A pH-responsive phase-transition bi-affinity nanopolymer-assisted exosome metabolomics for early screening of osteoarthritis.

Exosomes, emerging as ideal non-invasive biomarkers for disease diagnosis and monitoring, have seldom been explored based on metabolite levels. In this study, we designed and synthesized a pH-responsive phase-transition bifunctional affinity nanopolymer (pH-BiAN) that could efficiently and homogeneously separate exosomes from urine. Specifically, poly-4-vinylpyridine (P4VP) was chosen as the pH-responsive polymer and simultaneously modified with two exosome-affinity components CD63 aptamer and distearoyl phosphoethanolamine (DSPE) through a one-step amide reaction at room temperature.

Analysis of blood metabolite characteristics at birth in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: an observational cohort study.

Background: To analyze the characteristics of blood metabolites within 24 h after birth in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and to identify biomarkers for predicting the occurrence of BPD.

Methods: Dried blood spots (DBS) were collected at birth from preterm infants with gestational age (GA) of less than 32 weeks in the cohort. The infants were divided into the BPD group and non-BPD group based on whether they eventually developed BPD.

Analysis of variable metabolites in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Numerous studies have attempted to identify potential biomarkers for early detection of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants using metabolomics techniques. However, the presence of consistent evidence remains elusive. Our study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify differences in small-molecule metabolites between BPD and non-BPD preterm infants.

Correlation between glucose metabolism and body mass index in tumor lesions of patients with lung cancer.

Objective: Lung cancer, along with various other cancers, is characterized by increased glucose metabolism. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), derived from positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), serves as an indicator of glucose metabolic activity in tumor lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and SUVmax in individuals with lung cancer.

Pan-cancer analysis of STAT3 indicates its potential prognostic value and correlation with immune cell infiltration in prostate cancer.

Background: Targeting the STAT3 signaling pathway is a promising therapeutic approach for cancer patients. However, the association between STAT3 expression, the tumor immune microenvironment, and genetic variation remains unclear across human cancers, especially prostate cancer.

Methods: We used R software and other tools to analyze pan-cancer and mutation data from publicly available databases statistically.

Homoharringtonine Added to Venetoclax and Azacitidine Improves Outcome and Mitigates Genetic Impact in Relapsed/Refractory AML: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Purpose: We investigated whether homoharringtonine (HHT) added to venetoclax plus azacitidine (VA) could improve outcomes and counteract the negative effects of genetic patterns in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (RR-AML).

Experimental Design: A multicenter retrospective cohort study of the response and genetic patterns of response to the VA plus HHT (VAH) versus the VA regimens as salvage treatment in patients with RR-AML was performed. The endpoints were the rates of composite complete remission, measurable residual disease, event-free survival, overall survival, and relapse between VAH and VA groups.

Gallbladder cancer incidence and mortality rate trends in China: analysis of data from the population-based cancer registry.

Background: Gallbladder cancer is a major health concern in China, and awareness of the associated incidence and mortality rates is particularly important given the aging population.

Objective: To determine trends in gallbladder cancer incidence and mortality rates over 12 years and quantitatively analyze the influence of demographic factors on these rates in China.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 98,860 Chinese citizens using the Chinese Cancer Registry, a national database.

Miniature Robots for Battling Bacterial Infection.

Micro/nanorobots have shown great promise for minimally invasive bacterial infection therapy. However, bacterial infections usually form biofilms inside the body by aggregation and adhesion, preventing antibiotic penetration and increasing the likelihood of recurrence. Moreover, a substantial portion of the infection happens in those hard-to-access regions, making delivery of antibiotics to infected sites or tissues difficult and exacerbating the challenge of addressing bacterial infections.

Metabolomics and lipidomics in pectus excavatum: preliminary screening of biomarkers for early diagnosis.

Background: Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common chest wall deformity, characterized by an insidious onset, gradual progression, and challenges in early diagnosis. It is often accompanied by emaciation and distinctive metabolic traits, which may provide valuable insights into its internal physiological and biochemical mechanisms. Our study attempted to screen out biomarkers by identifying the metabolic characteristics of PE, and the results provide a scientific basis for the early diagnosis of PE.

Nanocarriers for intracellular delivery of proteins in biomedical applications: strategies and recent advances.

Protein drugs are of great importance in maintaining the normal functioning of living organisms. Indeed, they have been instrumental in combating tumors and genetic diseases for decades. Among these pharmaceutical agents, those that target intracellular components necessitate the use of therapeutic proteins to exert their effects within the targeted cells.

Helicobacter pylori outer membrane vesicles directly promote Aβ aggregation and enhance Aβ toxicity in APP/PS1 mice.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been found associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) with unclear mechanisms. Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) are spherical particles secreted by Gram-negative bacteria.

Immune cell changes in infection-induced glandular epithelial cell damage of the gastric mucosa.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between () infection-induced changes in gastric mucosal immune cells and glandular epithelial cell damage and the histopathological characteristics of these changes.

Methods: We performed a detailed histomorphometry and immunohistochemical analysis of a total of 1635 -infected gastric mucosal specimens.

Results: Stage-wise features were as follows: Early stage of infection: was colonized in the mucous layer, and very few neutrophils were visible in the layer.

Photodynamic therapy compared with loop electrosurgical excision procedure in patients with cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.

The study aimed to compare the effectiveness between Hiporfin-photodynamic therapy (PDT) and loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in treating cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). We conducted a retrospective analysis of 104 women diagnosed with cervical HSIL at our hospital from April 2019 to July 2023. With 1:1 matched case-control, 52 cases received Hiporfin-PDT and 52 cases underwent LEEP.

Progranulin-dependent repair function of regulatory T cells drives bone-fracture healing.

Local immunoinflammatory events instruct skeletal stem cells (SSCs) to repair/regenerate bone after injury, but mechanisms are incompletely understood. We hypothesized that specialized Tregs are necessary for bone repair and interact directly with SSCs through organ-specific messages. Both in human patients with bone fracture and a mouse model of bone injury, we identified a bone injury-responding Treg subpopulation with bone-repair capacity marked by CCR8.

Inherited Spinocerebellar Ataxia Segregates with Intra-Familial Genetic Heterogeneity in a Consanguineous Pakistani Family: A Report of a Potential Novel Candidate Gene.

Hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a group of genetic neurodegenerative disorders caused by a variety of gene variants. At least 44 types of SCAs have been identified to date, and more than 35 genes and hundreds of variants have been reported that are associated with SCAs. We have investigated a Pakistani consanguineous six-generation family with SCA by using whole-exome sequencing analysis.

Computed tomography enterography radiomics and machine learning for identification of Crohn's disease.

Background: Crohn's disease is a severe chronic and relapsing inflammatory bowel disease. Although contrast-enhanced computed tomography enterography is commonly used to evaluate crohn's disease, its imaging findings are often nonspecific and can overlap with other bowel diseases. Recent studies have explored the application of radiomics-based machine learning algorithms to aid in the diagnosis of medical images.

Use of UMFNPs/Ce6@MBs in multimodal imaging-guided sono-photodynamic combination therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Early diagnosis of liver cancer and appropriate treatment options are critical for obtaining a good prognosis. However, due to technical limitations, it is difficult to make an early and accurate diagnosis of liver cancer, and the traditional imaging model is relatively simple. Therefore, we synthesized multifunctional diagnostic/therapeutic nanoparticles, UMFNPs/Ce6@MBs, loaded with ultra-small manganese ferrite nanoparticles (UMFNPs) and chlorin e6 (Ce6).

AS160 is a lipid-responsive regulator of cardiac Ca homeostasis by controlling lysophosphatidylinositol metabolism and signaling.

The obese heart undergoes metabolic remodeling and exhibits impaired calcium (Ca) homeostasis, which are two critical assaults leading to cardiac dysfunction. The molecular mechanisms underlying these alterations in obese heart are not well understood. Here, we show that the Rab-GTPase activating protein AS160 is a lipid-responsive regulator of Ca homeostasis through governing lysophosphatidylinositol metabolism and signaling.

An injectable carboxymethyl chitosan-based hydrogel with controlled release of BMP-2 for efficient treatment of bone defects.

Although biological scaffolds containing bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) have been widely used for osteogenic therapy, achieving stable and controlled release of BMP-2 remains a challenge. Herein, a novel BMP-2 sustained-release system composed of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/polyethylene glycol (PEG)/heparin sulfate (HS) (CMCS/PEG/HS) was constructed with a Schiff base reaction, yielding an injectable hydrogel for the release of BMP-2 in a controlled manner. For the CMCS/PEG/HS/BMP-2 hydrogel, the HS component had a negatively charged structure, which can bind to positively charged growth factors and prevent early hydrolytic metabolism of growth factors, thus achieving sustainable release of BMP-2.

Hyperuricaemia elevates risk of short-term readmission and mortality in patients with heart failure.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Serum uric acid (SUA), a product of purine metabolism, has been implicated in HF progression. However, the association between hyperuricaemia and the short-term readmission and mortality in patients with HF remains controversial.

Targeting the SPC25/RIOK1/MYH9 Axis to Overcome Tumor Stemness and Platinum Resistance in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

In epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), platinum resistance, potentially mediated by cancer stem cells (CSCs), often leads to relapse and treatment failure. Here, the role of spindle pole body component 25 (SPC25) as a key determinant promoting stemness and platinum resistance in EOC cells, with its expression being correlated with adverse clinical outcomes is delineated. Mechanistically, SPC25 acts as a scaffolding platform, orchestrating the assembly of an SPC25/RIOK1/MYH9 trimeric complex, triggering RIOK1-mediated phosphorylation of MYH9 at Ser1943.