Evaluating the Use of Dexamethasone in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons (AAHKS) strongly recommends the use of dexamethasone in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA) due to its therapeutic effects. However, use in diabetic patients is controversial due to safety. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine safety: (1) calculating the post-operative glucose levels; (2) finding the ideal dexamethasone dosing regimen; and (3) reporting complications of dexamethasone administration in diabetic patients undergoing TJA.

Association and predictive ability between significant perioperative cardiovascular adverse events and stress glucose rise in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.

Background: The predictive importance of the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), which is composed of admission blood glucose (ABG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), has not been fully established in noncardiac surgery. This study aims to evaluate the association and predictive capability the SHR for major perioperative adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in noncardiac surgery patients.

Methods: Individuals who underwent noncardiac surgical procedures between 2011 and 2020, including both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, were identified in the perioperative medicine database (INSPIRE 1.

Endocrinologic Abnormalities Observed Among Total Joint Arthroplasty Patients Using "Artri King" and Related Over-the-Counter Supplements: A Cautionary Tale from a Safety Net Hospital.

: Artri King is an over-the-counter supplement previously marketed to treat joint pain and arthritis. In 2022, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a product warning after it discovered Artri King contained hidden ingredients including dexamethasone, diclofenac, and methocarbamol. Given the risk of adrenal insufficiency in the context of long-term dexamethasone use, we sought to report on adverse endocrinologic outcomes observed among patients endorsing the use of these supplements who presented to an orthopedic surgery clinic at a county safety net hospital.

Rationale and strategies for improving glycaemic control in diabetic patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus has markedly risen in recent years. Consequently, there has been a rise in the number of patients with diabetes undergoing cardiac surgery. Despite the existence of national and international guidelines to improve surgical outcomes in patients with diabetes, perioperative diabetes management optimisation remains inadequate resulting in these patients experiencing increased rates of surgical morbidity and mortality.

Analysis of The 2024 ESC/EACTS Guidelines For The Management Of Atrial Fibrillation.

The 2024 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for atrial fibrillation (AF) emphasize a patient-centered approach to management, structured around the AF-CARE pathway: Comorbidity and risk factor management (C), Avoiding stroke and thromboembolism (A), Reducing symptoms through rate and rhythm control (R), and Evaluation and dynamic reassessment (E). This framework ensures that comorbidities such as hypertension, heart failure, diabetes, and obesity are effectively managed to prevent disease progression and improve outcomes. A key principle of the guidelines is shared decision making involving patients, families, caregivers, and healthcare teams to ensure individualized care that reflects patient preferences.

Perioperative Management of a Child With Pre-existing Diabetes Insipidus Undergoing Craniopharyngioma Excision: A Case Report.

Craniopharyngiomas are rare tumors arising in the suprasellar area of the brain and are more common in the pediatric age group. Due to the involvement of the hypothalamus, central diabetes insipidus (DI) is usually associated with such lesions. Patients with DI are at risk for significant electrolyte disturbances due to high urine output and the potential for sodium imbalance.

Gastric ultrasound: Enhancing preoperative risk assessment and patient safety.

Perioperative pulmonary aspiration is a critical complication linked to significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in high-risk populations such as patients with diabetes, obesity, gastroparesis, or those using Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs). Standard fasting protocols may not be appropriate for these patients, as they have increased propensity of delayed gastric emptying, hence increasing the complex of the preoperative risk assessment. Gastric ultrasound (GUS) provides a non-invasive, reliable method for assessing gastric content and volume, enabling anaesthesia professionals to make informed decisions regarding aspiration risk, airway management, and surgical scheduling.

Primary Results of Our Protocol for Standardization of Perioperative Antiplatelet Agent Management on the Incidence of Epidural Hematoma and Thrombotic Complications in Posterior Cervical Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: This study aimed to standardize perioperative interruption of antiplatelet agents in patients undergoing cervical spinal surgery and investigate the incidence of epidural hematoma and thrombotic complications.

Methods: A total of 153 patients, consisting of 85 men and 68 women, were included in this study. Their mean age was 65.

Cambridge risk score, new hyperglycemia, and complications in surgical patients without diabetes.

Aims: Our study examined the association between the Cambridge Risk Score (CRS), new hyperglycemia (NH), and complications in patients undergoing elective surgery.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, adult surgical patients, without diabetes, with NH (blood glucose ≥140 mg/dL) were identified, and the CRS was calculated. We used univariate regression models to evaluate the relationship between CRS and NH with 30-day readmission, length of stay (LOS), and complications.