Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts for Zinc-Air Batteries Featuring Single Cobalt Atoms in a Nitrogen-Doped 3D-Interconnected Porous Graphene Framework.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with high activity and efficient atom utilization for oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) are imperative for rechargeable Zinc-air batteries (ZABs). However, it is still a prominent challenge to construct a noble-metal-free SAC with low cost but high efficiency. Herein, a novel nitrogen-doped graphene (NrGO) based SAC, immobilized with atomically dispersed single cobalt (Co) atoms (Co-NrGO-SAC), is reported for ORRs.

A Mitochondria-Related Signature in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Prognosis, Immune and Therapeutic Features.

Background: Distinctive heterogeneity characterizes diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), one of the most frequent types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Mitochondria have been demonstrated to be closely involved in tumorigenesis and progression, particularly in DLBCL.

Objective: The purposes of this study were to identify the prognostic mitochondria-related genes (MRGs) in DLBCL, and to develop a risk model based on MRGs and machine learning algorithms.

G-Quadruplex DNAzyme-Based Biocatalysis Combined with an Intelligent Electromagnetic-Actuated Microfluidic Chip for Tetracycline Detection.

In this study, we present an intelligent electromagnetic-actuated microfluidic chip integrated with a G-quadruplex DNAzyme-based biocatalysis platform for rapid and sensitive tetracycline (TC) detection. In this sensing system, TC significantly quenches fluorescent magnetic carbon dots (M-CDs) via the internal filtration effect and dynamic quenching (the excitation and emission wavelength at 350 and 440 nm, respectively). Then, the G-quadruplex on the M-CDs-Aptamer is exposed and bound with hemin to form hemin-G-quadruplex DNAzyme, catalyzing the conversion of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine to produce blue color.

Ganoderic Acid A Alleviates Severe Acute Pancreatitis by Modulating Gut Homeostasis and Inhibiting TLR4-NLRP3 Signaling.

Background Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) manifests as a critical state marked by acute abdominal symptoms, often associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction, exacerbating SAP retroactively. Ganoderic acid A (GAA) demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties in various inflammatory disorders. Nonetheless, its potential therapeutic impact on SAP and the underlying mechanisms remain unexplored.

Pressure Sensor Array Based on Four DNA-Nanoenzymes with Catalase-like Activity for Portable Multiple Detection of Foodborne Pathogens.

This study has developed a pressure sensor array based on four functionalized DNA-nanoenzymes with catalase-like activity for multiple detections of foodborne pathogens through a portable pressure manometer. Benefiting from functionalization of 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid and β-mercaptoethylamine, the diversity of nonspecific interactions between four DNA-nanoenzymes and each of the nine bacteria leads to differences in pressure response patterns by catalyzing HO to generate exclusive "fingerprints". As effective statistical tools for processing multivariate data, principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis are employed to identify nine foodborne pathogens by analyzing pressure response patterns.

Discovery of Triketone-Indazolones as Novel 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Inhibiting-Based Herbicides.

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) is a crucial herbicide target in current research, playing an important role in the comprehensive management of resistant weeds. However, the limited crop selectivity and less effectiveness against grass weeds of many existing HPPD inhibitors, limit their further application. To address these issues, a series of novel HPPD inhibitors with fused ring structures were designed and synthesized by introducing an electron-rich indazolone ring and combining it with the classical triketone pharmacophore structure.

Pumpkin Soluble Dietary Fiber instead of Insoluble One Ameliorates Hyperglycemia via the Gut Microbiota-Gut-Liver Axis in db/db Mice.

Pumpkin extract has been shown to alleviate hyperglycemic symptoms by improving glucose metabolism disorders. However, the specific active components responsible for its hypoglycemic effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, db/db mice underwent a 4-week dietary intervention with two pumpkin flours (PF1 and PF2), total dietary fiber (TDF), soluble dietary fiber (SDF), and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), with acarbose serving as a positive control.

Prediction of Potential Risk for Ten Azole and Benzimidazole Fungicides with the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonistic Activity to Aquatic Ecosystems.

Azole and benzimidazole fungicides are widely used agrochemicals to prevent and treat fungal growth and are frequently detected in aquatic environments. Here, we aimed to assess the aquatic ecological risks of ten currently used azole and benzimidazole fungicides, which with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonistic activity, and their transformation products (TPs). We obtained over 400 types of aerobic TPs for ten fungicides.

Effective One-for-All Phototheranostic Agent for Hypoxia-Tolerant NIR-II Fluorescent/PA Image-Guided Phototherapy.

Near-infrared (NIR)-triggered type-I photosensitizers are crucial to address the constraints of hypoxic tumor microenvironments in phototherapy; however, significant challenges remain. By selecting an electron-deficient unit, a matched energy gap in the upper-level state is instrumental in boosting the efficiency of intersystem crossing for the type-I electron transfer process. 2-Cyanothiazole, an electron acceptor, is covalently linked with N, N-diphenyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl)aniline to yield a multifunctional photosensitizer (TTNH) that exhibits intrinsic NIR absorbance and compatible T energy levels, facilitating both radiative and nonradiative transitions.

Solar Evaporator with Dual Gradient Heating Effect for Sustained and Efficient Desalination.

Solar desalination shows promise in tackling freshwater shortages, but challenges arise from the trade-off between water transportation and heat supply, affecting evaporators' efficiency and salt resistance. Additionally, intermittent nature of solar radiation significantly diminishes overall evaporative performance. This study presents dual-gradient heating solar evaporator for efficient desalination.

Enhancing Flexible Perovskite Photovoltaic Cells and Modules Through Light-Trapping and Light-Shifting Strategies.

Flexible perovskite photovoltaic devices are typically constructed on flexible polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrates, which exhibit near-ultraviolet absorption and high visible-light reflection, leading to significant optical losses. To address this issue, a reusable optical-management sticker tailored for flexible substrates has been proposed in this work. The sticker incorporates a light-shifting material that converts near-ultraviolet light into visible light, enabling photoelectric conversion of near-ultraviolet light.

An Injectable Multifunctional Nanosweeper Eliminates Cardiac Mitochondrial DNA to Reduce Inflammation.

Myocarditis, a leading cause of sudden cardiac death and heart transplantation, poses significant treatment challenges. The study of clinical samples from myocarditis patients reveals a correlation between the pathogenesis of myocarditis and cardiomyocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). During inflammation, the concentration of mtDNA in cardiomyocytes increases.

Active Locating Exciton- and Charge-Initialized Degradation in Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes.

For quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLED), electrical aging commonly introduces collective aging sources across all layers, making it difficult to isolate the impact of each layer on electroluminescence (EL) degradation. In this work, a layer-selective aging method using active photoexcitation is proposed, in which the photoexcitation wavelength is used to selectively target specific layers for exciton generation, and an electrical bias is applied to induce photocurrent and create charges. An iterative aging-sampling (A-S) procedure is used to link aging conditions to EL degradation.

Isolated Tin Enhanced CO Coverage-Regulation on SnCu Alloy for Selective CO Electroreduction to C Products.

Electricity-powered C─C coupling of CO represents an attractive strategy for producing valuable commodity chemicals with renewable energy, but it is still challenging to gain high C selectivity at high current density. Here, a SnCu single-atom alloy (SAA) is reported with isolated Sn atom embedded into the Cu lattice, as efficient ectrocatalyst for CO reduction. The as prepared SnCu-SAA catalyst shows a maximal C Faradaic efficiency of 79.

Gold nanorods coated with self-assembled silk fibroin for improving their biocompatibility and facilitating targeted photothermal-photodynamic cancer therapy.

Gold nanorods (AuNRs) have shown great potential as photothermal agents for cancer therapy. However, the biosafety of AuNRs ordinarily synthesized using a cationic ligand assistance procedure has always been a subject of controversy, which limits their application in tumor therapy. In this study, we propose a novel strategy to enhance the biocompatibility of AuNRs by constructing a biological coating derived from silk fibroin (SF) on their surface.

Molecular docking to investigate HLA-associated idiosyncratic drug reactions.

Idiosyncratic drug reactions (IDRs) pose severe threats to patient health. Unlike conventionally dose-dependent side effects, they are unpredictable and frequently manifest as life-threatening conditions, such as severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) and drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Some HLA alleles, such as , , and , are known risk factors for adverse reactions induced by multiple drugs.

Effect of Dendrobium Officinale on Radioactive Oral Mucositis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Changes of Oral Microecology.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Dendrobium officinale in the treatment of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, and to explore its regulating effect on immune function and oral microbiota by comparing immune-related factors and oral microbiota before and after the intervention.

Methods: We conducted a randomized double-blinded controlled trial in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital. Sixty patients with nasopharyngeal cancer combined with radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis were randomly divided into a study group and control group, with 30 cases in each group The study group used compound vitamin B12 solution and Dendrobium tea drink, and the control group simply used compound vitamin B12 solution rinse.

The social support, healthy lifestyle, subjective well-being, and health-related quality of life among university students.

Background: The health-related quality of life and subjective well-being of young people need to be confirmed at the population level by identifying protective factors such as social support and their current healthy lifestyle. This study aims to examine a healthy lifestyle as a mediator of the associations between perceived social support to subjective well-being and health-related quality of life and also to analyze the associations between all these variables.

Methods And Materials: This study was conducted by cross-sectional survey of university students (N = 348) derived from ten cities/municipalities in East Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Environment and management jointly shape the spatial patterns of plant species diversity of moist grasslands in the mountains of northeastern Yunnan.

Grasslands account for about a quarter of the Earth's land area and are one of the major terrestrial ecosystems, with significant ecological and economic values. The influence of environmental factors and management types on grassland biodiversity has garnered considerable attention. This study investigated how patterns of species richness are influenced by geographical distance, environmental gradients, and management type in the moist mountain grasslands of northeastern Yunnan, China.

Transcription factor ABF3 modulates salinity stress-enhanced jasmonate signaling in .

Salinity is a severe abiotic stress that affects plant growth and yield. Salinity stress activates jasmonate (JA) signaling in , but the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we confirmed the activation of JA signaling under saline conditions and demonstrated the importance of the CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1)-mediated JA signaling for this process.

Maintenance of andromonoecy in an autogamous species: Superior male function in male flowers of the endangered .

Andromonoecy is a rare sexual system in plants. The function of additional male flowers in andromonoecious species has been widely discussed; however, few studies have taken offspring fitness into account. In addition, little is known about the mechanisms that maintain andromonoecy in autogamous species.

Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus are more sensitive to environmental factors in dicots than in monocots, globally.

Leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels provide critical strategies for plant adaptions to changing environments. However, it is unclear whether leaf N and P levels of different plant functional groups (e.g.

Skmer approach improves species discrimination in taxonomically problematic genus (Theaceae).

Genome skimming has dramatically extended DNA barcoding from short DNA fragments to next generation barcodes in plants. However, conserved DNA barcoding markers, including complete plastid genome and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) sequences, are inadequate for accurate species identification. Skmer, a recently proposed approach that estimates genetic distances among species based on unassembled genome skims, has been proposed to effectively improve species discrimination rate.

Geographic patterns and climatic drivers of the mean genus age of liverworts in North America.

Phylogenetic niche conservatism posits that species tend to retain ancestral ecological traits and distributions, which has been broadly tested for lineages originating in tropical climates but has been rarely tested for lineages that originated and diversified in temperate climates. Liverworts are thought to originate in temperate climates. Mean lineage age reflects evolutionary history of biological communities.