Understanding the Relationship between the Ketogenic Diet and the Heart: A Novel Therapeutic Potential for Cardiovascular Health.

Obesity and cardiovascular diseases are major health problems worldwide, and weight loss is used as a treatment strategy to enhance various aspects. While there are many weight loss methods, one of the most effective is through a dietary approach. The ketogenic diet (KD), which is characterized by low carbohydrates and high levels of fat and/or protein, is used in obese patients as it is a promising treatment option for weight loss as well as for controlling the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, as seen in its effects on cardio-metabolic outcomes, particularly in obesity, heart failure, and hypertension.

Stepping into the Virtual Realm: Examining the Utility of Non-Immersive VR on Medical Residents' Self-Efficacy, Performance, and Satisfaction.

Central Venous Catheterization (CVC) is conducted in more than 5 million patients annually in the United States. Currently, CVC theoretical knowledge is typically taught with didactic lectures with minimal assessment of knowledge before simulation training and clinical environment. To assess CVC theoretical knowledge, virtual reality (VR) can develop residents' surgical skills and can provide feedback on performance.

Scientific evidence for the updated guidelines on indications for metabolic and bariatric surgery (IFSO/ASMBS).

The 2022 American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) and International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) updated the indications for metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), replacing the previous guidelines established by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) over 30 years ago. The evidence supporting these updated guidelines has been strengthened to assist metabolic and bariatric surgeons, nutritionists, and other members of multidisciplinary teams (MDTs), as well as patients. This study aims to assess the level of evidence and the strength of recommendations compared to the previously published criteria.

Supporting early-career military general surgeons: an Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma Military Committee position paper.

Early-career surgeons must be exposed to a sufficient number of surgical cases of varying complexity in a mentored environment to allow them to solidify, sustain and build on the skills gained in training. Decreased operative volumes at military treatment facilities and assignments that do not include strong mentoring environments can place military surgeons at a disadvantage relative to their civilian counterparts during this critical time following training. The challenge of lower operative volumes in the current interwar lull has been exacerbated by the decline in beneficiary care conducted within the Military Healthcare System.

National trends in catheter angiography and cerebrovascular imaging in a group of privately insured patients in the US.

Background: Despite the increasing use of non-invasive imaging, DSA remains the gold standard for cerebrovascular imaging. However, trends in DSA utilization are poorly understood. The goal of this study was to describe DSA utilization in a large claims database in the US over a 13 year period.

Efficacy and Tolerability of Anti-CGRP Monoclonal Antibodies in Patients Aged ≥ 65 Years With Daily or Nondaily Migraine.

Background And Objectives: Despite decreasing prevalence of migraine with advancing age, there remains a significant proportion of individuals aged ≥65 years with migraine. Treatment of this population is difficult and they are often excluded from clinical trials, limiting evidence regarding migraine treatment outcomes. Our objective is to assess the efficacy and tolerability of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies (erenumab, fremanezumab, and galcanezumab) in patients ≥65 years (O65) compared with patients <65 (U65) with daily or nondaily migraine.

A National Survey of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Clinicians' Comfort Level, Beliefs, and Experiences With Initiating Buprenorphine in the Emergency Department.

Introduction: The prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) among adolescents has seen an alarming rise, prompting an exploration of the utilization of buprenorphine as a treatment modality. This study aimed to understand the perceptions, experiences, and comfort levels of pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) clinicians in initiating medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for pediatric patients presenting with OUD in emergency departments.

Methods: Utilizing a cross-sectional survey design, data from 110 respondents were collected from a potential participant pool of 3062 for a response rate of 3.

Impact of a Novel Wearable Sensor on Heart Failure Rehospitalization: An Open-Label Concurrent-Control Clinical Trial.

Background: There is an unmet need for early detection of heart failure decompensation, allowing patients to be managed remotely and avoid hospitalization.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare a strategy utilizing data from a wearable HF sensor for management following a HF hospitalization to usual care.

Methods: Eligible subjects were discharged from the hospital within the previous 10 days and had a HF event in the previous 6 months.

Ethical dimensions of clinical data sharing by US healthcare organizations for purposes beyond direct patient care: Interviews with healthcare leaders.

Objectives: Empirically investigate current practices and analyze ethical dimensions of clinical data sharing by healthcare organizations for uses other than treatment, payment, and operations. Make recommendations to inform research and policy for healthcare organizations to protect patients' privacy and autonomy when sharing data with unrelated third parties.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews and surveys involving 24 informatics leaders from 22 US healthcare organizations, accompanied by thematic and ethical analyses.

Pharmacotherapy guideline concordance for major depressive disorder and its link to functioning via symptom change.

Introduction: Alleviation of symptom severity for major depressive disorder (MDD) is known to be associated with a lagged improvement of functioning. Pharmacotherapy guidelines support algorithms for MDD treatment. However, it is currently unclear whether concordance with guidelines influences functional recovery.

Prognostic Implications of Timing of Immunotherapy in Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Currently, the established approach for addressing stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involves combining chemotherapy with immunotherapy. However, the necessity for molecular analysis prior to commencing immunotherapy often results in a delay in its initiation following the commencement of chemotherapy. Therefore, this study aimed to study the significance of postponing immunotherapy on pertinent patient outcomes.

Atypical Presentation of a Penile Fracture With Unilateral Corpora Cavernosa and Urethral Injury.

A penile fracture is a rare but urgent urologic emergency that requires immediate surgical correction to preserve erectile function. It results from a rupture of the tunica albuginea of one or both corpora cavernosa. Patients classically will present with a history of recent sexual activity and a sudden "snap," followed by detumescence, pain, and swelling of the phallus.