Exploring the Future of Extrusion with Andean Grains: Macromolecular Changes, Innovations, Future Trends and Food Security.

This review aimed to explore the impact of extrusion on Andean grains, such as quinoa, kañiwa, and kiwicha, highlighting their macromolecular transformations, technological innovations, and contributions to food security. These grains, which are rich in starch, high-quality proteins, and antioxidant compounds, are versatile raw materials for extrusion, a continuous and efficient process that combines high temperatures and pressures to transform structural and chemical components. Extrusion improves the digestibility of proteins and starches, encourages the formation of amylose-lipid complexes, and increases the solubility of dietary fiber.

[Management of gastric GIST removed through submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection and 5 year follow-up. Case report].

We report the case of a 68-year-old female patient who had a gastrointestinal stromal tumor involving muscularis propria of the gastric body that was removed through submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection, with favorable follow-up after 5 years, with no signs of recurrence.

[Esophago-jejunal fistula closure using an over-the-scope clip: a case report].

Esophago-jejunal anastomoses fistula could be mortal. Currently there is a wide therapeutic measure ranging from conservative management, endoscopic therapy and surgery. Endoscopic management has been positioned above other strategies due to minimal invasion which improves survival and reduces mortality.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma during pregnancy. Case report.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma during pregnancy is extremely rare. Overall, including our case, only 19 cases confirmed antepartum have been reported to date. We report the case of a 37 year-old woman at 24 weeks of pregnancy in whom a pancreatic adenocarcinoma was identified during investigation of a suspected acute pancreatitis.

[Spontaneous splenic rupture following endoscopic studies: a case report].

Endoscopic procedures, currently, are characterized by being minimally invasive diagnostic and therapeutic methods, which allow the management of a wide number of pathologies and in the hands of a good operator, present few complications. Both traumatic and spontaneous splenic rupture is a rare entity, mainly associated with abdominal trauma or splenomegaly due to hematological diseases, respectively. Splenic rupture secondary to endoscopic studies is a complication with a mortality close to 5%, of which only 100 cases have been reported to date, none of them in Colombia.

[Infrequent complications in a single patient: esophageal perforation, cervical vascular injury, and soft tissue infection caused by a spine].

In this article, we present an exceptionally rare and challenging clinical case. It concerns a 65-year-old woman who, while eating, accidentally ingested a thorn. This foreign body, after being swallowed, migrated from the proximal esophagus, until it penetrated the left internal jugular vein.

Ringed esophagus: all that glitters is not gold.

We report the case of an elderly patient with progressive dysphagia to solids and later to liquids, and weight loss. The patient underwent an upper endoscopy, which showed multiple stenoses and trachealization. Biopsies were taken and a diagnosis of lymphocytic esophagitis was made.

Helicobacter pylori and its role in the pathogenesis of follicular gastritis: an overview.

The role of Helicobacter pylori in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers and gastric adenocarcinoma is widely known; however, it is not entirely understood how bacterial infection is closely related to the genesis of follicular gastritis and some types of gastric lymphoma. Diagnosing and pathogenic mechanisms follicular gastritis remain challenging. Therefore, this article aims to examine the role of H.

[An update of the Helicobacter pylori treatment: a Latin American Gastric Cancer, Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group review].

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the primary etiological agent of gastric adenocarcinoma, which affects over 60% of the global population, with a significant prevalence in Latin America. Given its impact on the affected population, it is crucial to understand the diagnostic tools available for detecting this infection.

[Acceptability and screening outcomes for hepatitis B, C and human inmunodeficiency virus using rapid diagnostic tests in patients undergoing outpatient endoscopy].

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are a global public health concern. In 2019, there were 295.9 million people with chronic hepatitis B and 57.

Premedication in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to improve mucosal visualization. A systematic review.

Objective: This review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of premedication comprising mucolytics and/or defoaming agents to improve the quality of visualization during elective upper digestive endoscopy (elective upper GI endoscopy) procedure.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review of the literature contained in electronic databases (Medline/Pubmed, Embase, and Lilacs) was performed to identify randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews that assessed patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (elective upper GI Endoscopy) under sedation, after being premedicated with mucolytics and/or defoaming agents for mucous clearance. A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the relative efficacy and safety profile of such premedication.

[Assessment of corticosteroid use as a marker of quality-of-care in the management of inflammatory bowel disease].

Introduction: Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies, corticosteroids continue to play a role in inducing remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Unfortunately, these drugs are often misused.

Objectives: To assess the dose and duration of corticosteroid therapy,and the subsequent change in treatment among patients with IBD.

[Endoscopic submucosal dissection in undifferentiated early gastric cancer: evaluation of the first cases and analysis of its application as an absolute indication in Peru].

Unlabelled: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the technique of choice in the management of early gastric cancer. Recently, it is also considered as an absolute indication in selected cases of early undifferentiated gastric cancer (U-EGC).

Objectives: In the present study, the first documented cases of ESD in patients with U-EGC are presented and analyzed.

Ascitic fluid amylase-to-serum amylase ratio to predict pancreatic duct leaks causing ascites.

Objectives: Pancreatic duct leaks can cause ascites, and fluid amylase can be used as a marker to suggest pancreatic duct leak; however, there is no reference parameter or cutoff value for diagnosis. We assessed whether a novel ratio of ascitic fluid to serum amylase can reliably predict pancreatic leaks and need for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Materials And Methods: Patients who had fluid amylase from ascitic fluid and serum amylase within one week of confirmed pancreatic leaks via ERCP were included along with appropriate medical and surgical controls.

Differences and contributors to global cognitive performance in the underrepresented Latinx Parkinson's disease population.

Despite significant progress in understanding the factors influencing cognitive function in Parkinson's disease (PD), there is a notable gap in data representation for the Latinx population. This study aims to evaluate the contributors to and disparities in cognitive performance among Latinx patients with PD. A retrospective analysis was conducted based on cross-sectional data encompassing demographic, environmental, motor, and non-motor disease characteristics from the Latin American Research Consortium on the Genetics of PD (LARGE-PD) and the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohorts.

Social determinants of oral health in an indigenous community of Chile: preliminary data of a mixed qualitative and quantitative study.

Introduction: Certain aspects of indigenous communities, such as cultural practices and access to care, have been discussed as potential determinants of oral health. However, research on this topic remains limited. Understanding the factors influencing oral health and their perceptions is crucial for developing culturally appropriate interventions.

Sociodemographic factors associated with dental students knowledge and attitudes regarding disinfection as a control measure to reduce the spread of COVID-19.

Despite maintaining a lower mortality rate and greater control of victims infected by COVID-19, the world's population and science are still confronted with this coronavirus. Therefore, the aim was to assess the association between sociodemographic factors and the level of knowledge and attitudes of dental students regarding disinfection as a control measure to reduce the spread of COVID-19. This cross-sectional study evaluated 503 dental students from the capital city and one Peruvian province between February and June 2022.

Sulfides as environmental stressors in Paracas Bay, Peru.

Paracas Bay, located in the Humboldt Current system, is a highly variable coastal environment where hypoxia (dissolved oxygen concentrations <2 mg L) has been reported as a persistent feature of bottom conditions. In addition to hypoxia, milky water events have been reported in the bay, most likely associated with the presence of sulfides (i.e.

Risk of sarcopenia: A red flag for cognitive decline in postmenopause?

Objective: To determine if the SARC-F tool, used to screen for sarcopenia risk, can also predict mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool.

Methods: This is a sub-analysis of data from a cross-sectional study carried out in postmenopausal women from Latin America (nine countries) in which sociodemographic, clinical, and anthropometric data were collected, and the SARC-F and MoCA tools administered. From the original sample of 1185 women, analysis was performed only among the 772 with natural menopause.

Towards culturally inclusive healthcare in Peru: Mapping epistemic concepts in contemporary Indigenous Amazonian medicine-Traditional healers' perspectives.

Peru is among Latin American countries with the largest Indigenous population, yet ethnical health disparities persist, particularly in the Amazon region which comprises 60% of the national territory. Healthcare models that include Indigenous medicine and traditional healers present an important avenue for addressing such inequalities, as they increase cultural adequacy of services, healthcare access, and acknowledge Indigenous Rights for their perspectives to be represented in public healthcare. Understanding the underlying epistemologies of Indigenous medicine is a prerequisite for this purpose.

Early childhood caries (ECC) prediction models using Machine Learning.

Background: To evaluate the performance of different prediction models based on machine learning to predict the presence of early childhood caries.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study. The sociodemographic and clinical data used came from a sample of 186 children aged 3 to 6 years and their respective parents or guardians treated at a Hospital in Ica, Peru.

From Lung to Heart: Unusual Case of Pulmonary Myxoid Sarcoma.

A 77-year-old man with multiple comorbidities presented with cough, dyspnea and nonspecific malaise. Chest computed tomography revealed a mass in the right lower lobe of the lung, along with an associated hypodense lesion in the left atrium. Echocardiography showed a mobile mass in the left atrium, initially suspected to be a thrombus.

Robotic Rigor: Validity of the Kinarm End-Point Robot Visually Guided Reaching Test in Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: To determine whether robotic metrics: (1) correlate with the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT; good convergent validity); and (2) differentiate between those self-reporting "some hand problems" versus "no hand problems" (good criterion validity).

Design: Cross-sectional validation analyses.

Setting: Rehabilitation research laboratory located within a hospital.