Uniform data set language measures for bvFTD and PPA diagnosis and monitoring.

Introduction: The Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Module (FTLD-MOD) includes a neuropsychological battery designed to assess the clinical features of FTLD, although much is unknown about its utility. We investigated FTLD-MOD and Uniform Data Set 3.0 (UDS) language tests for differential diagnosis and disease monitoring.

Driving distances and loss to follow-up after hematopoietic cell transplantation.

In a recent multicenter analysis, long geographic distances predicted loss to follow-up (LTF) among allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) survivors. We hypothesized that lower frequencies of patient interactions (including in-person appointments and telemedicine encounters) would predict LTF rather than long driving distances. However, in our retrospective single-center analysis of 263 HCT survivors, the only predictors of LTF were residence in the furthest driving-distance quartile and Medicaid insurance (but not annualized frequencies of patient interactions).

Preclinical evaluation of cancer immune therapy using patient-derived tumor antigen-specific T cells in a novel xenograft platform.

Objectives: With a rapidly growing list of candidate immune-based cancer therapeutics, there is a critical need to generate highly reliable animal models to preclinically evaluate the efficacy of emerging immune-based therapies, facilitating successful clinical translation. Our aim was to design and validate a novel model (called Xenomimetic or 'X' mouse) that allows monitoring of the ability of human tumor-specific T cells to suppress tumor growth following their entry into the tumor.

Methods: Tumor xenografts are established rapidly in the greater omentum of globally immunodeficient NOD- (NSG) mice following an intraperitoneal injection of melanoma target cells expressing tumor neoantigen peptides, as well as green fluorescent protein and/or luciferase.

Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Sarcopenia, and Liver Transplantation.

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Tapering thrombopoietin receptor agonists in primary immune thrombocytopenia: Expert consensus based on the RAND/UCLA modified Delphi panel method.

Background: Thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) are used to treat primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Some patients have discontinued treatment while maintaining a hemostatic platelet count.

Objectives: To develop expert consensus on when it is appropriate to consider tapering TPO-RAs in ITP, how to taper patients off therapy, how to monitor patients after discontinuation, and how to restart therapy.

COVID-19 Pandemic Prompts a Paradigm Shift in Global Emergency Medicine: Multidirectional Education and Remote Collaboration.

To date, the practice of global emergency medicine (GEM) has involved being "on the ground" supporting in-country training of local learners, conducting research, and providing clinical care. This face-to-face interaction has been understood as critically important for developing partnerships and building trust. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant uncertainty worldwide, including international travel restrictions of indeterminate permanence.

Understanding Graduating Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellow Priorities for Career Pathways and Faculty Recruitment for Academic or Community Emergency Departments.

Objectives: Factors influencing the employment of pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellows in a career in academic medicine versus community emergency department (ED) settings have not previously been explored. The purpose of this study was to explore PEM fellows' priorities in selecting jobs and to identify factors that influence their decisions regarding career choices through a multicenter, qualitative approach. We also explored program directors' beliefs about graduates' job selection priorities.

Delayed emergencies: The composition and magnitude of non-respiratory emergency department visits during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Importance: COVID-19 has been associated with excess mortality among patients not diagnosed with COVID-19, suggesting disruption of acute health care provision may play a role.

Objective: To determine the degree of declines in emergency department (ED) visits attributable to COVID-19 and determine whether these declines were concentrated among patients with fewer comorbidities and lower severity visits.

Design: We conducted a differences-in-differences analysis of all commercial health insurance claims for ED visits in the first 20 weeks of 2018, 2019, and 2020.

Impact of Decipher on use of post-operative radiotherapy: Individual patient analysis of two prospective registries.

Objective: To assess the association between Genomic Classifier (GC)-risk group and post-radical prostatectomy treatment in clinical practice.

Methods: Two prospective observational cohorts of men with prostate cancer (PCa) who underwent RP in two referral centers and had GC testing post-prostatectomy between 2013 and 2018 were included. The primary endpoint of the study was to assess the association between GC-risk group and time to secondary therapy.

A refined panel of 42 microsatellite loci to universally genotype catarrhine primates.

Microsatellite genotyping is an important genetic method for a number of research questions in biology. Given that the traditional fragment length analysis using polyacrylamide gel or capillary electrophoresis has several drawbacks, microsatellite genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) has arisen as a promising alternative. Although GBS mitigates many of the problems of fragment length analysis, issues with allelic dropout and null alleles often remain due to mismatches in primer binding sites and unnecessarily long PCR products.

Diagnosis and management of immune-related adverse effects of immune checkpoint therapy in the emergency department.

Rapid advances in cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors have led to significantly improved survival. Rapid identification of the toxicity syndromes associated with these therapeutic agents is very important for emergency physicians because the population of patients diagnosed with cancer is increasing and cancer therapies including immune checkpoint inhibitors have become the first-line treatment for more and more types of cancer. The emergency medicine literature lags behind rapid advances in oncology, and oncology guidelines for rapid recognition and management of these emerging toxicity syndromes are not familiar to emergency physicians.

Outcomes of Childhood Cholestasis in Alagille Syndrome: Results of a Multicenter Observational Study.

Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder with cholestasis as a defining clinical feature. We sought to characterize hepatic outcomes in a molecularly defined cohort of children with ALGS-related cholestasis. Two hundred and ninety-three participants with ALGS with native liver were enrolled.

Second-line treatments and outcomes for immune thrombocytopenia: A retrospective study with electronic health records.

Background: Second-line treatment for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is not well reported for patients treated in real-world clinical settings.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes of four second-line treatments for ITP.

Patients/methods: Included adult patients had at least two medical records containing ITP diagnoses and second-line eltrombopag, romiplostim, rituximab, or splenectomy.

Development and evaluation of an EHR-based computable phenotype for identification of pediatric Crohn's disease patients in a National Pediatric Learning Health System.

Objectives: To develop and evaluate the classification accuracy of a computable phenotype for pediatric Crohn's disease using electronic health record data from PEDSnet, a large, multi-institutional research network and Learning Health System.

Study Design: Using clinician and informatician input, algorithms were developed using combinations of diagnostic and medication data drawn from the PEDSnet clinical dataset which is comprised of 5.6 million children from eight U.

Self-Organizing Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Hepatocyte 3D Organoids Inform the Biology of the Pleiotropic Gene.

Establishment of a physiologically relevant human hepatocyte-like cell system for translational research has been hampered by the limited availability of cell models that accurately reflect human biology and the pathophysiology of human disease. Here we report a robust, reproducible, and scalable protocol for the generation of hepatic organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using short exposure to nonengineered matrices. These hepatic organoids follow defined stages of hepatic development and express higher levels of early (hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A [HNF4A], prospero-related homeobox 1 [PROX1]) and mature hepatic and metabolic markers (albumin, asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 [ASGR1], CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α [C/EBPα]) than two-dimensional (2D) hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) at day 20 of differentiation.

Examination of a partial dietary self-monitoring approach for behavioral weight management.

Introduction: Dietary self-monitoring in behavioral weight loss programmes traditionally involves keeping track of all foods and beverages to achieve a calorie deficit. While effective, adherence declines over time. WW™ (formerly Weight Watchers), a widely available commercial weight management programme, sought to pilot an approach that permitted participants to consume over 200 foods without monitoring them.

Updates on management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects about 1%-5% of the pediatric population. The consequences of untreated OSA in children include neurocognitive deficits, behavioral problems, poor school performance as well as systemic and pulmonary hypertension. The treatment options for pediatric OSA are numerous with a variety of surgical and non-surgical interventions.