods: Sixty healthy children age ranging from 4 to 6 years old who needed class I restoration in one of their primary molars were selected from the outpatient clinic of the Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt.

Novel inhibitors of oncogenic Wnt/TCF-4/β-catenin signaling pathway: Design, synthesis, molecular docking studies and apoptosis inducing activity of pyrimidothiazino-, dihydropyrimidotriazepino- and 1,3,4-thiadiazolopyrimido-indole hybrids.

Wnt pathway is vital for survival of cancer-initiating cells. β-catenin plays a crucial role in Wnt pathway through interaction with TCF-4 to transcribe oncogenes. β-catenin activation suppresses immune cell infiltration into cancer cells and promotes resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs.

Berberine-loaded albumin nanoparticles alleviate liver damage in rats by modulating mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum interactions.

The liver performs essential functions critical to overall health. This study evaluated the efficacy of berberine-loaded albumin nanoparticles (BRB-BSA NPs) and cisplatin in mitigating hepatic damage caused by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl) in male albino rats. Molecular modeling was conducted to explore BRB interactions with Sirt1, a NAD-dependent protein deacetylase involved in key cellular pathways.

Novel thiazolones for the simultaneous modulation of PPARγ, COX-2 and 15-LOX to address metabolic disease-associated portal inflammation.

A hybrid pharmacophore model, based on structural motifs previously identified by our team, was employed to generate ligands that simultaneously target COX-2, 15-LOX, and PPARγ in the context of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Notable COX-2 inhibitory activities (IC = 0.065-0.

Evaluation of potential antiparasitic effect of ZnO nanoparticles on experimental cryptosporidiosis in immunosuppressed mice.

Cryptosporidium is a food and water-borne enteric protozoan that infects a wide range of vertebrates, causing life-threatening complications, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. The absence of effective anti-cryptosporidial medications could be attributed to the parasite's specific intestinal location, as well as the lack of research into the mechanism by which the protozoan impairs intestine cellular function. The present work aimed to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of zinc nanoparticles in the treatment of experimental cryptosporidiosis infection in immunosuppressed mice.

Synthesis and mechanistic insights of Coumarinyl-Indolinone hybrids as potent inhibitors of Leishmania major.

Leishmaniasis, recognized as a neglected tropical disease, is a major global health issue that impacts millions of individuals across the globe. The limitations of existing treatments underscore the urgent need for novel antileishmanial drugs. In response, this study synthesized and evaluated fifteen hybrid compounds (7a-c, 10a-j, and 13a-b) combining 4-hydroxycoumarin and pyrazolyl indolin-2-one motifs for their in vitro antileishmanial efficacy towards Leishmania major.

Chemical composition and biological activity of lemongrass volatile oil and n-Hexane extract: GC/MS analysis, in vitro and molecular modelling studies.

Lemon grass, formally identified as Cymbopogon citratus, is a plant that belongs to the Poaceae family. The present work aimed to examine the chemical composition by GC/MS analysis and assess the biological potential of C. citratus volatile oil and n-hexane extract.

Development of an innovative cylindrical carbon nanofiber/gelatin-polycaprolactone hydrogel scaffold for enhanced bone regeneration.

This study aimed to develop a biocompatible electrospun nanofiber matrix as a scaffold to enhance the biomechanical performance of gelatin hydrogel. The findings suggest that incorporating a carbon nanofiber (CNF) matrix around a gelatin surface reinforced with polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers significantly improves the mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of the gelatin hydrogel. Modified samples with CNF coatings exhibited the most favourable attributes, as evidenced by SEM, FTIR, tensile strength, and rheological analyses.

Design, synthesis, and molecular dynamics-driven evaluation of quinoline-sulfonamide derivatives as potent and selective EGFR inhibitors with promising anti-cancer efficacy and safety profiles.

The creation of new molecules that target EGFR is essential for the progression of cancer treatment. This study synthesized and evaluated 16 quinoline-sulfonamide derivatives for their potential as anti-cancer agents. Compound 8c, which contains a methoxy group on the benzenesulfonamide tail, exhibited notable EGFR inhibitory activity (IC = 0.

The antiparasitic effect of C-Phycocyanin nanoparticles on cryptosporidiosis in immunosuppressed mice.

Unlabelled: The present study aimed to newly synthesize C-Phycocyanin nanoparticles through a ball-milling technique. C-Phycocyanin nanoparticles had average diameter of 290.2 nm, zeta potential 48.

A comprehensive metabolomic study of three Egyptian Salsola species revealed their potential anti-inflammatory activity.

Salsola plants are halophytic crops that are distributed worldwide, with more than 100 species figured out in Asia, the Mediterranean region and North Africa. Different Salsola species were reported to exert marked anti-inflammatory activities, whereas the potential anti-inflammatory activities of the three species, S. tetrandra, S.

Effect of gold nanoparticles treatment on rats-induced obesity by evaluating body-composition directly and indirectly via bioelectric impedance analysis.

Obesity is a metabolic disease characterized by an imbalance between caloric intake and expenditure, leading to excess fat and increasing the risk of various health conditions. This study compares the anti-obesity effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to orlistat in an experimental model of induced obesity in Wistar Albino rats. In addition to negative and positive control rats, obese rats were treated with variable daily and weekly doses of AuNPs and daily orlistat for nine weeks.

Multifunctional nanoparticles: Antimicrobial, antiviral, antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Novel natural nanomaterials are extensively investigated nowadays due to their potential biological activities and low toxicity. In the present investigation, polyvinyl alcohol was used as a green reducing agent to synthesize nanoparticles. flowers were collected and extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus and examined through gas and liquid chromatography which revealed the presence of palmitic acid, linoleic acid, N-(O-Nitrophenylthio)-l-leucine, plumieridin B, lupeol, and rutin.

Multi-stage structure-based virtual screening approach combining 3D pharmacophore, docking and molecular dynamic simulation towards the identification of potential selective PARP-1 inhibitors.

Presently, humanity is confronted with a range of diseases that have high death rates, especially those linked to cancerous growths. Several enzymes and proteins have been discovered as highly attractive targets for cancer treatment. The PARP family consists of 17 members and plays a crucial role in repairing DNA damage, which enables the survival of cancer cells.

Development of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-grafted coumarins as selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and tubulin polymerization inhibitors with potent anticancer activity.

This study presents the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a novel series of coumarin-based compounds (9a-t) as potential anticancer agents. The compounds were strategically designed to inhibit cancer-related carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms IX and XII and tubulin polymerization. Two approaches were employed for CA inhibition: utilizing the coumarin motif to occlude the CA active site entrance and incorporating zinc-binding groups (sulfonamide, carboxylic acid, and thiol) to interact with the catalytic zinc ion.

The Impact of Posterior Maxillary Teeth on Maxillary Sinus: Insights From Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis.

Background Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis arises mainly from dental origins, emphasizing the connection between dental health and sinus issues. Understanding these relationships is crucial for implant planning, sinus augmentation procedures, and managing post-extraction complications. This knowledge can help clinicians make informed decisions about treatment timing and approach.

The Added Effect of Artificial Intelligence in CT Assessment of Abdominal Lymphadenopathy.

Lymphadenopathy is associated with lymph node abnormal size or consistency due to many causes. We employed the deep convolutional neural network ResNet-34 to detect and classify CT images from patients with abdominal lymphadenopathy and healthy controls. We created a single database containing 1400 source CT images for patients with abdominal lymphadenopathy (n = 700) and healthy controls (n = 700).

Formulation and clinical evaluation of hyaluronic acid nanogel in treatment of tear trough: nano-flipping from injectable fillers to topical nanofillers.

Tear trough deformity (TTD) is a significant cosmetic concern, with current treatments relying primarily on invasive injectable fillers, which are costly and carry risks of complications. Despite the widespread use of hyaluronic acid (HA) in cosmetic applications, its poor dermal permeation has limited the development of effective topical fillers for TTD. This study aim to develop and evaluate a novel hyaluronic acid nanogel (nanofiller, NF) as a non-invasive topical filler for TTD.

Effects of copper/graphene oxide core-shell nanoparticles on Rhipicephalus ticks and their detoxification enzymes.

Nanopesticides have been recently introduced as novel pesticides to overcome the drawbacks of using traditional synthetic pesticides. The present study evaluated the acaricidal activity of Copper/Graphene oxide core-shell nanoparticles against two tick species, Rhipicephalus rutilus and Rhipicephalus turanicus. The Copper/Graphene oxide core-shell nanoparticles were synthetized through the solution plasma (SP) method under different conditions.

Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of the Image Quality of MDCT Multiphasic Liver Scans in HCC Patients.

The quality of CT images obtained from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients is complex, affecting diagnostic accuracy, precision, and radiation dose assessment due to increased exposure risks. The study evaluated image quality qualitatively and quantitatively by comparing quality levels with an effective radiation dose to ensure acceptable quality accuracy. This study retrospectively reviewed 100 known HCC patients (Li-RADS-5) who underwent multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) multiphasic scans for follow-up of their health condition between January and October 2023.