How does ASRM produce clinical guidelines?

ASRM develops evidence-based practice guidelines through a rigorous process of identifying clinically significant questions, conducting systematic literature reviews, and evaluating evidence quality. The evidence-based recommendations in ASRM practice guidelines provide reproductive healthcare professionals with standardized, scientifically grounded recommendations to enhance patient care.

Anatomical and functional changes after internal limiting membrane peeling.

Internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling has been an acceptable step in vitrectomy surgeries for various retinal diseases such as macular hole, chronic macular edema following epiretinal membrane (ERM), and vitreoretinal traction. Despite all the benefits, this procedure has some side effects, which may lead to structural damage and functional vision loss. Light and dye toxicity may induce reversible and irreversible retina damage, which will be observed in postoperative optical coherence tomography scans.

Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound Stimulation in Stroke: A Phase I Safety & Feasibility Trial.

Objective: We aim to determine the maximum safe spatial-peak pulse-average intensity (I) of low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation (LIFUS) in stroke patients and explore its effect on motor learning and corticospinal excitability.

Methods: We adopted the classic 3+3 design to escalate I (estimated in-vivo transcranial value) from 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, to 8 W/cm. Stopping rules were pre-defined: 2-degree scalp burn, clinical seizure, new lesion on diffusion-weighted imaging or major reduction in apparent diffusion coefficient, and participant discontinuation due to any reason.

Late-Onset Sepsis Among Extremely Preterm Infants During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives: To compare incidence of late-onset sepsis (LOS) among extremely preterm infants before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Multicenter cohort study of infants with birthweight 401 to 1000 g or gestational age 22 to 28 weeks. LOS was defined as a bacterial or fungal pathogen isolated from blood or cerebrospinal fluid culture obtained after 72 hours of age.

Effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on hormones regulating appetite in healthy individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting on appetite-regulating hormones including leptin, ghrelin, insulin, gastrin, glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY, and cholecystokinin.

Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant research on appetite-regulating hormones during Ramadan intermittent fasting, published until the end of March 2024.

Results: Data from 16 eligible studies comprising 664 participants (341, 51.

Is Intracranial Pressure Monitoring After Open Cranial Procedures Associated With Outcome?

Introduction: It is unclear if intracranial pressure monitoring (ICPM) after open cranial procedures (craniotomy or craniectomy) (OC) for traumatic brain injury is associated with mortality. We hypothesized that ICPM placed early after OC was associated with lower mortality compared to no ICPM or delayed ICPM placement.

Methods: Using 2020-2021 data from the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program, patients ≥16 y from level 1 and 2 trauma centers who underwent OC were divided into two groups: ICPM placed within 72 h of OC (early) and no ICPM or ICPM placed after 72 h (none/delayed).

Small and Versatile Cyclotides as Anti-infective Agents.

Plants provide an abundant source of potential therapeutic agents, including a diverse array of compounds, such as cyclotides, which are peptides known for their antimicrobial activity. Cyclotides are multifaceted molecules with a wide range of biological activities. Their unique topology forms a head-to-tail cyclic structure reinforced by a cysteine knot, which confers chemical and thermal stability.

Is Area-Level Social Vulnerability Index Associated With Patient-Level Health-Related Social Needs in Hand Surgery?

Background: Social drivers of health (SDOH) are area-level, nonmedical factors that affect health outcomes. By contrast, health-related social needs (HRSNs) are individual patient reported and are being deployed in some payment models. SDOH are often used to broadly represent health disparities of communities through metrics, such as the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI); however, the association of area-level SVI to individual HRSNs has not been well studied in hand surgery, which has implications for addressing social risks to improve health and in quality measurement.

Pediatric relapsed/refractory ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma treatment and outcomes in the targeted drug era.

Treatment options for patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) have increased in the era of targeted therapies such as brentuximab vedotin (BV) and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) inhibitors. However, there is no standard treatment and limited published data evaluating their use. The goal of this retrospective study is to describe current real-world treatment and outcomes of pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients with R/R ALK-positive ALCL.

The Dynamics, Degradation, and Afterlives of Pectins: Influences on Cell Wall Assembly and Structure, Plant Development and Physiology, Agronomy, and Biotechnology.

Pectins underpin the assembly, molecular architecture, and physical properties of plant cell walls and through their effects on cell growth and adhesion influence many aspects of plant development. They are some of the most dynamic components of plant cell walls, and pectin remodeling and degradation by pectin-modifying enzymes can drive developmental programming via physical effects on the cell wall and the generation of oligosaccharides that can act as signaling ligands. Here, we introduce pectin structure and synthesis and discuss pectin functions in plants.

Protect or prevent? A practicable framework for the dilemmas of COVID-19 vaccine prioritization.

Determining COVID-19 vaccination strategies presents many challenges in light of limited vaccination capacity and the heterogeneity of affected communities. Who should be prioritized for early vaccination when different groups manifest different levels of risks and contact rates? Answering such questions often becomes computationally intractable given that network size can exceed millions. We obtain a framework to compute the optimal vaccination strategy within seconds to minutes from among all strategies, including highly dynamic ones that adjust vaccine allocation as often as required, and even with modest computation resources.

Comparison of Lean, Obese, and Weight Loss Models Reveals TREM2 Deficiency Attenuates Breast Cancer Growth Uniquely in Lean Mice and Alters Clonal T Cell Populations.

Obesity is an established risk factor for breast cancer development and poor prognosis. The adipose environment surrounding breast tumors, which is inflamed in obesity, has been implicated in tumor progression, and TREM2, a transmembrane receptor expressed on macrophages in adipose tissue and tumors, is an emerging therapeutic target for cancer. A better understanding of the mechanisms for the obesity-breast cancer association and the potential benefits of weight loss could help inform treatment strategies.

From Bedside to Boardroom: Dr. Erik Martin's Unexpected Leadership Journey.

This interview explores the unexpected leadership journey of Dr Erik Martin, the 2022-2023 American Organization for Nursing Leadership President and chief nursing officer at Norton Children's Hospital. Starting as a bedside nurse, Dr Martin shares how others encouraged him to pursue leadership roles. The interview highlights the turning points in his career, the challenges he has faced, and valuable lessons learned.

Decay in Physiologic Knowledge since Medical School among Critical Care Fellows (DIP Study).

Rapid accumulation of knowledge and skills by trainees in the intensive care unit assumes prior mastery of clinically relevant core physiology concepts. However, for many fellows, their foundational physiology knowledge was acquired years earlier during their preclinical medical curricula and variably reinforced during the remainder of their undergraduate and graduate medical training. We sought to assess the retention of clinically relevant pulmonary physiology knowledge among pulmonary and critical care medicine (PCCM) and critical care medicine (CCM) fellows.

Oral vs Intravenous Antibiotics for Fracture-Related Infections: The POvIV Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Fracture-related infection (FRI) is a serious complication following fracture fixation surgery. Current treatment of FRIs entails debridement and 6 weeks of intravenous (IV) antibiotics. Lab data and retrospective clinical studies support use of oral antibiotics, which are less expensive and may have fewer complications than IV antibiotics.

GATA2 links stemness to chemotherapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia.

Stemness-associated cell states are linked to chemotherapy resistance in AML. We uncovered a direct mechanistic link between expression of the stem cell transcription factor GATA2 and drug resistance. The GATA-binding protein 2 (GATA2) plays a central role in blood stem cell generation and maintenance.

What does it mean when the pleasant smells come and go? Correlation between UPSIT odor identification status and fluctuation of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including olfactory dysfunction. Prior studies have shown that olfaction deteriorates with disease progression, however fluctuations in olfaction and related PD symptoms have been less explored. This study aimed to investigate correlations between changes in odor identification ability and PD symptoms.

The publication fate of abstracts awarded prizes at European Society of Paediatric Radiology annual scientific meetings.

Background: The European Society of Paediatric Radiology (ESPR) awards prizes for outstanding work presented at their annual scientific meetings. The proportion of ESPR prize-winning abstracts to journal publications is not known. Contextualising abstract-to-publication proportions by evaluating publication experience can yield valuable insights and actionable outcomes to support researchers in overcoming barriers to journal publication.

Spleen stiffness in a healthy pediatric population undergoing liver magnetic resonance elastography.

Background: Splenic stiffness is a potential imaging marker of portal hypertension. Normative spleen stiffness values are needed to define diagnostic thresholds.

Objective: To report stiffness measurements of the spleen in healthy children undergoing liver magnetic resonance (MR) elastography across MRI vendors and field strengths.