In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci Responsible for Human Invasive Infections.

The aim of this multicentre study was to determine the in vitro susceptibility to anti-anaerobic antibiotics of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) isolates responsible for invasive infections in humans. A total of 133 GPAC isolates were collected in nine French hospitals from 2016 to 2020. All strains were identified to the species level (MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, 16S rRNA sequencing).

Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis of Root Canal Microbiota Associated with a Severe Endodontic-Periodontal Lesion.

A patient with an unusual endo-periodontal lesion, without coronal decay or damage, likely caused by a deep periodontal lesion with subsequent endodontic bacterial migration, required medical care. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to assess the endodontic microbiota in vestibular and palatal canals after tooth extraction, evidencing a predominant population (Fusobacterium nucleatum) in one endodontic canal, and a mixed bacterial population with six major populations almost equally distributed in the other endodontic canal (, ). These data could suggest different, separated ecologic niches in the same endodontic system, with potentially different pathogenicity levels, clinical manifestations and prognoses for every single canal of the same tooth.

Anti-bacterial and anti-viral effects of Fengreqing oral liquid () in vitro and in vivo.

Objective: To investigate the anti-bacterial and anti-viral effects of Fengreqing oral liquid (, FRQ) in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentrations of Fengreqing Oral Liquid against six gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Hemolytic streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae), seven gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Helicobacter pylori, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Gardnerella vaginalis) and Candida albicans were detected by the paper disc diffusion method. The inhibition rate of A/PuertoRico/8/34(H1N1) (PR8) influenza virus in different concentrations of Fengreqing oral solution was detected by chicken embryo method.

Clinical and microbiological features of anaerobic implant-related infection in 80 patients after orthopedic surgery.

Objectives: Implant-related infection is a common complication after orthopedic surgery, but there is limited research focused on anaerobic infections. We retrospectively analyzed data from 80 patients with anaerobic implant-related infections in order to investigate the clinical features, bacterial distribution and antimicrobial resistant characteristics of this disease.

Methods: 80 patients who underwent implant-related infections with anaerobes were included.

Structure and Function of Oral Microbial Community in Periodontitis Based on Integrated Data.

Objective: Microorganisms play a key role in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. Research studies have focused on seeking specific microorganisms for diagnosing and monitoring the outcome of periodontitis treatment. Large samples may help to discover novel potential biomarkers and capture the common characteristics among different periodontitis patients.

causing native hip joint septic arthritis.

is a bacterium normal to oral and gastrointestinal flora that has been implicated in cases of discitis, osteomyelitis, and prosthetic joint infections, often involving dental procedures or periodontal disease. It is an extremely rare cause of infection outside of these circumstances. We describe a case of septic arthritis of the native hip joint due to .

Comparative activities of sitafloxacin against recent clinical isolates in hospitals across China.

Sitafloxacin is one of the newer generation fluoroquinolones. Considering the ever-changing antimicrobial resistance, it is necessary to monitor the activities of sitafloxacin against recent pathogenic isolates. Therefore, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of sitafloxacin and comparators by broth microdilution or agar dilution method against 1101 clinical isolates collected from 2017 to 2019 in 31 hospitals across China.

Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility trends of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival microbiota of German periodontitis patients: A retrospective surveillance study.

Objective: This retrospective surveillance study aimed to follow periodontitis-associated bacterial profiles and to identify time-dependent changes in antibiotic susceptibility patterns.

Materials And Methods: From 2008 to 2015, bacterial specimen from deep periodontal pockets were collected from a total of 7804 German adults diagnosed with periodontitis. Presence of selected bacteria was confirmed by anaerobic culture and nucleic acid amplification.

Penile bacteria associated with HIV seroconversion, inflammation, and immune cells.

The foreskin is a site of heterosexual acquisition of HIV-1 among uncircumcised men. However, some men remain HIV-negative despite repeated, unprotected vaginal intercourse with HIV-positive partners, while others become infected after few exposures. The foreskin microbiome includes a diverse group of anaerobic bacteria that have been linked to HIV acquisition.

HPV infection and bacterial microbiota in the semen from healthy men.

Background: Aberrant microbiota composition has been linked to disease development at numerous anatomical sites. Microbiota changes in reaction to viral infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), have been investigated almost exclusively in the female reproductive tract. However, HPV infection may also affect male health by reducing semen quality and fertility.

-Induced Necrotizing Fasciitis Complicated by Multidrug-Resistant Infection: Efficacy of Chemical Necrectomy Using 40% Benzoic Acid.

Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening skin and soft tissue infection associated with high morbidity and mortality in adult patients. This infection can present as either type 1 infection caused by a mixed microflora (, , sp., and sp.

Multicentre study of the burden of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the aetiology of infected diabetic foot ulcers.

Background: Infected diabetic foot ulcer (IDFU) is a public health issue and the leading cause of non-traumatic limb amputation. Very few published data on IDFU exist in most West African countries.

Objective: The study investigated the aetiology and antibacterial drug resistance burden of IDFU in tertiary hospitals in Osun state, Nigeria, between July 2016 and April 2017.

Salivary Microbiota for Gastric Cancer Prediction: An Exploratory Study.

To characterize the salivary microbiota in patients at different progressive histological stages of gastric carcinogenesis and identify microbial markers for detecting gastric cancer, two hundred and ninety-three patients were grouped into superficial gastritis (SG; n = 101), atrophic gastritis (AG; n = 93), and gastric cancer (GC; n = 99) according to their histology. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to access the salivary microbiota profile. A random forest model was constructed to classify gastric histological types based on the salivary microbiota compositions.

Comparative analysis of the vaginal microbiome of Chinese women with Trichomonas vaginalis and mixed infection.

The high prevalence and serious long-term sequelae of Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infection worldwide is of a particular concern; however, data regarding the differences in the composition of the vaginal microbiome in cases of single TV infection or mixed infections (i.e., presence of TV and bacterial vaginosis) are scarce.

A Retrospective Chart Review of Inflamed Epidermal Inclusion Cysts.

Background: Epidermal inclusion cysts (EIC) are one of the most common forms of cysts found on and/or underneath the skin. Inflamed EICs typically show signs and symptoms such as pain and erythema, mimicking cutaneous abscess. However, prior studies have demonstrated at least 20% of lesions are culture negative.

Depiction of Vaginal Microbiota in Women With High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection.

Persistent infection with the carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prerequisite for the progression of cervical lesions and cancer. A growing body of research has focused on the functional role of the vaginal microbiota in the persistence of HPV infection. Understanding the microbial composition and structure in women with high-risk (hr)-HPV infection may help reveal associations between the vaginal microbiota and HPV infection, and identify potential biomarkers.

Analysis of the Salivary Microbiome in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients.

Background: Oral microbiota plays an important role in oral and systemic diseases, while few reports referred to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Thus, this study aimed to explore the different salivary microbiome in patients with OSAS and controls.

Materials And Methods: Saliva was collected from 15 OSAS patients and nine healthy controls, and bacterial genomic DNA was extracted for 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing based on the Illumina platform.

Immunological design of commensal communities to treat intestinal infection and inflammation.

The immunological impact of individual commensal species within the microbiota is poorly understood limiting the use of commensals to treat disease. Here, we systematically profile the immunological fingerprint of commensals from the major phyla in the human intestine (Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria) to reveal taxonomic patterns in immune activation and use this information to rationally design commensal communities to enhance antibacterial defenses and combat intestinal inflammation. We reveal that Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes have distinct effects on intestinal immunity by differentially inducing primary and secondary response genes.

Cervicovaginal bacterial communities in reproductive-aged Tanzanian women with Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, or without schistosome infection.

Schistosome infection is recognized as a potentially modifiable risk factor for HIV in women by the World Health Organization. Alterations in cervicovaginal bacteria have been associated with HIV acquisition and have not been studied in schistosome infection. We collected cervical swabs from Tanzanian women with and without S.

Late spinal infections following posterior spinal fusion in pediatric deformities: treatment using single-stage titanium implant exchange.

Purpose: Late infection following posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for deformity is a leading cause of revision. The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinical and radiographic outcomes following a single-stage debridement and exchange of spinal implants with titanium in adolescent patients with late-onset infections following PSF METHODS: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data of adolescent patients with spinal deformity, who were surgically treated with PSF was collected. Patients were included for the study if they developed late arising infection (> 1 year after index posterior fusion for the deformity) from 2006-2019.

A Clinic Trial Evaluating the Effects of Aloe Vera Fermentation Gel on Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis.

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common disorder in the oral mucosa that affects the daily quality of life of patients, and there is currently no specific treatment. In the present study, we developed aloe vera fermentation gel under the action of probiotics on aloe vera. In total, 35 patients with the history of aphthous stomatitis were enrolled to explore the potential benefits of aloe vera fermentation gel to treat RAS, and the healing-promotion effects were recorded and compared; microbial compositions in different groups were tested by high-throughput sequencing.

The Intestinal Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer.

The intestinal microbiota, composed of a large population of microorganisms, is often considered a "forgotten organ" in human health and diseases. Increasing evidence indicates that dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota is closely related to colorectal cancer (CRC). The roles for intestinal microorganisms that initiated and facilitated the CRC process are becoming increasingly clear.

Prediction of Chronic Periodontitis Severity Using Machine Learning Models Based On Salivary Bacterial Copy Number.

Periodontitis is a widespread chronic inflammatory disease caused by interactions between periodontal bacteria and homeostasis in the host. We aimed to investigate the performance and reliability of machine learning models in predicting the severity of chronic periodontitis. Mouthwash samples from 692 subjects (144 healthy controls and 548 generalized chronic periodontitis patients) were collected, the genomic DNA was isolated, and the copy numbers of nine pathogens were measured using multiplex qPCR.

Microbiome of the Middle Meatus in HIV.

Background: Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) leads to immune dysfunction with increased risk of developing varied infections including opportunistic infections. It may be that a change in the microbial community of HIV patients could be contributory to their development of rhinosinusitis. However, the normal sinonasal microbiome in HIV is yet to be thoroughly studied.