Effect of Surface Treatments Applied to 3D Printed Permanent Resins on Shear Bond Strength.

Background: 3D-printed permanent resins have recently been introduced to produce permanent restorations. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of surface treatment methods on the shear-bond strength (SBS) between 3D-printed permanent resins and adhesive cement.

Material And Methods: In this study, samples were produced using digital light projection (DLP) and stereolithography (SLA) 3D printers with two permanent resins (Crowntec, Saremco and Permanent Crown, Formlabs) in accordance with manufacturer guidelines.

Prevalence of minor physical anomalies in children with autism spectrum disorder reporting to a tertiary care hospital Lahore-Pakistan.

Objective: To assess the frequency and type of minor physical anomalies (MPAs) in subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September, 2016 to October, 2020. Using purposive sampling technique, 147 subjects with ASD were recruited from Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health (CH & ICH) Lahore, with a confirmed clinical diagnosis by developmental pediatrician, using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V).

Investigation of water sorption and aluminum releases from high viscosity and resin modified glass ionomer.

Background: High viscosity glass ionomer cement (HVGIC) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) have recently been clinically preferred thanks to their numerous advantages. However, initial moisture contamination has a negative effect on the mechanical and physical properties of these cements. The aim of this study was of HVGICs and RMGICs, with and without surface protection, on water sorption, solubility and release of aluminum.