The Senolytic Effect of Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) on Mouse Embryonic (MEF) and Human Fibroblast Cell Lines.

Senescence and apoptosis are two fundamental cellular processes that play crucial roles in various physiological and pathological conditions. Senescence refers to the irreversible growth arrest that cells undergo in response to various stimuli, including telomeric alterations, stress, and oncogenic signaling. Pharmacological and/or genetic removal of senescent cells, also referred to as senolysis, triggers organ rejuvenation and tissue regeneration.

Identification and Management of Bile Duct Injuries.

Injury to the biliary system can be a major problem leading to significant morbidity for the patient. This most commonly occurs due to iatrogenic causes and identification as early as possible is critical to maximizing the patient outcome. The timing of identification will dictate the optimal time for repair, and this should be undertaken at a facility with hepatobiliary surgery expertise as well as advanced gastroenterology and interventional radiology services.

A novel liquid biopsy assay for detection of (HER2) amplification in circulating tumor cells (CTCs).

Purpose: Circulating tumor cell (CTC)-based (HER2) assay is a laboratory test developed by Epic Sciences using single-cell genomics to detect (HER2) amplification in CTCs found in the peripheral blood of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients.

Patients And Methods: Peripheral blood was collected in Streck tubes and centrifugation was used to remove plasma and red blood cells. The remaining nucleated cells were deposited on glass slides, immunofluorescent-stained with proprietary antibodies, scanned by a high-definition digital scanner, and analyzed by a proprietary algorithm.

Are Patient-Centered Care, Healthcare Consumerism, and Trust in Physicians Compatible?: Positioning Analysis of the Patient-Provider Relationship.

Patient-centered care and healthcare consumerism are dominant models of the patient-provider relationship. Positioning theory was applied to examine consumers' and physicians' positions on patient-centered care and healthcare consumerism, along with their attitudes toward direct-to-consumer healthcare service advertising and trust in the medical profession. Surveys were conducted with a convenience sample of consumers and physicians respectively.

The impact of cancer-related diarrhea on changes in cancer therapy.

Purpose: The impact of cancer-related diarrhea (CRD) on changes in cancer therapy remains poorly characterized despite its prevalence.

Methods: We performed a longitudinal observational study using IQVIA PharMetrics Plus claims data. Patients included adults with CRD identified by diagnosis codes or pharmacy claims and compared their outcomes to matched (1:1) patients without CRD.

Onco-Primary Care of Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Primary clinicians foster long-term relationships with patients and play key roles in the treatment journey for patients with cancer. Primary clinicians are important members of the multidisciplinary team and are central in coordinating and providing supportive care. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in adjuvant/neoadjuvant treatments and metastatic disease requires an awareness of their long-term survival benefits and immune-related adverse events (irAEs).

Remote Monitoring App for Endocrine Therapy Adherence Among Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) use among women with early-stage, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer reduces the risk of cancer recurrence, but its adverse symptoms contribute to lower adherence.

Objective: To test whether remote monitoring of symptoms and treatment adherence with or without tailored text messages improves outcomes among women with breast cancer who are prescribed AET.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This nonblinded, randomized clinical trial (RCT) following intention-to-treat principles included English-speaking women with early-stage breast cancer prescribed AET at a large cancer center with 14 clinics across 3 states from November 15, 2018, to June 11, 2021.

On-body injector pegfilgrastim for chemotherapy-induced neutropenia prophylaxis: Current Status.

Introduction: Myelosuppression, a challenge in cancer treatment, often results in severe complications. Prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factors, particularly pegfilgrastim, mitigate chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. This narrative review evaluates the role of on-body injector (OBI) devices for pegfilgrastim administration.

2023 MASCC and ESMO guideline update for the prevention of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

• Nausea and vomiting are considered amongst the most troublesome adverse events for patients receiving antineoplastics. • The guideline covers emetic risk classification, prevention and management of treatment-induced nausea and vomiting. • The Consensus Committee consisted of 34 multidisciplinary, health care professionals and three patient advocates.

Activity and safety of enobosarm, a novel, oral, selective androgen receptor modulator, in androgen receptor-positive, oestrogen receptor-positive, and HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (Study G200802): a randomised, open-label, multicentre, multinational, parallel design, phase 2 trial.

Background: The androgen receptor is a tumour suppressor in oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. The activity and safety of enobosarm, an oral selective androgen receptor modulator, was evaluated in women with oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative, and androgen receptor (AR)-positive disease.

Methods: Women who were postmenopausal (aged ≥18 years) with previously treated ER-positive, HER2-negative, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2 were enrolled in a randomised, open-label, multicentre, multinational, parallel design, phase 2 trial done at 35 cancer treatment centres in nine countries.

Post-surgical ctDNA-based molecular residual disease detection in patients with stage I uterine malignancies.

Introduction: Among uterine malignancies, endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common cancer of the female reproductive tract. Traditionally, risk stratification in EC is determined by standard clinicopathological risk factors. Although circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a prognostic biomarker in various malignancies, its clinical validity in EC remains to be established.

Lasofoxifene versus fulvestrant for ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer with an ESR1 mutation: results from the randomized, phase II ELAINE 1 trial.

Background: Acquired estrogen receptor alpha (ER/ESR1) mutations commonly cause endocrine resistance in ER+ metastatic breast cancer (mBC). Lasofoxifene, a novel selective ER modulator, stabilizes an antagonist conformation of wild-type and ESR1-mutated ER-ligand binding domains, and has antitumor activity in ESR1-mutated xenografts.

Patients And Methods: In this open-label, randomized, phase II, multicenter, ELAINE 1 study (NCT03781063), we randomized women with ESR1-mutated, ER+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) mBC that had progressed on an aromatase inhibitor (AI) plus a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) to oral lasofoxifene 5 mg daily or IM fulvestrant 500 mg (days 1, 15, and 29, and then every 4 weeks) until disease progression/toxicity.

STAT3-dependent long non-coding RNA Lncenc1 contributes to mouse ES cells pluripotency via stabilizing Klf4 mRNA.

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) preserve the unique ability to differentiate into any somatic cell lineage while maintaining their self-renewal potential, relying on a complex interplay of extracellular signals regulating the expression/activity of pluripotency transcription factors and their targets. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)-activated STAT3 drives ESCs' stemness by a number of mechanisms, including the transcriptional induction of pluripotency factors such as Klf4 and the maintenance of a stem-like epigenetic landscape. However, it is unknown if STAT3 directly controls stem-cell specific non-coding RNAs, crucial to balance pluripotency and differentiation.

Socioeconomic disparities in patients with small bowel neuroendocrine tumors.

Background And Objectives: Demographic and socioeconomic disparities affect cancer specific outcomes in numerous malignancies, but the impact of these for patients with small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SBNETs) is not well understood. The primary objective was to investigate the impact of demographic and socioeconomic factors on overall survival (OS) for patients with SBNETs.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study utilizing the National Cancer Database to assess patients diagnosed with SBNET between 2004 and 2015.

Synthetic Methodologies and Therapeutic Potential of Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) and Its Derivatives.

Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a natural product contained in vegetables belonging to the family and has been studied in recent decades for its biological and pharmacological properties. Herein, we will analyze: (1) the biosynthetic processes and synthetic procedures through which I3C and its main derivatives have been obtained; (2) the characteristics that lead to believe that both I3C and its derivatives are responsible for several important activities-in particular, antitumor and antiviral, through insights concerning in vitro assays and in vivo tests; (3) the mechanisms of action of the most important compounds considered; (4) the potential social impact that the enhancement of the discussed molecules can have in the prevention and treatment of the pathologies' examined field-first of all, those related to respiratory tract disorders and cancer.

Biomarkers of Tumor Heterogeneity in Glioblastoma Multiforme Cohort of TCGA.

Tumor Whole Slide Images (WSI) are often heterogeneous, which hinders the discovery of biomarkers in the presence of confounding clinical factors. In this study, we present a pipeline for identifying biomarkers from the Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) cohort of WSIs from TCGA archive. The GBM cohort endures many technical artifacts while the discovery of GBM biomarkers is challenged because "age" is the single most confounding factor for predicting outcomes.

Stroma-derived miR-214 coordinates tumor dissemination.

Background: Tumor progression is based on a close interaction between cancer cells and Tumor MicroEnvironment (TME). Here, we focus on the role that Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs), Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and microRNAs (miRs) play in breast cancer and melanoma malignancy.

Methods: We used public databases to investigate miR-214 expression in the stroma compartment of primary human samples and evaluated tumor formation and dissemination following tumor cell injections in miR-214 overexpressing (miR-214) and knock out (miR-214) mice.

An Immunocompetent Environment Unravels the Proto-Oncogenic Role of miR-22.

MiR-22 was first identified as a proto-oncogenic microRNA (miRNA) due to its ability to post-transcriptionally suppress the expression of the potent PTEN (Phosphatase And Tensin Homolog) tumor suppressor gene. miR-22 tumorigenic role in cancer was subsequently supported by its ability to positively trigger lipogenesis, anabolic metabolism, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) towards the metastatic spread. However, during the following years, the picture was complicated by the identification of targets that support a tumor-suppressive role in certain tissues or cell types.

Indole-3-carbinol in vitro antiviral activity against SARS-Cov-2 virus and in vivo toxicity.

The effects of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) compound have been described deeply as antitumor drug in multiple cancers. Herein, I3C compound was tested for toxicity and antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antiviral activity was assessed in vitro in both in VeroE6 cell line and human Lung Organoids (hLORGs) where I3C exhibited a direct anti-SARS-CoV-2 replication activity with an antiviral effect and a modulation of the expression of genes implicated in innate immunity and inflammatory response was observed at 16.

CD36 Fibroblasts Secrete Protein Ligands That Growth-Suppress Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells While Elevating Adipogenic Markers for a Model of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast.

Tumor and stroma coevolve to facilitate tumor growth. Hence, effective tumor therapeutics would not only induce growth suppression of tumor cells but also revert pro-tumor stroma into anti-tumoral type. Previously, we showed that coculturing triple-negative or luminal A breast cancer cells with CD36 fibroblasts (FBs) in a three-dimensional extracellular matrix induced their growth suppression or phenotypic reversion, respectively.

Patient-Centered Care and Healthcare Consumerism in Online Healthcare Service Advertisements: A Positioning Analysis.

Patient-centered care and healthcare consumerism are the two most dominant ideas about the relationship between patients and providers in the United States. To identify providers' positions between the two perspectives, we analyzed the content of direct-to-consumer healthcare service advertisements. The advertisements were collected in the state of Nevada ( = 323) and their landing pages were analyzed for provider attributes, patient experience features, and terms referring to patients and providers.