Hydrogen bonding patterns in salts of derivatives of aminopyrimidine and thiobarbituric acid.

Three salts, namely 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-1-ium thiobarbiturate trihydrate (I), 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-1-ium thiobarbiturate dihydrate (II) and 2,4-diamino-5-(3',4',5'-trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidin-1-ium thiobarbiturate (III), were synthesized and characterized by IR and X-ray diffraction techniques. The primary interaction between the acid and base happens via N-H..

NBO, HOMO-LUMO, UV, NLO, NMR and vibrational analysis of veratrole using FT-IR, FT-Raman, FT-NMR spectra and HF-DFT computational methods.

This work deals with FT-IR, FT-Raman and FT-NMR spectral analysis and NBO, NLO, HOMO-LUMO and electronic transitions studies on veratrole. The molecular structure, fundamental vibrational frequencies and intensity of the vibrational bands were interpreted with the aid of structure optimizations and geometrical parameter calculations based on Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional theory (DFT) method with 6-311++G(d, p) basis set. A study on the electronic properties, such as HOMO and LUMO energies were performed by time independent DFT approach.

Spectroscopic and quantum chemical analysis of Isonicotinic acid methyl ester.

In this present study, an organic compound Isonicotinic acid methyl ester (INAME) was structurally characterized by FTIR, FT-Raman, and NMR and UV spectroscopy. The optimized geometrical parameters and energies of all different and possible conformers of INAME are obtained from Density Functional Theory (DFT) by B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) method. There are three conformers (SI, SII-1, and SII-2) for this molecule (ground state).

Role of HSP70 in cytoplasm protection against thermal stress in rohu, Labeo rohita.

To understand the function of HSP70 of Labeo rohita (LrHSP70) in cellular protection, LrHSP70 ORF cDNA was inserted into the plasmid of pET-32a(+) or pEGFP-L1. Then, the recombinant plasmids were transformed or transfected into Escherichia coli cells, mouse myeloma cells (MPC-11) or fish hepatoma cells (PLHC-1). Western blot results revealed that LrHSP70 was expressed in E.

A proteomics approach to identify the differential protein level in cardiac muscle of diabetic rat.

Background: Cardiovascular proteomics investigation reveals the characterization and elucidation of the novel therapeutic targets and strategies to prevent the development of heart failure associated diabetic complication by using 2DE and MS.

Methods: The experimental animals were made diabetic with a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg/kg of bw). Albino rats were randomly divided into four individual groups: Group-I control (n=6), group-II alloxan-induced diabetic rats, untreated (n=6), group-III (n=6) and group-IV (n=6) alloxan-induced diabetic rats were treated with aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Cynodon dactylon for 15 days, respectively.

Efficacy of natural diosgenin on cardiovascular risk, insulin secretion, and beta cells in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Costus igneus, has been prescribed for the treatment of diabetic mellitus in India for several years. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of plant derived diosgenin on cardiovascular risk, insulin secretion, and pancreatic composition through electron microscopical studies of normal and diabetic rats. Diosgenin at a dose of 5 or 10mg/kg per body weight (bw) was orally administered as a single dose per day to diabetic induced rats for a period of 30 days.

1-[2-(Di-methyl-aza-nium-yl)eth-yl]-1H-1,2,3,4-tetra-zole-5-thiol-ate.

In the crystal structure of the title zwitterion, C5H11N5S, mol-ecules are linked via N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming zigzag chains propagating along [010]. The chains are linked by C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming two dimensional networks lying parallel to (001).

Brazilin ameliorates high glucose-induced vascular inflammation via inhibiting ROS and CAMs production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Vascular inflammatory process has been suggested to play a key role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have shown that brazilin exhibits antihepatotoxic, antiplatelet, cancer preventive, or anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, we investigated whether brazilin suppresses vascular inflammatory process induced by high glucose (HG) in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).

Low frequency ultrasound (42 kHz) assisted degradation of Acid Blue 113 in the presence of visible light driven rare earth nanoclusters loaded TiO2 nanophotocatalysts.

An attempt has been made to render the visible light driven photocatalytic activity to the TiO2 nanocatalysts by loading 1 wt% of rare earth (RE) nanoclusters (Gd(3+), Nd(3+) and Y(3+)) using a low frequency (42 kHz) producing commercial sonicator. The STEM-HAADF analysis confirms that the RE nanoclusters were residing at the surface of the TiO2. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirm that the loading of RE nanoclusters cannot make any significant changes in the crystal structure of TiO2.

The genus spilanthes ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties: a review.

Spilanthes spp. are popular, over-the-counter remedies; they are sold over the internet under various names and are widely used in traditional medicine in various cultures. This review will summarize the important reports on the ethnopharmacology, botany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties as described in the literature from recent years (1920 to 2013).

FT-IR, FT-Raman, UV, NMR spectra, molecular structure, ESP, NBO and HOMO-LUMO investigation of 2-methylpyridine 1-oxide: a combined experimental and DFT study.

In this paper, the equilibrium geometry, bonding features, vibrational frequencies, (1)H and (13)C chemical shift values, molecular electrostatic potential maps, HOMO-LUMO energies and several thermodynamic parameters of title compound in the ground state have been calculated by using the density functional method with 6-31G(d,p) and 6-311G(d,p) basis sets. A detailed interpretation of the infrared and Raman spectra of 2-methylpyridine 1-oxide was reported. Furthermore, natural bond orbitals were performed in this work.

Immobilization and characterization of carbonic anhydrase purified from E. coli MO1 and its influence on CO₂ sequestration.

The present investigation entails the immobilisation and characterisation of Escherichia coli MO1-derived carbonic anhydrase (CA) and its influence on the transformation of CO₂ to CaCO₃. CA was purified from MO1 using a combination of Sephadex G-75 and DEAE cellulose column chromatography, resulting in 4.64-fold purification.

Potential probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum VSG3 improves the growth, immunity, and disease resistance of tropical freshwater fish, Labeo rohita.

The study evaluated the effects of dietary doses of Lactobacillus plantarum VSG3 on the growth performance, immunity, and disease resistance of Labeo rohita juveniles against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Fish (mean body weight 60 g) were fed with diet containing 0 (control), 10(6), 10(8), 10(10) cfu g(-1)L. plantarum VSG3 for 60 days.

Characteristics of Bacterial Isolates from the Gut of Freshwater Fish, Labeo rohita that May be Useful as Potential Probiotic Bacteria.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the in vitro probiotic characteristics of three bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum VSG3, Pseudomonas aeruginosa VSG2, and Bacillus subtilis VSG1, isolated from the gut of Labeo rohita. The bacterial isolates tolerated low pH and high bile concentrations in the fish well. The bacterial adhesion capacity to fish intestinal mucosa revealed that the three potential probiotic isolates had a significantly higher adhesion capacity compared to the pathogenic strains tested.

Carbon distribution to toxic effect in toxin proteins.

The role of hydrophobic force in biological function through the formation of several local macro-molecular structures is evident. Carbon is the element that contributes to biological function in living systems. We show that carbon distribution is related to protein activity using an example.

Immobilization of carbonic anhydrase enzyme purified from Bacillus subtilis VSG-4 and its application as CO(2) sequesterer.

The purification, immobilization, and characterization of carbonic anhydrase (CA) secreted by Bacillus subtilis VSG-4 isolated from tropical soil have been investigated in this work. Carbonic anhydrase was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex-G-75 column chromatography, and DEAE-cellulose chromatography, achieving a 24.6-fold purification.

In vitro evaluation of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals influenced by Costus igneus aqueous extract.

Objective: Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals are frequently found in urinary calculi (stones).

Material And Methods: COM crystals were grown by the single diffusion gel growth technique and the inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of leaves, stems and rhizome of Costus igneus on the growth of COM crystals were studied.

Results: With an increase in the concentration of aqueous extract of C.

Effects of dietary supplementation of potential probiotic Pseudomonas aeruginosa VSG-2 on the innate immunity and disease resistance of tropical freshwater fish, Labeo rohita.

The effects of dietary Pseudomonas aeruginosa VSG-2 supplementation on innate immunity and protection against Aeromonas hydrophila infection were evaluated in Labeo rohita. Fish were fed for 60 days with control diet or 3 experimental diets containing P. aeruginosa VSG-2 at 10(5), 10(7), and 10(9) cfu g(-l), respectively.

Effect of Costus igneus stem extract on calcium oxalate urolithiasis in albino rats.

The effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Costus igneus (stem) and isolated compounds lupeol and stigmasterol on calcium oxalate urolithiasis have been studied in male albino Wistar rats. Ethylene glycol feeding resulted in hyperoxaluria as well as increased renal excretion of calcium and oxalate. The increased deposition of stone-forming constituents in the urine, serum, and kidney homogenate of urolithic rats was significantly (p < 0.

A comparison of serum cystatin C and creatinine with glomerular filtration rate in Indian patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objectives: There is no literature available on the performance of cystatin C in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients of Indian population based on age group. Hence, this study is aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of serum cystatin C and creatinine with measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and estimated GFR (eGFR) in subjects of Indian origin.

Methods: The study was carried out at Tiruchirappalli, South India during the period of September 2010 to march 2011.

Antagonistic Activity of Cellular Components of Potential Probiotic Bacteria, Isolated from the Gut of Labeo rohita, Against Aeromonas hydrophila.

The objective of this study was to characterise the antagonistic activity of cellular components of potential probiotic bacteria isolated from the gut of healthy rohu (Labeo rohita), a tropical freshwater fish, against the fish pathogen, Aeromonas hydrophila. Three potential probiotic strains (referred to as R1, R2, and R5) were screened using a well diffusion, and their antagonistic activity against A. hydrophila was determined.

Positive patterning of ferritin and fibronectin molecules on silicon by the atomic force microscopic anodic oxidation technique.

Oxide dots fabricated on silicon (111) by the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) anodic oxidation technique was used for the patterning of two different proteins namely, ferritin and fibronectin. Si surfaces were oxidized by the SC1 process and then modified with octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) for passivation. Oxide dots were fabricated by applying a bias voltage between the AFM probe and the silicon surface.

Purification and partial characterization of a detergent and oxidizing agent stable alkaline protease from a newly isolated Bacillus subtilis VSG-4 of tropical soil.

An extracellular detergent tolerant protease producing strain VSG-4 was isolated from tropical soil sample and identified as Bacillus subtilis based on morphological, biochemical characteristics as well as 16S-rRNA gene sequencing. The VSG-4 protease was purified to homogeneity using ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialysis and sephadex G-200 gel permeation chromatography with a 17.4 purification fold.