Chitosan Nanoparticles Embedded in In Situ Gel for Nasal Delivery of Imipramine Hydrochloride: Short-Term Stage Development and Controlled Release Evaluation.

Imipramine hydrochloride (IMP), a tricyclic antidepressant used for major depression, enuresis, and neuropathic pain, is limited by gastrointestinal complications, low oral bioavailability (44%), and complex dosing requirements. This study aimed to explore a novel non-invasive nasal delivery system using chitosan nanoparticles (Cs NPs) embedded in an in situ gel to address the limitations of oral IMP administration. Cs NPs loaded with IMP were synthesized via ionic gelation and assessed for precision in drug concentration using a validated HPLC method.

The association between health literacy and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Health literacy-driven interventions in patients with type 2 diabetes have been found to play an important role in achieving glycemic control and enhancing diabetic self-management outcomes. The present study aimed to examine the role of health literacy as a predictor of quality of life among diabetic patients in Jordan.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 400 Type 2 diabetic patients visiting the endocrinology department at the outpatient clinic at Al Basheer Hospital in Amman, Jordan.

Recent Advances in Ocular Drug Delivery: Insights into Lyotropic Liquid Crystals.

This review examines the evolution of lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) in ocular drug delivery, focusing on their ability to address the challenges associated with traditional ophthalmic formulations. This study aims to underscore the enhanced bioavailability, prolonged retention, and controlled release properties of LLCs that significantly improve therapeutic outcomes. This review synthesizes data from various studies on both bulk-forming LLCs and liquid crystal nanoparticles (LCNPs).

Health Literacy and Medication Adherence Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Improving health literacy has been found to play a significant role in enhancing medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: The present study aims to evaluate health literacy and its association with medication adherence among diabetic patients in Jordan.

Patients And Methods: This cross-sectional study included 400 diabetic patients, predominantly female (68.

Saliva Versus Plasma Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Valproic Acid in Jordanian Patients.

Therapeutic drug monitoring is used to ensure that medications are prescribed and administered according to safe doseage advice and for the purpose of achieving the desired therapeutic effects in patients. Several methods are used to perform therapeutic drug monitoring. However, there is insufficient evidence to currently support therapeutic drug monitoring of Valproic acid using salivary samples.

Dissecting the stability of Atezolizumab with renewable amino acid-based ionic liquids: Colloidal stability and anticancer activity under thermal stress.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have revolutionised the biopharmaceutical market. Being proteinaceous, mAbs are prone to chemical and physical instabilities. Various approaches were attempted to stabilise proteins against degradation factors.

Development and Validation of the Jordanian Diabetic Health Literacy Questionnaire: Enhancing Diabetes Management in Arabic-Speaking Populations.

(1) Background: Amidst the global rise in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), effective management of the disease has become increasingly important. Health literacy, particularly in non-English speaking populations, plays a crucial role in this management. To address the lack of suitable tools for Arabic-speaking diabetic patients, this study developed and validated the Jordanian Diabetic Health Literacy Questionnaire (JDHLQ).

Changes in energy and macronutrient intakes during Ramadan fasting: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.

Context: Ramadan fasting (RF) is associated with various physiological and metabolic changes among fasting Muslims. However, it remains unclear whether these effects are attributable to changes in meal timing or changes in dietary energy and macronutrient intakes. Furthermore, the literature on the associations between RF, meal timing, and energy and macronutrient intakes is inconclusive.

Comparison of pharmacokinetics of two tylvalosin oral formulations in broiler chickens.

The objective of the study was to compare the relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of two commercially available oral formulations of tylvalosin prepared for use in broiler chickens (ProviLosin and AviLosin ). A total of 36 healthy, broiler chickens were administered a single oral dose (25 mg/kg b.w.

The Role of Pharmacists and Community Pharmacies in the Screening, Knowledge, and Awareness of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in Jordanian People Visiting Community Pharmacies.

Background: According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), diabetes is increasing exponentially worldwide and will become more prevalent than ever in the Middle East by 2045, with a 110% increase. This study aims to clarify the role of pharmacists and community pharmacies in the screening, knowledge, and awareness of Type 2 diabetes among Jordanian people who visit community pharmacies in Amman, Jordan.

Methods: Study design: This was a cross-sectional prospective study that was conducted from September to December 2021 in Amman, Jordan.

Ethanol-induced dose dumping from sodium alginate matrix tablets: Investigation of the effects of medium viscosity and pH.

In this work, the swelling and disintegration of drug-free sodium alginate (SA) compacts and the release of metformin HCl from SA matrix tablets were investigated in acidic media of different ethanol concentrations (0, 10, 20, and 40 % v/v), pH (1.2 and 4.5) and HPMC K4M concentrations (0-1 % w/v).

Preparation and Evaluation of Co-amorphous Formulations of Telmisartan-Amino Acids as a Potential Method for Solubility and Dissolution Enhancement.

Telmisartan (TLM) is a potent antihypertensive drug with pH-dependent aqueous solubility. This work aimed to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of TLM by the co-amorphous drug amino acid (AA) approach by combining TLM, with different types and ratios of AAs. The co-amorphous TLM-AA blends were prepared by freeze-drying and investigated for solid-state characteristics like the dissolution rate enhancement of TLM.

A Novel Eutectic-Based Transdermal Delivery System for Risperidone.

This paper reports for the first time the possible formation of a novel room temperature therapeutic deep eutectic solvent (THEDES) of risperidone (RIS) with some fatty acids, namely capric acid (C10; CA), lauric acid (C12; LA), and myristic acid (C14; MA). All mixtures of RIS and MA yielded a solid or pasty-like solid and were readily discarded. Some of the prepared THEDESs from RIS and CA or LA have spontaneously transformed into a transparent liquid, without any precipitate at room temperature by simple physical mixing of the components.

Antibiotic resistant Cutibacterium acnes among acne patients in Jordan: a cross sectional study.

Background: Antibiotics have been used for decades against Cutibacterium acnes (previously known as Propionibacterium acnes; C. acnes). Alarmingly, antibiotic resistance to this bacterium has become a worldwide problem in recent years.

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of tildipirosin following intravenous and subcutaneous administration in sheep.

Tildipirosin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic commonly used in cattle and swine to treat bacterial pneumonia. The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic profile of tildipirosin after a single intravenous (i.v.

Pharmacokinetics of toltrazuril and its metabolites in pregnant and nonpregnant ewes and determination of their concentrations in milk, allantoic fluid, and newborn plasma.

The objectives of this study were to determine the pharmacokinetics of toltrazuril and its metabolites in pregnant and nonpregnant ewes following a single oral dose and to determine the plasma concentrations of these compounds in milk, allantoic fluid, and newborn plasma. Eighteen healthy ewes were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6 each): pregnant ewes at 12-13 weeks of gestation (group A), nonpregnant ewes (group B), and pregnant ewes at 1-2 weeks before expected lambing date (group C). Ewes in all groups received a single oral dose of toltrazuril at 20 mg/kg body weight.

Role of the pharmacist in improving inhaler technique and asthma management in rural areas in Jordan.

Introduction: Pharmacists can have a valuable role in educating patients on correct inhaler technique leading to improved asthma management. Rural areas can benefit from the role of the pharmacist considering the barriers found in attending primary health-care facilities.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of inhaler technique education delivered by pharmacists on patients' inhaler technique, Asthma Control Test (ACT) score, forced expiratory volume in the first 1 second (FEV%), and reliever use (puffs/day).

Tablet fragmentation without a disintegrant: A novel design approach for accelerating disintegration and drug release from 3D printed cellulosic tablets.

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing has shown the most immediate potential for on-demand dose personalisation to suit particular patient's needs. However, FDM 3D printing often involves employing a relatively large molecular weight thermoplastic polymer and results in extended release pattern. It is therefore essential to fast-track drug release from the 3D printed objects.

Saliva Versus Plasma Bioequivalence of Azithromycin in Humans: Validation of Class I Drugs of the Salivary Excretion Classification System.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare human pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence metrics in saliva versus plasma for azithromycin as a model class I drug of the Salivary Excretion Classification System (SECS).

Methods: A pilot, open-label, two-way crossover bioequivalence study was done, and involved a single 500-mg oral dose of azithromycin given to eight healthy subjects under fasting conditions, followed by a 3-week washout period. Blood and unstimulated saliva samples were collected over 72 h and deep frozen until analysis by a validated liquid chromatography with mass spectroscopy method.

Freeze Dried Quetiapine-Nicotinamide Binary Solid Dispersions: A New Strategy for Improving Physicochemical Properties and Ex Vivo Diffusion.

Improving the physicochemical properties and oral bioavailability of quetiapine fumarate (QF) enabling enhanced antipsychotic attributes are the main aims of this research. The freeze dried solid dispersion strategy was adopted using nicotinamide (NIC) as highly soluble coformer. The prepared dispersions were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Chitosan/lecithin liposomal nanovesicles as an oral insulin delivery system.

In the present work, insulin-chitosan polyelectrolyte complexes associated to lecithin liposomes were investigated as a new carrier for oral delivery of insulin. The preparation was characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency. Surface tension measurements revealed that insulin-chitosan polyelectrolyte complexes have some degree of hydrophobicity and should be added to lecithin liposomal dispersion and not the vice versa to prevent their adsorption on the surface.

Preparation of Chito-Oligomers by Hydrolysis of Chitosan in the Presence of Zeolite as Adsorbent.

An increasing interest has recently been shown to use chitin/chitosan oligomers (chito-oligomers) in medicine and food fields because they are not only water-soluble, nontoxic, and biocompatible materials, but they also exhibit numerous biological properties, including antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor activities, as well as immuno-enhancing effects on animals. Conventional depolymerization methods of chitosan to chito-oligomers are either chemical by acid-hydrolysis under harsh conditions or by enzymatic degradation. In this work, hydrolysis of chitosan to chito-oligomers has been achieved by applying adsorption-separation technique using diluted HCl in the presence of different types of zeolite as adsorbents.