[Pathogen analysis in patients with diabetic foot osteomyelitis using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing].

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms in the infected bone tissues in patients with diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing to facilitate rapid and accurate detection of pathogens and effective infection control.

Methods: Between September, 2016 and April, 2017, 16 patients with DFO were admitted in our department and infected bone specimens were obtained during debridement. The pathogenic microorganisms in the specimens were identified using both 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and automatic blood culture analyzer, and the characteristics of the microflora were analyzed based on 16S rRNA sequencing data in comparison with the results of blood culture.

Fusobacterium emphysematous pyomyositis with necrotizing fasciitis of the leg presenting as compartment syndrome: a case report.

Background: Fusobacterium necrophorum is a common agent of disease in humans, but the occurrence of primary infections outside the head and neck area is extremely rare. While infection with Fusobacterium necrophorum has a rather benign course above the thorax, the organism is capable of producing very severe disease when located in unusual sites, including various forms of septic thrombophlebitis. No infections of the leg have been documented before; thus, antibiotic coverage for Fusobacterium is currently not recommended in this area.

Pyogenic Brain Abscess Caused by Peptostreptococcus in a Patient with HIV-1 Infection.

In the setting of HIV, cerebral lesions are usually secondary to lymphoma and opportunistic infections; however, in patients with CD4 counts above 200 cells/uL, other pathologies such as pyogenic brain abscess could gain importance. The microbiology of pyogenic brain abscess has and as the leading etiologic pathogens in immunocompetent individuals. is also recognized as a common cause of brain abscess in this patient population.

Septic arthritis of knee joint due to micra.

species are anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci that are a constituent of normal oral and gastrointestinal flora. We present a case of right knee joint septic arthritis due to in an immunocompromised patient. A 61-year-old male renal and pancreatic transplant recipient on immunosuppressive therapy was admitted to our hospital due to intense pain, joint swelling and inability to move his right knee over the past 9 months.

Clinical and microbiological effectiveness of photodynamic therapy on primary endodontic infections: a 6-month randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: This short-term randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on clinical success (periapical healing) and on the microbiota of primary endodontic infections.

Methods: Thirty-two patients presenting mandibular molars with apical periodontitis (one tooth/patient) were selected and randomly allocated into two therapeutic groups: control (chemo-mechanical debridement [CMD]; n = 16) and PDT (CMD + PDT; n = 16). All teeth in both groups had intracanal medication with calcium hydroxide for 7 days before final obturation.

Activities of Pexiganan and 10 Comparator Antimicrobials against 502 Anaerobic Isolates Recovered from Skin and Skin Structure Infections.

Pexiganan, a cationic peptide, exhibited a broad range of anti-anaerobic antimicrobial activity. The MICs of studied isolates were as follows: , 16 μg/ml; other group spp., 4 μg/ml; and spp.

Bacterial isolates and antimicrobial susceptibilities from odontogenic abscesses in rabbits: 48 cases.

The medical record database of a veterinary teaching hospital was searched from 2000 through 2014 for records of client-owned rabbits with positive cultures from odontogenic abscesses. Data reviewed included sex, age, abscess location, sampling technique, previous antimicrobial treatments, microorganisms identified and antibiotic susceptibility of aerobic bacteria. Forty-eight client owned rabbits with one or more odontogenic abscesses and culture results were evaluated.

Factors Associated with Choice and Success of One- Versus Two-Stage Revision Arthroplasty for Infected Hip and Knee Prostheses.

Background: Prosthetic joint infections (PJI) of hip and knee arthroplasties are becoming increasingly common with an aging population and an increasing demand for these procedures. Despite attempts at standardization, medical and surgical approaches vary widely among practitioners.

Questions/purposes: We first sought to determine if there were specific factors associated with choice of one- versus two-stage revision.

[Anaerobic Bacteria with Clinical Relevance: Morphologic and Taxonomic Classification, Distribution among Human Microbiota and Microbiologic Diagnosis].

The wide burden of anaerobic bacteria colonizing human body comprises about 90% of its total biomass. The biotic relationship between humans and its microbiota sets reciprocal benefits, albeit with pathogenic potencial for the human being in particular dysbiosis situations. Infections adjacent to or originating from the skin or mucous membranes of the intestinal, genitourinary and upper respiratory tracts are often polymicrobial in nature, whereby should anaerobes be invariably included in the etiological differential diagnosis of these conditions.

Spondylodiscitis due to Parvimonas micra diagnosed by the melting temperature mapping method: a case report.

Background: It has been suggested that more than 100 bacterial species can be identified using only seven universal bacterial primer sets in the melting temperature (Tm) mapping method and that these findings can be obtained within 3 h of sterile site collection.

Case Presentation: A 67-year-old Japanese man with type 2 diabetes visited our hospital complaining of progressive lower back pain for 2 months. The patient was suspected to have spondylodiscitis on magnetic resonance imaging of the spine.

Odontogenic orbital abscess with intracranial and pulmonary involvement.

A 58-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with left ptosis and complete ophthalmoplegia. Imaging demonstrated a left orbital abscess. Her past medical history included cavitatory lung disease and "aseptic" meningitis 2 months previously.

Metritis vaccination in Holstein dairy heifers using a herd-specific multivalent vaccine - Effects on uterine health and fertility in first lactation.

In cattle, acute puerperal metritis (APM) compromises animal welfare and has an economic impact to the farmer because of the detrimental effects on reproductive performance, milk production, and survivability. The aim of this randomized clinical study was to investigate the effects of a prepartum immunization using a herd-specific multivalent vaccine on incidence of APM, prevalence of clinical endometritis (CE), and selected measures of reproductive performance in primiparous Holstein cows. Pregnant nulliparous cows (230±4days of gestation) assigned to the vaccinated group (VG; n=142) received subcutaneously 5.

Bacterial communities found in placental tissues are associated with severe chorioamnionitis and adverse birth outcomes.

Preterm birth is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Bacterial infection and the subsequent inflammatory response are recognised as an important cause of preterm birth. It is hypothesised that these organisms ascend the cervical canal, colonise placental tissues, cause chorioamnionitis and in severe cases infect amniotic fluid and the foetus.

Odontogenic orbital cellulitis associated with cavernous sinus thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a case report.

Background: This case illustrates the importance of prompt assessment and treatment of orbital cellulitis. In fact the ocular signs and symptoms may be associated with systemic complications which should be investigated and identified as soon as possible to avoid a poor prognosis.

Case Presentation: A 46-year-old white woman presented to our emergency room with proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, and conjunctival chemosis of her left eye.

Dipping into the Clostridium difficile pool: Are alcohol-based dispensers fomites for C difficile?

The purpose of this study was to evaluate alcohol-based dispensers as potential fomites for Clostridium difficile. A convenience sample of 120 alcohol-based dispensers was evaluated for the presence of C difficile either by culture or polymerase chain reaction for C difficile toxin. The results demonstrated that C difficile was not cultured, and C difficile toxin was not detected using polymerase chain reaction; however, gram-positive rods, Clostridium perfringens, Pantoea agglomerans, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Bacillus spp, and microaerophilic Streptococcus were present within the overflow basins of the alcohol-based dispensers.

-associated septic arthritis and osteomyelitis in a woman with osteoarthritis and diabetes mellitus.

, a Gram-positive obligatory anaerobic coccus, is a commensal of the human vagina and gut and can be an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. It is usually part of polymicrobial anaerobic infections such as skin and soft tissue infections in diabetics, bone and joint infections and surgical site infections; however, infections caused by in pure culture have been reported as well. Herein, we describe a case of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis caused by in a woman with osteoarthritis and diabetes mellitus.

Osteomyelitis of the jaw (with pathological fracture) following extraction of an impacted wisdom tooth. A case report.

Osteomyelitis is an infection and inflammation associated with the bone structures: bone marrow, cortical bone, periosteum, blood vessels and nerves. Although it does not have a frequent presentation, it can sometimes lead to complications such as pathological fractures or even septicemia. We present a clinical case study, to assess the relationship between osteomyelitis of the jaw and pathological fractures, after the extraction of an impacted wisdom tooth.

Isolation of bacteria from diabetic foot ulcers with special reference to anaerobe isolation by simple two-step combustion technique in candle jar.

Background & Objectives: Although polymicrobial infections involving both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria are very common in diabetic foot ulcers, in many centres of developing countries, anaerobes are rarely isolated due to technical difficulties. This can be overcome by using a new simple, innovative technique of a combination of candle combustion and use of acidified copper-coated steel wool, as reported here.

Methods: In-house developed method was used in a prospective clinico-microbiological study for anaerobes from randomly selected 43 patients with diabetic foot ulcers along with conventional method of anaerobic culture in GasPak system and aerobic culture by standard laboratory procedures.

Case of pacemaker pocket infection caused by Finegoldia magna.

Finegoldia magna (formerly called Peptostreptococcus magnus) is a Gram-positive anaerobic coccus which is increasingly recognized as an opportunistic pathogen. We present a case of F. magna associated non-valvular cardiovascular device-related infection in an 83 year-old male who received a permanent pacemaker for sick sinus syndrome seven weeks prior to his presentation.

Pleural effusion due to Parvimonas micra. A case report and a literature review of 30 cases.

The clinical and microbiological characteristics of infections caused by Parvimonas micra is described, including 30 cases in the literature and a new case handled at the present centre. Out of the 31 patients, 18 were male; mean age at diagnosis was 65.1 ± 13.

Recurrence of Deep Surgical Site Infection in Cerebral Palsy After Spinal Fusion Is Rare.

Study Design: Retrospective review of prospective registry.

Objectives: To assess the following in children with cerebral palsy (CP) who develop deep surgical site infection (DSSI) after spinal fusion: (1) rate of infection recurrence after treatment; (2) treatments used; (3) radiographic outcomes; and (4) differences in Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD) scores versus those of children with no infection (NI).

Summary Of Background Data: Studies show high rates of surgical site infection in patients with CP but do not address late recurrence or quality-of-life effects.

Biofilm colonization in chronic treatment refractory infections presenting with discharging sinuses: A study in a tertiary care hospital of Eastern India.

Introduction: Treatment refractory chronic recurrent infections mean those chronic infections which recur by same causal agents with similar drug responsiveness after apparent relief following full course of recommended antimicrobial management.

Materials And Methods: Fifty different samples were collected from patients with chronic surgical site infections, laparoscopic port site infections, anal fistula, mesh hernioplasty, chronic dacryocystitis, chronic osteomyelitis, and chronic burn wounds. Samples were processed for culture, identification, antibiotic sensitivity testing using standard microbiological techniques.

Efficacy of tedizolid against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius in thigh mixed-infection mouse model.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the antimicrobial activity of human simulated exposures of tedizolid 200 mg daily, and linezolid 600 mg every 12 h for the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infection (cSSSI) caused by MRSA and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius in both the neutropenic mice thigh mixed-infection models.

Material And Method: Tedizolid phosphate and linezolid were used for all in vivo testing. A total of one MRSA and two P.