Safety and efficacy of S1P receptor modulators for the induction and maintenance phases in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that significantly affects quality of life. Conventional treatments have had limited success. this study evaluates the safety and efficacy of Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators (S1PrMs) as a potential treatment for IBD.

Correction: Real-World Evidence to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Vonoprazan in Gastrointestinal Disorders in the Pakistani Population.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48994.

Insulin Resistance and Coronary Artery Disease: Untangling the Web of Endocrine-Cardiac Connections.

The relationship between insulin resistance and coronary artery disease (CAD) is a crucial study area in understanding the complex connection between metabolic dysregulation and cardiovascular morbidity. This scholarly investigation examines the intricate relationship between insulin resistance, a key characteristic of metabolic syndrome, and CAD development. The goal is to understand the detailed molecular and physiological connections that underlie the dangerous connection between the endocrine and cardiac systems.

Efficacy and safety of itopride SR for upper gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with diabetic gastroparesis: real-world evidence from Pakistan.

Background: Gastroparesis is a serious condition that can be caused by diabetes, surgery or infection, or can be idiopathic. When there is no mechanical obstruction, gastroparesis is characterized by delayed stomach emptying. Itopride, a prokinetic drug, inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity in addition to antagonizing dopamine D2 receptors.

Real-World Evidence to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Vonoprazan in Gastrointestinal Disorders in the Pakistani Population.

Background And Aim: While proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy has proven to be effective in managing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a notable portion of patients who experience GERD symptoms may not respond to this treatment. Research suggests that roughly 30% of individuals with a presumed GERD diagnosis may continue to experience symptoms, whether partially or completely, even when receiving PPI therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases with a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB), vonoprazan, in terms of its effectiveness and safety in the Pakistani population.

Proteomic Analysis, Immuno-Specificity and Neutralization Efficacy of Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV), a Bivalent Anti-Viperid Antivenom Produced in Pakistan.

Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease prevalent in South Asia. In Pakistan, antivenoms are commonly imported from India despite the controversy over their effectiveness. To solve the problem, the locals have developed the Pakistani Viper Antivenom (PVAV), raised against Sochurek's Saw-scaled Viper () and Russell's Viper () of Pakistani origin.

Association Between Coronary Artery Disease and Plasma Omentin-1 Levels.

Introduction: Omentin-1 is secreted from visceral adipose tissue that contributes to chronic inflammatory diseases' pathogenesis, including cardiovascular events. In this case-control study, we will determine the association between plasma omentin and coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: This is a case-control study, conducted from June 2020 to April 2021 in the cardiology unit of a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.

Prevalence of Falls and Fractures in Alzheimer's Patients Compared to General Population.

Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD), found in the aging elderly population, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to worsening memory loss and cognitive impairment. Falls and fractures are common in the overall elderly population. Hence, the purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of falls and fractures in Alzheimer's patients compared to the general population.

The Role of Vitamin C as Adjuvant Therapy in COVID-19.

Background and objective The anti-inflammatory properties of vitamin C (VC) and the promising results it has shown in the treatment for common cold have prompted clinicians to use it as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to find out the role of VC as adjunctive therapy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methodology This study was conducted from March to July 2020 in the COVID-19 unit of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi.

Dermatological Manifestations of Parkinson's Disease: Clues for Diagnosis.

Background and objective Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. There are various manifestations of PD. Among them, motor dysfunction has been studied in many research studies; however, few studies are available related to the dermatological manifestations of PD.

A pan-specific antiserum produced by a novel immunization strategy shows a high spectrum of neutralization against neurotoxic snake venoms.

Snakebite envenomation is a neglected tropical disease of high mortality and morbidity largely due to insufficient supply of effective and affordable antivenoms. Snake antivenoms are mostly effective against the venoms used in their production. It is thus crucial that effective and affordable antivenom(s) with wide para-specificity, capable of neutralizing the venoms of a large number of snakes, be produced.

Acute coronary syndrome and use of biomass fuel among women in rural Pakistan: a case-control study.

Objectives: Three billion people use biomass fuel for cooking and heating globally. We assessed the association between acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and use of biomass fuel for cooking.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study among women living in defined areas that were served by two tertiary care hospitals.

Barriers Experienced by Medical Students in Conducting Research at Undergraduate Level.

Introduction Undergraduate medical research is very important not only for scientific learning but also for career progress. However, there are barriers, especially in developing countries, that restrict undergraduate research. This study aims to evaluate the barriers experienced by medical students in conducting research at undergraduate level.

Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Final-year Medical Students.

Introduction The overall environment of the medical school is often considered very stressful. It projects negative effects not only on the academic performances of medical students but also deteriorate their physical health and psychosocial wellbeing. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of depression, stress, and anxiety among final year medical students.

Design, Formulation and Evaluation of Sustained-release Tablet Formulations of Levosulpiride.

Objectives: Levosulpiride is a widely used gastroprokinetic agent in the treatment of various gastric disorders; however, its short half-life and increased dosage frequency leads to non-compliance and possible adverse effects. The prime objective of the current study was to develop a sustained-release formulation of Levosulpiride incorporating bioresorbable cellulose derivatives.

Materials And Methods: Sustained-release formulations of Levosulpiride were prepared through direct compression using various cellulose derivatives such as CMC sodium, HPC, and HPMC in different polymer-to-drug weight ratios as release-modifying polymers.

Venom proteome of Bungarus sindanus (Sind krait) from Pakistan and in vivo cross-neutralization of toxicity using an Indian polyvalent antivenom.

The proteome of the Pakistani B. sindanus venom was investigated with reverse-phase HPLC and nano-ESI-LCMS/MS analysis. At least 36 distinct proteins belonging to 8 toxin protein families were identified.