Application of a new type of double-lumen endotracheal tube in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: study protocol for a non-inferiority randomised controlled trial (NISA).

Background: Non-invasive ventilation combined with pulmonary surfactant (PS) therapy is recognised as a method for treating neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Among the administration, methods of PS, INtubation-SURfactant-Extubation (InSurE) and less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) have been widely discussed.LISA technique prevents patients from exposure to invasive positive pressure ventilation (PPV), thus improving the long-term outcomes of the respiratory system, but it faces challenges in resource-limited areas due to complexity and cost.

Preliminary discrimination and evaluation of clinical application value of ChatGPT4o in bone tumors.

•Evaluation of making up ChatGPT4o in the preliminary pathological diagnosis of bone tumors.•ChatGPT-4o's proficiency in analyzing pathological images and providing initial diagnoses of bone tumor characteristics is comparable to that of senior pathologists in the Tertiary hospital doctors group, with both surpassing the Remote grassroots doctors group.•AI, like ChatGPT-4o, has the potential to enhance diagnostic capabilities for remote grassroots doctors and improve sensitivity to reduce missed diagnosis rates among tertiary hospital doctors in identifying bone tumors.

Cup-like nuclei in adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the translocation (4;11)(q21;q23).

Cuplike Nuclei(CLN) cells, particularly rare in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia(ALL), have been documented in only few cases to date. A recent study has revealed a correlation between CLN and IKZF1 deletions in pediatric B-ALL. This study introduces a case of CLN in adult B-ALL with a translocation (4;11)(q21;q23), while discussing the current relevant literature on the subject.

Febuxostat provides renoprotection in patients with hyperuricemia or gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: It is unknown whether febuxostat can delay the progression of kidney dysfunction and reduce kidney endpoint events. The aim was to evaluate the renoprotective effect of febuxostat in patients with hyperuricemia or gout by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: MEDLINE, Web of science, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.

[Clinical characteristics of children with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in Yunnan].

To investigate the clinical characteristics of 130 children with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in Yunnan province after the relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions, and analyze the risk factors for mortality. This study is a retrospective case summary that analyzed the demographic data, underlying diseases, clinical diagnoses, disease outcomes, and laboratory results of 130 children with severe COVID-19 infections admitted to nine top-tier hospitals in Yunnan Province from December 2022 to March 2023. According to the prognosis, the patients were divided into survival group and death group.

An interpretable machine learning model based on contrast-enhanced CT parameters for predicting treatment response to conventional transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the potential of pre-therapy computed tomography (CT) parameters in predicting the treatment response to initial conventional TACE (cTACE) in intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and develop an interpretable machine learning model.

Methods: This retrospective study included 367 patients with intermediate-stage HCC who received cTACE as first-line therapy from three centers. We measured the mean attenuation values of target lesions on multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT and further calculated three CT parameters, including arterial (AER), portal venous (PER), and arterial portal venous (APR) enhancement ratios.

Association between the modified lung immune predictive index and clinical outcomes of advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy.

Background: As revealed by previous studies, the modified lung immune predictive index (mLIPI) can predict outcomes in patients with lung cancer receiving single-agent immunotherapy. However, the application value of the mLIPI for patients treated with combination immunotherapy requires further investigation. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between the mLIPI and the efficacy of treatment together with the prognosis of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with platinum-based chemotherapy.

Case report: A novel case of COVID-19 triggered tumefactive demyelinating lesions in one multiple sclerosis patient.

The epidemic of COVID-19 is mainly manifested by respiratory symptoms caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Recently, reports of central nervous system diseases caused or aggravated by SARS-CoV-2 infection are also increasing. Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic poses an unprecedented challenge to the diagnosis and management of neurological disorders, especially to those diseases which have overlapping clinical and radiologic features with each other.

Triglyceride-lowering therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular events, stroke, and mortality in patients with diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background And Aims: Triglyceride (TG)-lowering therapy is efficient for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population; however, for diabetic individuals, it is more controversial. The purpose of this study was to pool the results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to clarify whether the lowering of TG is beneficial for the prevention of CVD events, stroke, and mortality in subjects with diabetes.

Methods: MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.

A novel report of Cys1298Gly mutation in exon 24 of NOTCH3 gene in a Chinese family with CADASIL.

Objectives: Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common monogenic hereditary small cerebral vessel disease, which is caused by mutation of the neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 gene (NOTCH3). The exon 24 encodes EGF-like repeats, variants on this exon are rare. Here, we report a novel heterozygous variant c.

The Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in the Elderly: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Given the reduced immune response to vaccines in older populations, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccinations and its impact on breakthrough infection, hospital admission, and mortality in the elderly.

Methods: We carried out a systemic review and meta-analysis where MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials were queried to identify relevant literature.

Convolutional neural network based anatomical site identification for laryngoscopy quality control: A multicenter study.

Objectives: Video laryngoscopy is an important diagnostic tool for head and neck cancers. The artificial intelligence (AI) system has been shown to monitor blind spots during esophagogastroduodenoscopy. This study aimed to test the performance of AI-driven intelligent laryngoscopy monitoring assistant (ILMA) for landmark anatomical sites identification on laryngoscopic images and videos based on a convolutional neural network (CNN).

Screening of osteoporosis and sarcopenia in individuals aged 50 years and older at different altitudes in Yunnan province: Protocol of a longitudinal cohort study.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal system gradually degenerates with aging, and a hypoxia environment at a high altitude may accelerate this process. However, the comprehensive effects of high-altitude environments on bones and muscles remain unclear. This study aims to compare the differences in bones and muscles at different altitudes, and to explore the mechanism and influencing factors of the high-altitude environment on the skeletal muscle system.

Laryngoscopic characteristics related to the risk of cancerization of vocal cord leukoplakia.

Background: The diagnosis of vocal cord leukoplakia mainly relies on laryngoscopy. The morphology of vocal cord leukoplakia under laryngoscope is closely related to the pathological nature of leukoplakia. The specific manifestations associated with high-risk vocal cord leukoplakia remain to be explored.

CT-guided microcoil localization for pulmonary nodules in the scapula-shadowed area before Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of CT-guided microcoil localization for pulmonary nodules in the scapula-shadowed area before video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS).

Materials And Methods: Forty-seven patients (18 males, 19 females; mean age 57.5 years) with 48 pulmonary nodules covered by the scapulae were consecutively enrolled in this study.

Study on CCDC69 interfering with the prognosis of patients with breast cancer through PPAR signal pathway.

Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 69 (CCDC69) is a novel gene and limited knowledge in known in breast cancer. In the present study, we aimed to explore the relationship between CCDC69 and breast cancer, demonstrate the clinicopathological significance and prognostic role of CCDC69 in breast cancer, and analyze the possible mechanism of CCDC69 affecting the prognosis of breast cancer. First, from GEO database, TIMER, GEPIA, and OncoLnc, we select CCDC69 as the potential gene which closely involved in breast cancer progression.

The utility of simultaneous CT-guided localization for multiple pulmonary nodules using microcoil before video-assisted thoracic surgery.

Background: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of microcoil in simultaneous localization for multiple pulmonary nodules before video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS).

Methods: Twenty-eight consecutive patients (26 two-nodule, 2 three-nodule; 58 nodules in total; Group A) underwent simultaneous CT-guided localization of multiple pulmonary nodules before VATS using microcoil. Successful targeting, localization, and VATS were defined as implantation of microcoil at the target site on CT image which was obtained immediately after the marking procedure, visualization of nodule location, and complete resection of the target nodule with adequate margin, respectively.

Association of smoking behavior among Chinese expectant fathers and smoking abstinence after their partner becomes pregnant: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) during pregnancy can cause pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. About 40% of Chinese expectant fathers are smokers and they rarely attempt to quit smoking. There is a paucity of effective smoking cessation services targeting this population.

CT-guided microcoil localization for pulmonary nodules before VATS: a retrospective evaluation of risk factors for pleural marking failure.

Objectives: To summarize the experiences of CT-guided microcoil localization before video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and to investigate the risk factors associated with pleural marking failure.

Methods: Totally, 249 consecutive patients with 279 pulmonary nodules who underwent CT-guided microcoil localization prior to VATS were enrolled in this study. According to intraoperative observation, all the nodules were divided into two groups.

Retracted Article: Exosome-derived PTENP1 suppresses cisplatin resistance of bladder cancer (BC) by suppressing cell proliferation, migration and inducing apoptosis the miR-103a/PDCD4 axis.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a lethal cancer that threatens the health of millions of people. Chemotherapy drug resistance, for example, cisplatin (DDP) resistance, is a huge limitation for BC therapy. PTEN pseudogene-1 (PTENP1) has been identified as a significant biomarker of multiple cancers.

Detection and clinical significance of DNA repair gene ERCC8 tag SNPs in gastric cancer.

Background/aims: Excision repair cross-complementing group 8 (ERCC8) is one of the members of the nucleotide excision repair pathway. This study aimed to explore the association between ERCC8 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gastric cancer.

Materials And Methods: Totally, 120 patients with gastric cancer treated from March 2010 to March 2011 were selected as the observation group and 120 healthy individuals were selected as the control group during the same period.