Genetic variants and type 2 diabetes in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis of associated polymorphisms in case-control studies.

Background: India, with the largest population and second-highest type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence, presents a unique genetic landscape. This study explores the genetic profiling of T2DM, aiming to bridge gaps in existing research and provide insights for further explorations.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature published up to September 2024 using databases like PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify SNPs associated with T2DM in case-control studies within the Indian population.

Colours of India: Uniting Endocrinologists in Fitness and Friendship.

Colours of India is an annual cultural phenomenon that transcends the boundaries of professional conferences, uniting endocrinologists through the universal language of music and dance. Since its inception in 2016, this vibrant event has brought together teams from across India and other participating countries, showcasing diverse dance forms while fostering friendships, promoting wellness, and celebrating cultural diversity within the medical community.

A Comparative Evaluation of Point-of-Care and Laboratory HbA1c Testing in Diabetes Care: An Indian Perspective.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of a point-of-care (POC) glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) device in the Indian population against the standard laboratory (high-performance liquid chromatography {HPLC}) method for the effective management of diabetes in India.

Methods: This study on the diagnostic accuracy of a POC HbA1c device involved 121 participants. These participants were categorized into two groups according to their HbA1c levels - one group with HbA1c values below 6.

A Literature Review of the Integration of Ancient Indian Mythology in Clinical Medicine: A Holistic Approach to Health and Healing.

The fusion of mythology and ancient Indian medicine, particularly Ayurveda, is a fascinating synthesis of cultural heritage and scientific endeavor. Ayurveda encompasses a wide range of practices, including pharmacology, anatomy, physiology, surgery, and obstetrics, and integrates the rich tapestry of Hindu mythology, providing a comprehensive understanding of health and disease. The inclusion of mythological figures and narratives in the discourse of ancient Indian medicine offers a unique perspective on the integration of spiritual and empirical knowledge, highlighting the role of mythology in shaping the foundational principles of clinical medicine.

Assessing the Radiological and Functional Outcomes of Colles' Cast Versus Functional Position Cast Immobilization in the Conservative Treatment of Distal End of Radius Fractures.

Introduction: The distal end radius fracture represents a prevalent orthopedic condition that affects individuals across various age groups, commonly resulting from falls onto outstretched hands. Ongoing research endeavors have delved into diverse methodologies for addressing this condition, encompassing conservative and operative modalities, yielding variable outcomes. While the literature extensively delineates numerous mobilization approaches, such as the functional position cast and Colle's cast, scant comparative studies evaluate these immobilization forms.

Air Nozzle Injury: Barotrauma Resulted From an Industrial Accident.

Industrial accidents involving compressed air can lead to significant colonic injuries, ranging from minor tears to complete perforations. This study investigates a case of colonic barotrauma in a 40-year-old male oil refinery worker who suffered symptoms of lower abdominal discomfort, distension, and tenderness following the application of compressed air to his anus. Diagnostic tests, including blood count, abdominal X-ray, and ultrasonography, indicated fecal impaction, dilated bowel loops, and free gas under the diaphragm.

Effect of Meditation, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, and Relaxation Techniques as Mind-Body Medicine Practices to Reduce Blood Pressure in Cardiac Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Elevated blood pressure is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Available evidence on mind-body medicine (MBM) techniques on blood pressure is inconclusive and provides conflicting results. The objective of the current systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the effect of MBM techniques on blood pressure in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Chronomedicine Insights: Evaluating the Impact of Time-Restricted Meal Intake on Lipid Profile Parameters Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes in Northern India.

Introduction: Time-restricted meal intake (TRM) has shown potential benefits such as enhanced insulin sensitivity, lowered blood sugar levels, and possible weight loss in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our study aimed to investigate the impact of TRM on lipid profile parameters such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in fasting conditions in T2DM patients.

Methods: In total, 400 patients from the endocrinology department at King George's Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow were enrolled in this study, adhering to the guidelines of the American Diabetes Association (ADA).

Correlation between acne and insulin resistance; experience from central India.

Introduction: Acne is a common dermatological condition primarily seen in teenage and adolescent patients and is a major concern for cosmological issues. Along with environmental factors, the proliferation of basal keratinocytes in the sebaceous-pilosebaceous unit, abnormal desquamation of follicular corneocytes, and metabolic abnormalities play a significant role in the pathogenesis of acne development.

Aim: To study the causal relation between acne vulgaris and insulin resistance by calculating Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and identify the relation between insulin resistance and the severity of acne.

The Impact of Time-Restricted Meal Intake on Glycemic Control and Weight Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: An 18-Month Longitudinal Study.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the impact of time-restricted meal intake (TRM) on anthropometric and biochemical parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A total of 400 patients diagnosed with T2DM were selected from the Endocrinology Department at King George's Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, based on the American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines and specific criteria. A total of 127 patients were lost to follow-up, resulting in 273 patients who completed the study.

Diagnostic utility of intraoperative squash smear cytology of Intra-cranial lesions in a resource limited setup of central India.

Introduction: Intraoperative squash smear cytology is a useful diagnostic tool in case of CNS lesions. In resource poor countries where frozen section is unavailable, cytology is the mainstay method in giving a rapid intraoperative diagnosis which helps Surgeons regarding the extent of excision. The current study aims to assess the feasibility and accuracy of intraoperative squash cytology in evaluation of CNS tumors.

Sociocrinology: Impact of Social Media on Endocrine Health - A Review.

Social media (SM) refers to social networking sites (SNSs), which are defined as online services that enable individuals to build a public or semi-public profile and give them the opportunity to create a network of contacts and interact. SM affects all aspects of life and may offer new opportunities to explore new experiences and perspectives of life because of its feasibility. But several times, because of feasibility, misinformation is generated intentionally or unintentionally, which spreads rapidly, and such misinformation can affect all aspects of life.

The Association Between Body Mass Index and Parental History of Hypertension Among Young Indian Adults.

Background: Hypertension is a disease of multifactorial etiology. Individuals with parental history of hypertension (PHH) have also been observed to be at an increased risk of developing hypertension in their adult life. However, there is a dearth of studies among youth.

Post Surgical Non-tuberculous Mycobacterium: A Case Series.

Background There has been an increase in non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection reports in humans. Surgeons are concerned about the link between them and surgical site infections. As a result, it has been challenging to determine just how common this illness is.

Simulation-based structured training for developing laparoscopy skills in general surgery and obstetrics & gynecology postgraduates.

Background: Simulation-based training is an important strategy for skill development in a competency-based curriculum, especially so for laparoscopic surgery given its unique learning curve, need for practice, and patient safety concerns. The study was conducted for postgraduates in two surgical disciplines in a medical college tertiary care center. The study evaluates the acceptability and utility of structured simulation-based training for laparoscopic skills.

Efficacy, safety, and lot-to-lot immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBV152): interim results of a randomised, double-blind, controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: We report the clinical efficacy against COVID-19 infection of BBV152, a whole virion inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine formulated with a toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist molecule adsorbed to alum (Algel-IMDG) in Indian adults.

Methods: We did a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase 3 clinical trial in 25 Indian hospitals or medical clinics to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and immunological lot consistency of BBV152. Adults (age ≥18 years) who were healthy or had stable chronic medical conditions (not an immunocompromising condition or requiring treatment with immunosuppressive therapy) were randomised 1:1 with a computer-generated randomisation scheme (stratified for the presence or absence of chronic conditions) to receive two intramuscular doses of vaccine or placebo administered 4 weeks apart.

COVID19 associated mucormycosis: Is GRP78 a possible link?

This review aimed to study molecular mechanisms for high incidence of life-threatening mucormycosis infection in COVID19 cases during second wave of SARS CoV2 pandemic in India. Hyperglycaemia, impaired immunity, acidosis, raised ferritin, glucocorticoid therapy, and COVID19 specific other factors have been implicated in pathogenesis of COVID19 associated mucormycosis (CAMM). Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone 'Glucose Related Protein 78' (GRP78), also involved in SARS CoV2 entry, is the host receptor for invasion by Mucorales.

Pain Relief in Late Preterm Neonates: A Comparative Study of Kangaroo Mother Care, Oral Dextrose 50%, and Supine Nesting Position.

Objective: The objectrve is to compare the analgesic effect of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC), oral dextrose 50% (D50) and supine nesting position in late preterm neonates (34 week to <37 week Gestation Age) while doing heel prick for blood glucose monitoring.

Materials And Methods: Babies were randomized into three groups; KMC, D50 and supine nesting. Premature infant pain profile (PIPP) score was used to measure pain severity following heel prick.

Simulated Patients for Competency-Based Undergraduate Medical Education Post COVID-19: A New Normal in India.

The conventional medical curriculum in India needed more focus on explicit teaching and assessment of interpersonal and communication skills, professionalism, team-work and reflection for prevention and better management of increasing incidences of violence against doctors by building good doctor-patient relationships. Increasing number of seats in Indian medical colleges, decreasing hospital stay of patients, and decrease in faculty requirements will hamper adequate supervised authentic clinical experiences of undergraduates for developing clinical skills. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant decrease in student-patient encounters.

Rare case of bilateral petrous apex cephalocele.

The petrous apex is a pyramidal-shaped structure which is difficult to examine due to difficult anatomical location. Lesions in the petrous apex can be managed surgically or they can be incidental lesions, which are managed conservatively. Petrous apex cephaloceles (PAC) are the cystic lesion due to herniation in the Meckel's cave of temporal bone.

Medical certification of cause of death during COVID-19 pandemic - a challenging scenario.

Death certificate data is used to monitor local, regional and national mortality trend and is helpful in improving public health as well as public safety. Accurate and reliable information about the cause of death in a population is useful for understanding disease burden estimation and trends in the health of populations; moreover, the information provided by such data is vital in terms of public health planning as well. With the continuous upsurge in mortality due to coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), mortality analysis could be valuable in addressing the current pandemic and implementing the epidemic control strategies effectively and efficiently.

Public Health Threat Assessment of Vehicular Load Index-Induced Urban Air Pollution Indices Near Traffic Intersections In Central India.

Objectives: To assess traffic vehicular load, levels of various air pollutants, their correlation at selected traffic intersections of Bhopal city and to suggest suitable public health measures.

Methods: A transverse study was conducted by convenience sampling with equated distribution among vehicular load-based large (Group1:G1: 10 TI), medium (Group2:G2: 5 TI), and small (Group3:G3: 5 TI) traffic-intersections (TI) through a systematic stratified random selection of study sites to assess traffic vehicle load index (VLI).

Results: VLI,G1 (cumulative mean: 16.