Stroke Rehabilitation: Synopsis of the 2024 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Description: In July 2024, the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and U.

Revisiting ascending aortic resection in the elective valve-sparing root replacement: assessing the benefits and necessity of hemiarch replacement at three centres.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the indication and optimal timing for performing a hemiarch procedure in patients undergoing valve-sparing root replacement (VSRR).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on 986 patients undergoing VSRR at three tertiary care centres. Inclusion criteria were all patients undergoing elective VSRR.

Femur osteoid osteoma in children: are there location-dependent differences in MRI findings?

Background: Osteoid osteomas are most commonly found in the femur and preferentially affect the pediatric population. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of femoral osteoid osteomas are not well described.

Objective: To systematically characterize pretreatment MRI findings of clinically confirmed femur osteoid osteomas in children and determine location-dependent differences.

Application of predictive modeling tools for the identification of Ocimum spp. herbal products.

Species identification of botanical products is a crucial aspect of research and regulatory compliance; however, botanical classification can be difficult, especially for morphologically similar species with overlapping genetic and metabolomic markers, like those in the genus Ocimum. Untargeted LC-MS metabolomics coupled with multivariate predictive modeling provides a potential avenue for improving herbal identity investigations, but the current dearth of reference materials for many botanicals limits the applicability of these approaches. This study investigated the potential of using greenhouse-grown authentic Ocimum to build predictive models for classifying commercially available Ocimum products.

Single atom alloys aggregation in the presence of ligands.

Single atom alloys (SAAs) have gained tremendous attention as promising materials with unique physicochemical properties, particularly in catalysis. The stability of SAAs relies on the formation of a single active dopant on the surface of a metal host, quantified by the surface segregation and aggregation energy. Previous studies have investigated the surface segregation of non-ligated and ligated SAAs to reveal the driving forces underlying such phenomena.

Multi-Institutional Analysis of Pancreatoduodenectomy for Nonfamilial Periampullary Adenoma: A Novel Risk Score to Guide Shared Decision-Making.

Introduction: Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) may occasionally be indicated for complete removal of periampullary (duodenal and ampullary) adenomas (PAs). As compared with malignant indications, PD for benign or pre-malignant disease is often associated with increased morbidity. While the Spigelman classification assesses malignancy risk for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)-related duodenal adenomas, no malignancy risk score (MRS) exists for non-FAP related PAs.

Patterns of Maternal Single and Polysubstance Use in the US: A Latent Class Analysis.

Objective: Substance use patterns vary considerably in the general population, yet little is known about patterns before and during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to describe single substance and polysubstance use (PSU) before and during pregnancy among recent births in the United States (US) and compare exposure patterns.

Methods: We used data from the Pregnancy and Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) postpartum survey for 2016-2018 to estimate the prevalence and identify patterns of substance use by participants one to three months before and during pregnancy.

Latent Trajectories of Change in Dietary Restriction During Treatment in Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder and Anorexia Nervosa.

Objective: Outcomes for low-weight restrictive eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa, restricting type (AN-R) and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), are sub-optimal. Reducing dietary restriction is a key treatment target. Understanding heterogeneity in patterns of change in dietary restriction may aid in improving outcomes.

Transferrin Saturation, Serum Iron, and Ferritin in Heart Failure: Prognostic Significance and Proteomic Associations.

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) is currently defined as a serum ferritin level <100 or 100 to 299 ng/mL with transferrin saturation (TSAT) <20%. Serum ferritin and TSAT are currently used to define absolute and functional ID. However, individual markers of iron metabolism may be more informative than current arbitrary definitions of ID.

Gigantic, Sixteen-Pound Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Neck.

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenomas are rare malignant tumors of the salivary glands, primarily seen in older adults. They originate from benign pleomorphic adenomas, are aggressive, and have poorer prognosis. This case documents an unusual presentation of a massive carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma.

Bose-Einstein Condensation of Polaritons at Room Temperature in a GaAs/AlGaAs Structure.

We report the canonical properties of the Bose-Einstein condensation of polaritons in the weak coupling regime, seen previously in many low-temperature experiments, at room temperature in a GaAs/AlGaAs structure. These effects include a nonlinear energy shift of the polaritons, showing that they are not noninteracting photons, and dramatic line narrowing due to coherence, giving coherent emission with a spectral width of 0.24 meV at room temperature with no external stabilization.

BubbleCam: Engaging Privacy in Remote Sighted Assistance.

Remote sighted assistance (RSA) offers prosthetic support to people with visual impairments (PVI) through image- or video-based conversations with remote sighted assistants. While useful, RSA services introduce privacy concerns, as PVI may reveal private visual content inadvertently. Solutions have emerged to address these concerns on image-based asynchronous RSA, but exploration into solutions for video-based synchronous RSA remains limited.

Consensus Recommendations for the Management of Neurosarcoidosis: A Delphi Survey of Experts Across the United States.

Background And Objectives: Neurosarcoidosis poses a diagnostic and management challenge due to its rarity, phenotypic variability, and lack of randomized controlled studies to guide treatment selection. Recommendations for management based on expert opinion are useful in clinical practice and provide a framework for designing prospective studies.

Methods: In this Delphi survey study, specialists with experience in managing patients with neurosarcoidosis were invited to anonymously complete 2 surveys about key elements of evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, and long-term management of neurosarcoidosis.

Paternal activation parenting and growth in children's inhibitory control across early childhood.

Activation parenting (AP) is a parenting construct derived from research and theory on paternal caregiving that includes behaviors that challenge children to approach novel situations, explore their environments, and take physical and socioemotional risks through a balance of encouragement and limit-setting. Although components of AP have been linked to different domains of children's self-regulation skills, comprehensive measures of AP and longitudinal research on families from low socioeconomic backgrounds are lacking. These limitations greatly constrain our understanding of the potential benefits of paternal AP for children's self-regulation development, including the maturation of inhibitory control (IC) in early childhood.

Relationships Between Recent Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Somatic Symptoms in Adolescence.

Early identification and interventions are imperative for mitigating the harmful effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Nonetheless, a substantial barrier persists in identifying adolescents experiencing ACEs. One understudied avenue for early identification of ACEs is through the examination of somatic symptoms endorsed by adolescents.

Development of a Brief Client Satisfaction and Quality Improvement Tool for Hospital-Based Violence Intervention Programs: Opportunities for Enhancing Client Perspectives.

Hospital-based violence intervention programs (HVIPs) are evidence-informed strategies to promote recovery among victims of violence. Limited tools exist to capture client-reported perspectives of program relevance, responsiveness, acceptability, and impact. We conducted a quality improvement project to develop an HVIP-specific tool that can be used to collect information regarding client satisfaction with services to inform ongoing and future program improvement efforts.

Racial-Ethnic Stratification in Work-Family Arrangements among Black, Hispanic, and White Couples.

Objective: This article builds on work-family scholarship to document racial-ethnic variation in couples' work-family arrangements, i.e., how couples respond to their work and family demands.

Corrigendum: Modeling flow in an anatomical cerebrovascular model with experimental validation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2023.

p-Type Sensing of DNA Nucleobases Adsorbed on Graphene Nanoribbon.

DNA nucleobases are important in DNA sequencing, disease testing linked to genes, and disease treatment. Here, we report density functional calculations investigating the adsorption of guanine (G), adenine (A), thymine (T), and cytosine (C) on armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNR) - a gapped semiconductor. Their adsorption energies, charge transfer, work function, and electrical properties were calculated.

Characteristics of nursing homes with high rates of invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections.

Background: Nursing home residents experience a large burden of invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Data are limited regarding nursing home characteristics associated with differences in facility-level invasive MRSA rates.

Methods: We analyzed 2011-2015 data from CDC's Emerging Infections Program (EIP) active population- and laboratory-based surveillance for invasive MRSA cases within seven states.

Predicting right ventricular failure after left ventricular assist device implant: A novel approach.

Aims: Right ventricular (RV) failure (RVF) after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implant is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Modern, data-driven approaches for defining and predicting RVF have been under-utilized.

Methods: Two hundred thirty-two patients were identified with a mean age of 55 years; 40 (17%) were women, 132 were (59%) Caucasian and 74 (32%) were Black.