Estimation of Plasma Concentration of L-Carnosine and its Correlation with Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder Children: A Pilot Clinical Trial.

Background: Literature indicates that L-carnosine may be deficient in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children. The aim of the present study was to estimate the level of L-carnosine in plasma and correlate it with the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale 2nd Edition, Standard Version (CARS2-ST) scores. To measure L-carnosine level, a bio-analytical method was developed using reverse phase high- liquid chromatography and validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines.

The Effect of Polymers on Drug Release Kinetics in Nanoemulsion Gel Formulation.

Glaucoma is an ocular condition characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Conventional treatments of glaucoma face poor corneal permeability and bioavailability. To address these issues, a nanoemulsion in situ gel of Timolol maleate was developed in this study by adding the polymer Carbopol 934p.

Enhanced Bioavailability of Boswellic Acid by : A Computational and Pharmacokinetic Study.

Chronic inflammation is a key culprit factor in the onset and progression of several diseases. Novel and pharmacologically effective therapeutic approaches are needed for new treatment remedy or improved pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics for existing synthetic drugs, in particular natural products. Boswellic acids are well-known natural products, with capacity to effectively retard inflammation without severe adverse effects.

Andrographolide as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease: an in silico approach.

SARS-CoV-2 virus which caused the global pandemic the Coronavirus Disease- 2019 (COVID-2019) has infected about 1,203,959 patients and brought forth death rate about 64,788 among 206 countries as mentioned by WHO in the month of April 2020. The clinical trials are underway for Remdesivir, an investigational anti-viral drug from Gilead Sciences. Antimalarial drugs such as Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine derivatives are being used in emergency cases; however, they are not suitable for patients with conditions like diabetes, hypertension and cardiac issues.

Attenuation of adjuvant-induced arthrits by Stereospermum colais and Stereospermum suaveolens via modulation of inflammatory mediators.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The plants selected for this study, Stereospermum colais and Stereospermum suaveolens are named as Patala in Ayurvedic medicine. Patala is a component of the reputed dasamula (ten roots) used for various imperative Ayurvedic formulations. The roots of Patala have rich traditional value especially in the treatment of inflammation and rheumatism.

Anatomical investigation of flower of Butea monosperma Lam.

Background: Butea frondosa Roxb. and Koen. syn.

Comparative anti - microbial evaluation studies of the extracts and isolates of leaves & bark of wrightia tomentosa.

The Butanol and Ethanol extract of the leaves and bark of Wrightia tomentosa along with its seven pure component isolates (BLF(28), BLF(29*), BBF(29), ELF(3), ELF7, ELF(17*), EBF(7) ) after fractionation by column chromatography were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Gram positive (S. aureus, S. fecalis, S.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel structural type of serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists.

A series of novel 3-substituted quinoxalin-2-carboxamides were designed as per the pharmacophoric requirement for 5-HT(3) receptor antagonists and prepared by microwave irradiation and also by conventional method. The compounds were characterized by spectral data (IR, (1)H NMR, and MS) and the purity was ascertained by microanalysis. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for 5-HT(3) antagonisms in longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus preparation from guinea pig ileum against 5-HT(3) agonist, 2-methyl-5-HT.

Synthesis and H1-antihistaminic activity of some novel 1-substituted-4-(3-methylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-ones.

A series of novel 1-substituted-4-(3-methylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-ones were synthesized by the cyclization of 2-hydrazino-3-(3-methylphenyl) quinazolin-4(3H)-one with various one carbon donors. The starting material 2-hydrazino-3-(3-methylphenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one, was synthesized from 3-methylaniline by a novel innovative route. When tested for their in vivo H(1)-antihistaminic activity on conscious guinea pigs, all the test compounds protected the animals from histamine induced bronchospasm significantly, whereas the compound 1-methyl-4-(3-methylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-one II was found to be equipotent (percent protection 70.

Synthesis, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of some novel 2-butyl-3-substituted quinazolin-4-(3H)-ones.

A variety of novel 2-butyl-3-substituted quinazolin-4-(3H)-ones have been synthesized by reacting (2-butyl-4-oxo-3H-quinazolin-3-yl)dithiocarbamic acid methyl ester with a variety of amines; the starting material dithiocarbamate was synthesized from anthranilic acid. The title compounds were investigated for analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. While the test compounds exhibited significant activity, compounds A1, A2, A3 and A4 showed more potent analgesic activity and compound A4 showed more potent anti-inflammatory activity than the reference diclofenac sodium.

Synthesis and pharmacological investigation of novel 1-substituted-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-ones as a new class of H1-antihistaminic agents.

A series of novel 1-substituted-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-ones 7 were synthesized by the cyclization of 2-hydrazino-3-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one 6 with various one carbon donors. The starting material 2-hydrazino-3-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one 6, was synthesized from aniline 1 by a novel innovative route. When tested for their in vivo H(1)-antihistaminic activity on conscious guinea pigs all the test compounds protected the animals from histamine induced bronchospasm significantly, whereas the compound 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-one 7b (percentage protection 70.

BRONCHODILATOR EFFECT OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF Euphorbia hirta linn.

The bronchodilator effect of alcoholic extract of Euphorbia hirta Linn was evaluated at different doses (50,100 and 200mg/kg,p.o), using histamine aerosol test model. A dose dependent bronchodilator effect was observed in E.

Evaluation of mosquitocidal activity of Annona squamosa leaves against filarial vector mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say.

Methanolic extract of leaves of A. squamosa was tested for mosquitocidal effect against C. quinquefasciatus.

Antimicrobial activity of root extracts of dalbergia spinosa roxb.

The different concentrations of benzene, alcoholic and aqueous root extracts of Dalbergia spinosa Roxb. (Fabaceae) have been studied for its anitmicrobial activity against certain gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus), gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Escherichia coli) bacteria and fungi (Candida albicans) using cup plate method. Benzene, alcoholic extracts(50, 75 and 100 μg/ml) and aqueous extract only at higher concentration (100 μg / ml) exhibited significant activity.

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL STUDIES ON LEAF OF Coldenia procumbens Linn.

The plant Coldenia procumbens Linn. is used commonly in Indian system of medicine for various ailments. The present paper deals with detailed pharmacognosy of the leaf of coldenia procumbens Linn.

Antibacterial activity of root extract of trianthema decandra.

Methanolic extract of Trianthema decandra was investigated for its antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus (NCIM 2079), Escherichia coli (NCIM 2065), Bacillus subtilis (NCIM 2063), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NICIM 2036) and Proteus vulgaris (NICIM 2027) at 100 μg/disc using disc diffusion method. The extract showed significant antibacterial activity and were comparable to Chloramphenicol (30/ μg/disc). Our findings confirm the traditional therapeutic claims for this herb.

Effect of root extract of Aegle marmelos on dermal wound healing in rats.

The wound healing effect of methanolic extract of the root of aegle marmelos was evaluated in the form of an ointment with two different concentrations (5% and 10% w/w in simple ointment base) in excision wound model and incision wound model in rats. In both the concentrations, the extract ointment produced a significant response in both the wound types tested, as evidenced by its wound contracting ability, wound closure time and increase in the tensile strength. The results were also comparable to those of a standard drug nitrofurazone.

Eudragit matrices for sustained release of ketorolac tromethamine: formulation and kinetics of release.

Matrix type formulations with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) using a polymeric binder (Eudragit RSPM) to obtain controlled release of Ketorolac tromethamine (KT) has been investigated. The drug, DCPD and Eudragit RSPM were granulated using isopropyl alcohol with and without a plasticizer (Diethyl phthalate, DEP). Addition of Eudragit appear to affect the release profile.

Effect of methanolic extract of Enicostemma littorale on Dalton's ascitic lymphoma.

The antitumour activity of methanolic extract of Enicostemma littorale (MEL) has been evaluated against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma (DAL) in swiss albino mice. A significant enhancement of mean survival time of MEL treated tumour bearing mice was found with respect to control group. MEL treatment was found to enhance peritoneal cell counts.

Anti-steroidogenic activity of floral extract of Thespesia populnea Corr. in mouse ovary.

Anti-steroidogenic activity of various extracts of T. populnea was screened in female albino mice. The weight of the uterus and ovaries were reduced significantly and the cholesterol and ascorbic acid content in ovaries were significantly elevated due to the treatment with extract of T.

Nonionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) of cytarabine hydrochloride for effective treatment of leukemias: encapsulation, storage, and in vitro release.

Niosome vesicles of cytarabine hydrochloride were prepared by a lipid hydration method that excluded dicetylphosphate. The sizes of the vesicles obtained ranged from 600 to 1000 nm, with the objective of producing more blood levels in vivo. The study of the release of drug from niosomes exhibited a prolonged release profile as studied over a period of 16 hr.

Hepatoprotective activity of kadhaka kadhiradi kashayam.

Kadhaka Kadhiradi Kasayam (KKK) was screened for hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in albino rats at a dose of 0.5ml/kg body weight. The drug reduced weight alkaline phosphatase and GOT activity in liver, cholesterol and GPT activity in serum.

Effect of the methanolic extract of Glinus lotoides on Dalton's ascitic lymphoma.

The antitumour activity of the methanolic extract of Glinus lotoides (MGL) has been evaluated against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma (DAL) in Swiss albino mice. A significant enhancement of mean survival time of tumour bearing mice and peritoneal cell count in normal mice was observed with respect to the control group. When these MGL treated animals underwent i.

Dissolution studies on tablets of ibuprofen using chitosan.

An attempt has been made to study the release retardant behaviour of chitosan in ibuprofen tablets. Three different ibuprofen tablets were prepared by using 1,3 and 5% chitosan paste. In vitro evaluations were carried out by using dissolution testing apparatus U.

Effect of sivanaar amirtham and ayakkantha chendooram in experimental inflammation and mast cell protection.

The Siddha Drugs Sivannar Amirthan (SA), Ayakkantha chendooram (AC) and their combinations were screened for their anti-inflammatory effect against carrageenin induced paw edema and for its protective effect on mast cellos against degranulation, A significant anti-inflammatory and mast cell protective effects were observed.