Current status and prospects of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in China.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a highly effective and unique medical procedure for the treatment of most hematological malignancies. The first allogeneic transplantation was performed by E. Donnall Thomas in 1957.

Decoding lymphomyeloid divergence and immune hyporesponsiveness in G-CSF-primed human bone marrow by single-cell RNA-seq.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been widely used to mobilize bone marrow hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells for transplantation in the treatment of hematological malignancies for decades. Additionally, G-CSF is also accepted as an essential mediator in immune regulation, leading to reduced graft-versus-host disease following transplantation. Despite the important clinical roles of G-CSF, a comprehensive, unbiased, and high-resolution survey into the cellular and molecular ecosystem of the human G-CSF-primed bone marrow (G-BM) is lacking so far.

[Comparison of the characteristics of NK cells after two different methods of expansion and observation of the clinical efficacy in patients who relapsed post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

To explore the differences in the biological effects of different expansion systems on natural killer (NK) cells, as well as the safety and preliminary clinical efficacy in the treatment of patients with recurrence after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) . Peripheral blood cells from healthy donors were stimulated with either CD3 combined with CD52 or K562 feeder cells loaded with IL-21/4-1BB to induce NK cell expansion. Changes in the NK cell phenotype, cytokine secretion, and cytotoxicity before and after expansion were detected.

PRDM1 Drives Human Primary T Cell Hyporesponsiveness by Altering the T Cell Transcriptome and Epigenome.

T cell hyporesponsiveness is crucial for the functional immune system and prevents the damage induced by alloreactive T cells in autoimmune pathology and transplantation. Here, we found low expression of in T cells from donor and recipients both related to the occurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Our systematic multiomics analysis found that the transcription factor PRDM1 acts as a master regulator during inducing human primary T cell hyporesponsiveness.

[A single-center retrospective analysis of 100 consecutive cases treated with lenalidomide/bortezomib/dexamethasone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma].

To investigate the efficacy and safety of lenalidomide combined with bortezomib and dexamethasone (RVD) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). A total of 100 consecutive NDMM patients treated with RVD from August 2016 to September 2020 at Peking University People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, including response, drug toxicity, follow-up and survival, and subgroup analysis. The median follow-up time was 19.

[A retrospective comparative study of haplotype hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of acute B-lymphocyte leukemia].

To investigate whether haplotype hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) is effective in the treatment of pre transplant minimal residual disease (Pre-MRD) positive acute B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) compared with HLA- matched sibling donor transplantation (MSDT) . A total of 998 patients with B-ALL in complete remission pre-HSCT who either received haplo-HSCT (=788) or underwent MSDT (=210) were retrospectively analyzed. The pre-transplantation leukemia burden was evaluated according to Pre-MRD determinedusing multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) .

'Not at target': prevalence and consequences of inadequate disease control in systemic lupus erythematosus-a multinational observational cohort study.

Background: The unmet need in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with the current standard of care is widely recognised, but few studies have quantified this. The recent definition of treat-to-target endpoints and other thresholds of uncontrolled disease activity provide an opportunity to formally define unmet need in SLE. In this study, we enumerated the prevalence of these states and examined their association with adverse outcomes.

Cellular Immunotherapies for Multiple Myeloma: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Directions.

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable due to relapse, although the use of proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, CD38-targeting antibodies, and autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT) significantly improve the clinical outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed MM. In recent years, the introduction of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy has brought hope to patients with refractory and relapsed MM. The graft-versus-myeloma effect of allogeneic SCT provides the possibility for curing a subset of MM patients.

[Negative effects of donor specific anti-HLA antibody on poor hematopoietic recovery in patients with hematological diseases receiving haploidentical stem cell transplantation and rituximab for desensitization].

To investigate the incidences and risk factors of poor hematopoietic reconstitution (PHR) in patients with hematological diseases who underwent haploidentical allograft and were treated with rituximab for desensitization. Eight-three donor specific anti-HLA antibody (DSA, 2000 ≤MFI<10 000) positive patients who underwent haploidentical allograft were prospectively enrolled. Rituximab (375 mg/m) was used for desensitization day-3 of conditioning regimen.

[Comparison of EB virus infection between short term and long term use of mycophenolate mofetil for prophylaxis of graft versus host disease after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

To investigate the role of short-term use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in EB viral infection and acute graft-versus host disease (GVHD) in patients receiving haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) . Adult patients (≥14 years) who were diagnosed with hematological malignancies received haplo-HSCT in Peking University Institute of Hematology from May 2016 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The median age was 30 (14-60) years old.

[The effect of donor cytomegalovirus serological status on the outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation].

Donor cytomegalovirus (CMV) serological negative status may have an adverse effect on the outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), while there is inadequate data for Chinese people. This study is to explore the impact of donor CMV serological status on the outcome of CMV seropositive patients receiving allo-HSCT. Our study retrospectively analyzed 16 CMV seropositive patients with hematological malignancies receiving allogeneic grafts from CMV seronegative donors (antibody IgG negative) at Peking University People's Hospital from March 2013 to March 2020, which was defined as D/R group.

[Comparison of prognostic significance between multiparameter flow cytometry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in the detection of minimal residual disease of Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute B lymphocytic leukemia before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

To explore the different values of minimal residual disease (MRD) detection by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for predicting relapse, leukemia-free survival (LFS) , and overall survival (OS) in Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL (Ph(+) ALL) . A retrospective study (=280) was performed. MRD was determined using multiparameter flow cytometry and RQ-PCR.

A risk score system for stratifying the risk of relapse in B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia patients after allogenic stem cell transplantation.

Background: For patients with B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT), many variables have been demonstrated to be associated with leukemia relapse. In this study, we attempted to establish a risk score system to predict transplant outcomes more precisely in patients with B-ALL after allo-SCT.

Methods: A total of 477 patients with B-ALL who underwent allo-SCT at Peking University People's Hospital from December 2010 to December 2015 were enrolled in this retrospective study.

[The Impact of Induction Treatment Response on the Prognosis of Pediatric Core Binding Factor-Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients].

Objective: To explore the impact of induction treatment response on the prognosis of pediatric core binding factor-acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML).

Methods: The result of induce reaction and survival data of 157 pediatric CBF-AML patients in our hospital from September 2008 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed．The survival rate of the patients with different degrees of morphological remission after induction chemotherapy was comparative analyzed.

Results: Among the 157 children with CBF-AML, 113 (72.

Dynamic immune profiling identifies the stronger graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effects with haploidentical allografts compared to HLA-matched stem cell transplantation.

Haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT) achieves superior or at least comparable clinical outcomes to HLA-matched sibling donor transplantation (MSDT) in treating hematological malignancies. To define the underlying regulatory dynamics, we analyzed time courses of leukemia burden and immune abundance of haplo-SCT or MSDT from multiple dimension. First, we employed two nonirradiated leukemia mouse models which carried human AML-ETO or MLL-AF9 fusion gene to establish haplo-identical and major histocompatibility (MHC)-matched transplantation models and investigated the immune cell dynamic response during leukemia development in vivo.

Measurable residual disease of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in allograft settings: how to evaluate and intervene.

Introduction: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains a curable strategy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), especially for adult cases. However, leukemia relapse after allograft restricts the improvement of transplant outcomes. Measurable residual disease (MRD) has been the strongest predictor for relapse after allo-HSCT, allowing MRD-directed preemptive therapy.

Rituximab for desensitization during HLA-mismatched stem cell transplantation in patients with a positive donor-specific anti-HLA antibody.

To define the efficacy of a single dose of 375 mg/m rituximab for DSA-positive patients with 2000 ≤ MFI < 10,000, we enrolled a prospective clinical cohort including patients with positive DSA treated with rituximab (n = 55, cohort A), a matched-pair cohort including cases with negative DSA (n = 110, cohort B) and a historical cohort including subjects with 2000 ≤ MFI < 10,000 without receiving any treatment for DSA (n = 22, cohort C). The incidences of primary poor graft function (PGF) in cohort A and cohort B were 5% and 1% (P = 0.076), respectively, both of which were lower than that in cohort C (27%, P < 0.